Earl of Dunfermline was a title in the Peerage of Scotland

Peerage of Scotland

The Peerage of Scotland is the division of the British Peerage for those peers created in the Kingdom of Scotland before 1707. With that year's Act of Union, the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England were combined into the Kingdom of Great Britain, and a new Peerage of Great Britain was...

. It was created in 1605 for Alexander Seton, 1st Lord Fyvie

Alexander Seton, 1st Earl of Dunfermline

Alexander Seton, 1st Earl of Dunfermline was a Scottish lawyer, judge and politician. He was Lord President of the Court of Session from 1598 to 1604 and Lord Chancellor of Scotland from 1604 to 1622....

, fourth son of George Seton, 7th Lord Seton

George Seton, 7th Lord Seton

George Seton V, 7th Lord Seton was a Lord of the Parliament of Scotland, Master of the Household of Mary, Queen of Scots and Provost of Edinburgh. He was the eldest son of George Seton, 6th Lord Seton and Elizabeth Hay, a daughter of John Hay, 3rd Lord Hay of Yester...

 (see Earl of Winton

Earl of Winton

The title Earl of Winton was once created in the Peerage of Scotland, and again the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It is presently held by the Earl of Eglinton....

 for earlier history of the family). Seton had already been created Lord Fyvie in the Peerage of Scotland, in 1598, with remainder to his elder brother, John Seton. He was succeeded by his son, the second Earl. He was Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland

Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland

The office of Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland, one of the Great Officers of State, first appears in the reign of David II. After the Act of Union 1707 its holder was normally a peer, like the Keeper of the Great Seal...

 between 1661 and 1672. His younger son, the fourth Earl (who succeeded his childless elder brother), was a supporter of the deposed James II

James II of England

James II & VII was King of England and King of Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII, from 6 February 1685. He was the last Catholic monarch to reign over the Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland...

 and had his titles forfeited by parliament in 1690. He died in France

France

The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

 in 1694 when the male line of the first Earl died out.

Earls of Dunfermline (1605)

• Alexander Seton, 1st Earl of Dunfermline
  Alexander Seton, 1st Earl of Dunfermline
  Alexander Seton, 1st Earl of Dunfermline was a Scottish lawyer, judge and politician. He was Lord President of the Court of Session from 1598 to 1604 and Lord Chancellor of Scotland from 1604 to 1622....
  
   (1556–1622)
• Charles Seton, 2nd Earl of Dunfermline
  Charles Seton, 2nd Earl of Dunfermline
  Charles Seton, 2nd Earl of Dunfermline PC , styled Lord Fyvie until 1622, was a Scottish peer.Seton the son of Alexander Seton, 1st Earl of Dunfermline and Margaret, daughter of James Hay, 7th Lord Hay of Yester and Lady Margaret Kerr...
  
   (1615–1672)
• Alexander Seton, 3rd Earl of Dunfermline
  Alexander Seton, 3rd Earl of Dunfermline
  Alexander Seton, 3rd Earl of Dunfermline was an Earl in the Peerage of Scotland. He succeeded his father, Charles Seton, 2nd Earl of Dunfermline, in 1672. Alexander was a younger son, but his older brother Charles had predeceased his father shortly before, in a naval battle of the Third...
  
   (d. 1677)
• James Seton, 4th Earl of Dunfermline
  James Seton, 4th Earl of Dunfermline
  James Seton, 4th Earl of Dunfermline was a Scottish peer.Seton a younger son of Charles Seton, 2nd Earl of Dunfermline, and succeeded to the title at the death of his brother, Alexander Seton, 3rd Earl of Dunfermline, at some point in 1677...
  
  (d. 1694) (forfeit in 1690)