Earl of Perth
Encyclopedia
The title Earl of Perth was created in the Peerage of Scotland
in 1605 for James Drummond, 4th Lord Drummond.
The Drummond family
claim descent from Maurice, son of George, a younger son of King Andrew I of Hungary. Maurice arrived in Scotland on the ship which brought Edgar Atheling, the Saxon claimant to the crown of England after the Norman Conquest, and his sister Margaret, to Scotland in 1068. Maurice was given lands in Lennox
(Dumbartonshire), together with the hereditary stewardship of the county. His successor John Drummond, the 7th Steward, was deprived of the lands and retired into Perthshire
.
John Drummond, Justiciar of Scotia
was created a Lord of Parliament
in 1487/8 by King James III of Scotland
. His direct descendant, James, Lord Drummond, Ambassador to Spain, was created Earl of Perth in 1605.
James Drummond, 4th Earl of Perth
was "attainted"
for supporting the Jacobite
s during the rising of 1715. He had been created Duke of Perth, Marquess of Drummond, Earl of Stobhall, Viscount Cargill, and Baron Concraig in 1701 by the exiled Jacobite
claimant
to the British thrones, recognised by adherents of the Royal Stuarts
as King James III and VIII
. This creation, in the Jacobite Peerage
, was never recognised by the de facto British government. He and his successors nonetheless continued to claim the Earldom together with the Dukedom. Upon the death of the sixth Duke in 1760, he was succeeded by a second cousin, descended from the younger brother of the 4th Earl and 1st Jacobite Duke, John Drummond, first Earl and Jacobite Duke of Melfort
, by his first wife. He, in turn, was succeeded by his third but only surviving son, as the 8th (Jacobite) Duke and 11th de jure Earl, who obtained in 1783 the restoration of the estates, forfeited as a result of the Jacobite rising of 1745
. He did not succeed, however, in removing the attainder
of 1716, but was created by George III
of the Hanoverian dynasty, in 1797, Lord Perth, Baron Drummond of Stobhall, in the Peerage of Great Britain
, which title became extinct on his death in 1800. He was succeeded, as 9th Jacobite Duke of Perth by his cousin, James Lewis Drummond, fourth Duke of Melfort, another holder of a Jacobite Dukedom. The 10th Duke, who also held the Melfort titles, was a prelate of Roman Catholic Church, known as the Abbé de Melfort. Upon his death in 1840, he was succeeded in his peerage titles by his nephew, George Drummond, who had embraced the Protestant faith.
In 1853, the sixth Duke of Melfort
, George Drummond, was by Act of Parliament deemed the 5th Earl of Perth, and the previous attainder was reversed. Drummond also dropped the use of the dukedom of Melfort, although he had been recognised in French law courts as the duc de Melfort, comte de Lussan and baron de Valrose. At his death in 1902, several titles held by him, such as the Earldom of Melfort
, became dormant because no-one could prove a claim to the title. The Earldom of Perth, however, as well as the titular Jacobite Dukedom, passed to William Huntly Drummond, 11th Viscount Strathallan
(his 7th cousin twice removed, i.e. great-great-great-great-great-great-great-great-grandson of the 2nd Lord Drummond). Because some writers do not count the de jure holders of the Earldom in the numbering, the 14th Earl is sometimes referred to as the 5th Earl, and so on. The present Earl of Perth considers himself the 18th holder of the title.
The subsidiary titles held by the Earl of Perth are: Viscount Strathallan
(created 1686), Lord Drummond of Cargill (1488), Lord Drummond of Stobhall (1605), Lord Maderty (1609) and Lord Drummond of Cromlix (1686). The title Viscount Strathallan is the courtesy title
of the Earl's eldest son and heir. All titles are in the Peerage of Scotland
.
The Earl of Perth is the hereditary Clan Chief
of Clan Drummond
.
The family seat remains at Stobhall, near Perth, Scotland
.
See genealogy of Drummond's
The heir apparent is James David Drummond, Viscount of Strathallan (b. 1965)
Formerly attainted title due to Jacobitism = °
Jacobite title = *
Peerage of Scotland
The Peerage of Scotland is the division of the British Peerage for those peers created in the Kingdom of Scotland before 1707. With that year's Act of Union, the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England were combined into the Kingdom of Great Britain, and a new Peerage of Great Britain was...
in 1605 for James Drummond, 4th Lord Drummond.
The Drummond family
Clan Drummond
Clan Drummond is a Scottish clan deriving its name from the parish of Drymen, in what was western Stirlingshire. Legend gives Maurice of Hungary as founder of the clan...
claim descent from Maurice, son of George, a younger son of King Andrew I of Hungary. Maurice arrived in Scotland on the ship which brought Edgar Atheling, the Saxon claimant to the crown of England after the Norman Conquest, and his sister Margaret, to Scotland in 1068. Maurice was given lands in Lennox
Lennox (district)
The district of Lennox , often known as "the Lennox", is a region of Scotland centred around the village of Lennoxtown in East Dunbartonshire, eight miles north of the centre of Glasgow. At various times in history, the district has had both a dukedom and earldom associated with it.- External...
(Dumbartonshire), together with the hereditary stewardship of the county. His successor John Drummond, the 7th Steward, was deprived of the lands and retired into Perthshire
Perthshire
Perthshire, officially the County of Perth , is a registration county in central Scotland. It extends from Strathmore in the east, to the Pass of Drumochter in the north, Rannoch Moor and Ben Lui in the west, and Aberfoyle in the south...
.
John Drummond, Justiciar of Scotia
Justiciar of Scotia
The Justiciar of Scotia was the most senior legal office in the High Medieval Kingdom of Scotland. Scotia in this context refers to Scotland to the north of the River Forth and River Clyde....
was created a Lord of Parliament
Lord of Parliament
A Lord of Parliament was the lowest rank of nobility automatically entitled to attend sessions of the pre-Union Parliament of Scotland. Post-Union, it is a member of the lowest rank of the Peerage of Scotland, ranking below a viscount...
in 1487/8 by King James III of Scotland
James III of Scotland
James III was King of Scots from 1460 to 1488. James was an unpopular and ineffective monarch owing to an unwillingness to administer justice fairly, a policy of pursuing alliance with the Kingdom of England, and a disastrous relationship with nearly all his extended family.His reputation as the...
. His direct descendant, James, Lord Drummond, Ambassador to Spain, was created Earl of Perth in 1605.
James Drummond, 4th Earl of Perth
James Drummond, 4th Earl of Perth
James Drummond, 1st Duke of Perth KT PC , also 4th Earl of Perth and 7th Lord Drummond, was a Scottish statesman, and Jacobite.-Family:...
was "attainted"
Attainder
In English criminal law, attainder or attinctura is the metaphorical 'stain' or 'corruption of blood' which arises from being condemned for a serious capital crime . It entails losing not only one's property and hereditary titles, but typically also the right to pass them on to one's heirs...
for supporting the Jacobite
Jacobitism
Jacobitism was the political movement in Britain dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England, Scotland, later the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the Kingdom of Ireland...
s during the rising of 1715. He had been created Duke of Perth, Marquess of Drummond, Earl of Stobhall, Viscount Cargill, and Baron Concraig in 1701 by the exiled Jacobite
Jacobitism
Jacobitism was the political movement in Britain dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England, Scotland, later the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the Kingdom of Ireland...
claimant
Pretender
A pretender is one who claims entitlement to an unavailable position of honour or rank. Most often it refers to a former monarch, or descendant thereof, whose throne is occupied or claimed by a rival, or has been abolished....
to the British thrones, recognised by adherents of the Royal Stuarts
House of Stuart
The House of Stuart is a European royal house. Founded by Robert II of Scotland, the Stewarts first became monarchs of the Kingdom of Scotland during the late 14th century, and subsequently held the position of the Kings of Great Britain and Ireland...
as King James III and VIII
James Francis Edward Stuart
James Francis Edward, Prince of Wales was the son of the deposed James II of England...
. This creation, in the Jacobite Peerage
Jacobite peerage
After the deposition by the English parliament in February 1689 of King James II and VII from the thrones of England and Ireland , he and his successors continued to create peers and baronets, which they believed was their right...
, was never recognised by the de facto British government. He and his successors nonetheless continued to claim the Earldom together with the Dukedom. Upon the death of the sixth Duke in 1760, he was succeeded by a second cousin, descended from the younger brother of the 4th Earl and 1st Jacobite Duke, John Drummond, first Earl and Jacobite Duke of Melfort
Earl of Melfort
The titles of Viscount of Melfort and Lord Drummond of Gillestoun were created in the Peerage of Scotland 14 April 1685 for John Drummond, second son of James Drummond, 3rd Earl of Perth, with remainder to the heirs male of his body by his second marriage , failing whom to the heirs male of his...
, by his first wife. He, in turn, was succeeded by his third but only surviving son, as the 8th (Jacobite) Duke and 11th de jure Earl, who obtained in 1783 the restoration of the estates, forfeited as a result of the Jacobite rising of 1745
Jacobite rising
The Jacobite Risings were a series of uprisings, rebellions, and wars in Great Britain and Ireland occurring between 1688 and 1746. The uprisings were aimed at returning James VII of Scotland and II of England, and later his descendants of the House of Stuart, to the throne after he was deposed by...
. He did not succeed, however, in removing the attainder
Attainder
In English criminal law, attainder or attinctura is the metaphorical 'stain' or 'corruption of blood' which arises from being condemned for a serious capital crime . It entails losing not only one's property and hereditary titles, but typically also the right to pass them on to one's heirs...
of 1716, but was created by George III
George III of the United Kingdom
George III was King of Great Britain and King of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of these two countries on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death...
of the Hanoverian dynasty, in 1797, Lord Perth, Baron Drummond of Stobhall, in the Peerage of Great Britain
Peerage of Great Britain
The Peerage of Great Britain comprises all extant peerages created in the Kingdom of Great Britain after the Act of Union 1707 but before the Act of Union 1800...
, which title became extinct on his death in 1800. He was succeeded, as 9th Jacobite Duke of Perth by his cousin, James Lewis Drummond, fourth Duke of Melfort, another holder of a Jacobite Dukedom. The 10th Duke, who also held the Melfort titles, was a prelate of Roman Catholic Church, known as the Abbé de Melfort. Upon his death in 1840, he was succeeded in his peerage titles by his nephew, George Drummond, who had embraced the Protestant faith.
In 1853, the sixth Duke of Melfort
Earl of Melfort
The titles of Viscount of Melfort and Lord Drummond of Gillestoun were created in the Peerage of Scotland 14 April 1685 for John Drummond, second son of James Drummond, 3rd Earl of Perth, with remainder to the heirs male of his body by his second marriage , failing whom to the heirs male of his...
, George Drummond, was by Act of Parliament deemed the 5th Earl of Perth, and the previous attainder was reversed. Drummond also dropped the use of the dukedom of Melfort, although he had been recognised in French law courts as the duc de Melfort, comte de Lussan and baron de Valrose. At his death in 1902, several titles held by him, such as the Earldom of Melfort
Earl of Melfort
The titles of Viscount of Melfort and Lord Drummond of Gillestoun were created in the Peerage of Scotland 14 April 1685 for John Drummond, second son of James Drummond, 3rd Earl of Perth, with remainder to the heirs male of his body by his second marriage , failing whom to the heirs male of his...
, became dormant because no-one could prove a claim to the title. The Earldom of Perth, however, as well as the titular Jacobite Dukedom, passed to William Huntly Drummond, 11th Viscount Strathallan
Viscount Strathallan
The title of Lord Maderty was created in 1609 for James Drummond, a younger son of the 2nd Lord Drummond of Cargill. The titles of Viscount Strathallan and Lord Drummond of Cromlix were created in 1686 for William Drummond, a younger son of the 2nd Lord Madderty...
(his 7th cousin twice removed, i.e. great-great-great-great-great-great-great-great-grandson of the 2nd Lord Drummond). Because some writers do not count the de jure holders of the Earldom in the numbering, the 14th Earl is sometimes referred to as the 5th Earl, and so on. The present Earl of Perth considers himself the 18th holder of the title.
The subsidiary titles held by the Earl of Perth are: Viscount Strathallan
Viscount Strathallan
The title of Lord Maderty was created in 1609 for James Drummond, a younger son of the 2nd Lord Drummond of Cargill. The titles of Viscount Strathallan and Lord Drummond of Cromlix were created in 1686 for William Drummond, a younger son of the 2nd Lord Madderty...
(created 1686), Lord Drummond of Cargill (1488), Lord Drummond of Stobhall (1605), Lord Maderty (1609) and Lord Drummond of Cromlix (1686). The title Viscount Strathallan is the courtesy title
Courtesy title
A courtesy title is a form of address in systems of nobility used for children, former wives and other close relatives of a peer. These styles are used 'by courtesy' in the sense that the relatives do not themselves hold substantive titles...
of the Earl's eldest son and heir. All titles are in the Peerage of Scotland
Peerage of Scotland
The Peerage of Scotland is the division of the British Peerage for those peers created in the Kingdom of Scotland before 1707. With that year's Act of Union, the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England were combined into the Kingdom of Great Britain, and a new Peerage of Great Britain was...
.
The Earl of Perth is the hereditary Clan Chief
Scottish clan chief
The Scottish Gaelic word clann means children. In early times, and possibly even today, clan members believed themselves to descend from a common ancestor, the founder of the Scottish clan. From its perceived founder a clan takes its name. The clan chief is the representative of this founder, and...
of Clan Drummond
Clan Drummond
Clan Drummond is a Scottish clan deriving its name from the parish of Drymen, in what was western Stirlingshire. Legend gives Maurice of Hungary as founder of the clan...
.
The family seat remains at Stobhall, near Perth, Scotland
Perth, Scotland
Perth is a town and former city and royal burgh in central Scotland. Located on the banks of the River Tay, it is the administrative centre of Perth and Kinross council area and the historic county town of Perthshire...
.
See genealogy of Drummond's
Lords Drummond of Cargill (1488)
- John Drummond, 1st Lord DrummondJohn Drummond, 1st Lord DrummondJohn Drummond, first Lord Drummond , was a Scottish statesman.Drummond, ninth successive knight of his family, was the eldest son of Sir Malcolm Drummond of Cargill and Stobhall, Perthshire, by his marriage with Mariota, eldest daughter of Sir David Murray of Tullibardine in the same county. He sat...
(1438–1519) - David Drummond, 2nd Lord Drummond (c. 1515–1571)
- Patrick Drummond, 3rd Lord Drummond (1550–1600)
- James Drummond, 4th Lord Drummond (d. 1611) (became Earl of Perth in 1605)
Earls of Perth, Lords Drummond of Stobhall (1605)
- James Drummond, 1st Earl of Perth (d. 1611)
- John Drummond, 2nd Earl of PerthJohn Drummond, 2nd Earl of Perth-Family and titles:Drummond was the son of Patrick Drummond, 3rd Lord Drummond and Lady Elizabeth Lindsay. He married Jean Kerr, daughter of Sir Robert Kerr, 1st Earl of Roxburghe and Mary Maitland, on 28 August 1613...
(d. 1662), 1st Earl's brother - James Drummond, 3rd Earl of Perth (c. 1615–1675), 2nd Earl's elder son.
- James Drummond, 4th Earl of PerthJames Drummond, 4th Earl of PerthJames Drummond, 1st Duke of Perth KT PC , also 4th Earl of Perth and 7th Lord Drummond, was a Scottish statesman, and Jacobite.-Family:...
(c. 1649–1716) (attainted), 3rd Earl's son.
Jacobite Dukes of Perth and claimants to the Earldom of Perth (1716–1853)
- James Drummond, 1st Duke of PerthJames Drummond, 4th Earl of PerthJames Drummond, 1st Duke of Perth KT PC , also 4th Earl of Perth and 7th Lord Drummond, was a Scottish statesman, and Jacobite.-Family:...
(c. 1649–1716) 4th Earl of Perth, created Duke of Perth in the Jacobite Peerage in 1701, non-Jacobite titles forfeited by attainderAttainderIn English criminal law, attainder or attinctura is the metaphorical 'stain' or 'corruption of blood' which arises from being condemned for a serious capital crime . It entails losing not only one's property and hereditary titles, but typically also the right to pass them on to one's heirs...
1716 - James Drummond, 2nd Duke of PerthJames Drummond, 2nd Duke of PerthJames Drummond, 2nd Duke of Perth, etc., of the Peerage created for his father, James Drummond, 4th Earl of Perth by the exiled Stuart monarchs at St Germain....
(d. 1720), 1st Duke's elder son - James Drummond, 3rd Duke of PerthJames Drummond, 3rd Duke of PerthJames Drummond, sixth Earl and third titular Duke of Perth , born 11 May 1713, was eldest son of James Drummond, fifth earl and second titular Duke of Perth and Lady Jane Gordon, daughter of George Gordon, 1st Duke of Gordon .....
(d. 1746), 2nd Duke's elder son - John Drummond, 4th Duke of PerthJohn Drummond, 4th Duke of PerthJohn Drummond , titular seventh Earl and fourth Duke of Perth, was a Scottish nobleman and Jacobite.John Drummond was the younger son of James Drummond, fifth earl and second titular Duke of Perth, and Lady Jane Gordon, daughter of George Gordon, 1st Duke of Gordon...
(d. 1747), 2nd Duke's 2nd son - John Drummond, 5th Duke of Perth (d. 1757), 1st Duke's 2nd son
- Edward Drummond, 6th Duke of Perth (d. 1760), 1st Duke's 3rd son
- James Lundin, after 1760, Drummond, 7th Duke of Perth (1707–1781), 1st Duke's grand-nephew by elder nephew
- James Drummond (formerly Lundin), 8th Duke of Perth (1744–1800), his son, Lord Perth, Baron Drummond of Stobhall
- James Louis Drummond, 4th Earl and Duke of Melfort and 9th Duke of Perth (1750–1800), 1st Duke's great-grand-nephew by younger nephew.
- Charles Edouard Drummond, 5th Earl and Duke of Melfort and 10th Duke of Perth (1752–1840), "Abbé de Melfort", his brother
- George Drummond, 6th Earl and Duke of Melfort and 11th Duke of Perth (1807–1902), his nephew, recognised by the Committee of Privilege of the House of Lords as the "5th Earl of Perth" in 1853, being the titular 14th Earl in the Jacobite peerage.
Earls of Perth (1605, restored 1853)
- George Drummond, 5th Earl of Perth, Lord Drummond of Stobhall, Lord Drummond of Cargill (1807–1902) (restored 1853)
- William Huntly Drummond, 11th Viscount of Strathallan and 6th Earl of Perth (1871–1937), titular (Jacobite) 12th Duke of Perth
- He is a descendant of David Drummond, 2nd Lord Drummond's younger son, James Drummond, 1st Lord Madderty, see Viscount StrathallanViscount StrathallanThe title of Lord Maderty was created in 1609 for James Drummond, a younger son of the 2nd Lord Drummond of Cargill. The titles of Viscount Strathallan and Lord Drummond of Cromlix were created in 1686 for William Drummond, a younger son of the 2nd Lord Madderty...
.
- He is a descendant of David Drummond, 2nd Lord Drummond's younger son, James Drummond, 1st Lord Madderty, see Viscount Strathallan
- James Eric Drummond, 7th Earl of PerthEric Drummond, 7th Earl of PerthJames Eric Drummond, 16th Earl of Perth, GCMG, CB was a Scottish representative peer, a British diplomat and the first Secretary General of the League of Nations...
(1876–1951), titular (Jacobite) 13th Duke of Perth, 12th Viscount of Strathallan - John David Drummond, 8th Earl of PerthJohn Drummond, 8th Earl of PerthJohn David Drummond, 17th Earl of Perth PC was a Scottish peer, banker and politician. Because of the history of the Earldom of Perth , he is sometimes considered the 8th Earl of Perth....
(1907–2002), titular (Jacobite) 14th Duke of Perth, 13th Viscount of Strathallan - John Eric Drummond, 9th Earl of Perth (b. 1935), titular (Jacobite) 15th Duke of Perth, 14th Viscount of Strathallan
The heir apparent is James David Drummond, Viscount of Strathallan (b. 1965)
The current Earl
John Eric Drummond, 9th Earl of Perth is according to| Official Succession | Jacobite Succession | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perth Heritage | Strahallan Heritage | Perth Heritage | Strahallan Heritage | |
| 15th Duke of Perth * | ||||
| 15th Marquess of Drummond * | ||||
| 9th Earl of Perth ° | 18th Earl of Perth | |||
| 15th Earl of Stobhall * | ||||
| 15th Viscount Cargill * | ||||
| 12th Viscount of Strathallan ° | 14th Viscount of Strathallan | |||
| 15th Baron Concraig * | ||||
| 12th Lord Drummond of Cargill ° | 21th Lord Drummond of Cargill | |||
| 14th Lord Maderty ° | 16th Lord Maderty | |||
| 12th Lord Drummond of Cromlix ° | 14th Lord Drummond of Cromlix | |||
| 9th Lord Drummond of Stobhall | 18th Lord Drummond of Stobhall | |||
Formerly attainted title due to Jacobitism = °
Jacobite title = *