Ear trumpet
Encyclopedia
Sound
Sound is a mechanical wave that is an oscillation of pressure transmitted through a solid, liquid, or gas, composed of frequencies within the range of hearing and of a level sufficiently strong to be heard, or the sensation stimulated in organs of hearing by such vibrations.-Propagation of...
waves and lead them into the ear
Ear
The ear is the organ that detects sound. It not only receives sound, but also aids in balance and body position. The ear is part of the auditory system....
. This results in a strengthening of the sound energy impact to the eardrum
Eardrum
The eardrum, or tympanic membrane, is a thin membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear in humans and other tetrapods. Its function is to transmit sound from the air to the ossicles inside the middle ear. The malleus bone bridges the gap between the eardrum and the other ossicles...
and thus a better hearing for a reduced or decreased hearing individual.
Ear trumpets were made of sheet iron, silver, wood, snail shells or animal horns.
History
- 1624 - the French Jesuit priest and mathematician Jean Leurechon (1591–1670) writes Recreations mathématiques (with the pseudonymPseudonymA pseudonym is a name that a person assumes for a particular purpose and that differs from his or her original orthonym...
Henrik van Etten). The book gives the earliest known description of the operation of an ear trumpet.
- 1650 - Athanasius KircherAthanasius KircherAthanasius Kircher was a 17th century German Jesuit scholar who published around 40 works, most notably in the fields of oriental studies, geology, and medicine...
which in addition to numerous other fields of knowledge with the science of sound and employed in 1650 in his Musurgia the invention of a "hearing machine" described, is regarded as the actual inventor of the stethoscope. The Roman physician Archigenes (2nd century), a stethoscope mentioned as a remedy for hearing loss, as was the Greek physician of Alexander Tralles (5th century). A medieval miniature from the 12th century that is now in the French National Library is, King Arthur's shows with a stethoscope in the hunt.
- 1706 - Duguet uses built-in tubes for receiving sound waves in the arms of a chairChairA chair is a stable, raised surface used to sit on, commonly for use by one person. Chairs are most often supported by four legs and have a back; however, a chair can have three legs or could have a different shape depending on the criteria of the chair specifications. A chair without a back or...
. This arrangement was repeated counterfeiting.
- 1812 to 1814 - Johann Nepomuk MälzelJohann Nepomuk MälzelJohann Nepomuk Maelzel [or Mälzel] was an inventor, engineer, and showman, best known for manufacturing a metronome and several music automatons, and displaying a fraudulent chess machine.-Life and work:...
made ear trumpets for Ludwig van BeethovenLudwig van BeethovenLudwig van Beethoven was a German composer and pianist. A crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in Western art music, he remains one of the most famous and influential composers of all time.Born in Bonn, then the capital of the Electorate of Cologne and part of...
. They are now kept in the Beethoven Museum in BonnBonnBonn is the 19th largest city in Germany. Located in the Cologne/Bonn Region, about 25 kilometres south of Cologne on the river Rhine in the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, it was the capital of West Germany from 1949 to 1990 and the official seat of government of united Germany from 1990 to 1999....
.
- 1816 - invented by René Théophile Hyacinthe Laënnec in France, the stethoscopeStethoscopeThe stethoscope is an acoustic medical device for auscultation, or listening to the internal sounds of an animal body. It is often used to listen to lung and heart sounds. It is also used to listen to intestines and blood flow in arteries and veins...
to listen for heart sounds.
- 1879 - Rhodes constructed in Chicago from natural shellExoskeletonAn exoskeleton is the external skeleton that supports and protects an animal's body, in contrast to the internal skeleton of, for example, a human. In popular usage, some of the larger kinds of exoskeletons are known as "shells". Examples of exoskeleton animals include insects such as grasshoppers...
s an audiophone which transferred sound vibrations through bone conduction by the subject held against the teeth or between the teeth.
- 1910 - The company Kirchner & Wilhelm in AspergAspergAsperg is a town in the district of Ludwigsburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated 15 km north of Stuttgart, and 4 km west of Ludwigsburg. The Hohenasperg fortress is situated in Asperg....
offered many stethoscope models in the catalog.
- 1963 - The ear trumpet producer F. C. Rein and Son in London ended activity as the last company of its kind.