Economic Liberalism and Democratic Action for National Recovery
Encyclopedia
Economic Liberalism and Democratic Action for National Recovery (Libéralisme Économique et Action Démocratique pour la Reconstruction Nationale, or LEADER-Fanilo) is a political party
in Madagascar
. The party was founded by Herizo Razafimahaleo
in June 1992; since his death in 2008, it has been led by Manassé Esoavelomandroso.
After the June 1993 parliamentary election
, LEADER-Fanilo joined the government of Prime Minister Francisque Ravony
in August, but Razafimahaleo resigned from the government in July 1994 and the other LEADER-Fanilo ministers resigned in May 1995. Razafimahaleo was a candidate in the November 1996 presidential election
, placing third with 15.13% of the vote. The party backed Didier Ratsiraka
in the second round of the 1996 presidential election
, held in December, and after his victory LEADER-Fanilo joined the government again in February 1997. The party won 16 seats in the June 1998 parliamentary election
, the second highest number of any party. Razafimahaleo, who had been Deputy Prime Minister, subsequently left the government, although the party continued to participate in it. Razafimahaleo was the party's candidate again in the December 2001 presidential election
. He resigned as President of the party in May 2002 and left the political scene.
In the parliamentary election
held on 15 December 2002, the party won 3.3 % of the popular vote and 2 out of 160 seats.
Razafimahaleo returned to active politics in 2006 and contested that year's presidential election
as the LEADER-Fanilo candidate, winning 9.03% of the vote. In the September 2007 parliamentary election
, the party won one seat: that of Befandriana Nord constituency, won by Jonah Parfait Prezaly. Razafimahaleo died in July 2008. At the time of his death, the party's Secretary-General was Manassé Esoavelomandroso.
Following Razafimahaleo's death, LEADER-Fanilo's national council chose Esoavelomandroso as the party's National President in early September 2008, while four vice-presidents were also chosen to assist him in his work: Jean Max Rakotomamonjy, Benja Razafimahaleo
, Constance Razafimily, and Eloi Beandaza. Alain Rakotomavo was chosen as Secretary-General.
Literally, Fanilo means torch, but it is also metaphorically used for a spokesman.
Political party
A political party is a political organization that typically seeks to influence government policy, usually by nominating their own candidates and trying to seat them in political office. Parties participate in electoral campaigns, educational outreach or protest actions...
in Madagascar
Madagascar
The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...
. The party was founded by Herizo Razafimahaleo
Herizo Razafimahaleo
Herizo Jossicher Razafimahaleo was a politician in Madagascar. He ran for President three times, and he served as Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister from 1997 to 1998....
in June 1992; since his death in 2008, it has been led by Manassé Esoavelomandroso.
After the June 1993 parliamentary election
Malagasy parliamentary election, 1993
Parliamentary elections were held in Madagascar on 16 June 1993, the first following the approval of a new constitution in a referendum that reintroduced full multi-party democracy the previous year....
, LEADER-Fanilo joined the government of Prime Minister Francisque Ravony
Francisque Ravony
Francisque Ravony was a Malagasy lawyer and politician. He was a key political figure in Madagascar during the late 1980s and 1990s...
in August, but Razafimahaleo resigned from the government in July 1994 and the other LEADER-Fanilo ministers resigned in May 1995. Razafimahaleo was a candidate in the November 1996 presidential election
Malagasy presidential election, 1996
Presidential elections were held in Madagascar on 3 November 1996, with a second round on 29 December 1996. The election followed the impeachment of incumbent President Albert Zafy and the appointment of his interim successor, Norbert Ratsirahonana....
, placing third with 15.13% of the vote. The party backed Didier Ratsiraka
Didier Ratsiraka
Vice Admiral Didier Ratsiraka is a Malagasy politician who was President of Madagascar from 1975 to 1993 and from 1997 to 2002.-Second Republic:...
in the second round of the 1996 presidential election
Malagasy presidential election, 1996
Presidential elections were held in Madagascar on 3 November 1996, with a second round on 29 December 1996. The election followed the impeachment of incumbent President Albert Zafy and the appointment of his interim successor, Norbert Ratsirahonana....
, held in December, and after his victory LEADER-Fanilo joined the government again in February 1997. The party won 16 seats in the June 1998 parliamentary election
Malagasy parliamentary election, 1998
Parliamentary elections were held in Madagascar on 17 May 1998. AREMA, the party led by President Didier Ratsiraka, emerged as the largest faction in the National Assembly, winning 32 of the 150 seats. However, independent candidates won more seats than any party.-Results:...
, the second highest number of any party. Razafimahaleo, who had been Deputy Prime Minister, subsequently left the government, although the party continued to participate in it. Razafimahaleo was the party's candidate again in the December 2001 presidential election
Malagasy presidential election, 2001
Presidential elections were held in Madagascar on 16 December 2001. Initial results suggested a second round was necessary, with neither of the main candidates, incumbent President Didier Ratsiraka and Marc Ravalomanana. However, Ravalomanana rejected the results and declared himself President in...
. He resigned as President of the party in May 2002 and left the political scene.
In the parliamentary election
Malagasy parliamentary election, 2002
Parliamentary elections were held in Madagascar on 15 December 2002. They were won by the Tiako I Madagasikara party of President Marc Ravalomanana, which took 103 of the 160 seats. Voter turnout was 67.86% of the 5,844,564 registered voters.-Results:...
held on 15 December 2002, the party won 3.3 % of the popular vote and 2 out of 160 seats.
Razafimahaleo returned to active politics in 2006 and contested that year's presidential election
Malagasy presidential election, 2006
Presidential elections were held in Madagascar on 3 December 2006. President Marc Ravalomanana, in office since he prevailed in a dispute over election results in 2002, ran for re-election...
as the LEADER-Fanilo candidate, winning 9.03% of the vote. In the September 2007 parliamentary election
Malagasy parliamentary election, 2007
A parliamentary election was held in Madagascar on 23 September 2007, with the vote to be repeated in two constituencies on 14 November 2007. 637 candidates contested the election, in which the 127 seats in the National Assembly were at stake....
, the party won one seat: that of Befandriana Nord constituency, won by Jonah Parfait Prezaly. Razafimahaleo died in July 2008. At the time of his death, the party's Secretary-General was Manassé Esoavelomandroso.
Following Razafimahaleo's death, LEADER-Fanilo's national council chose Esoavelomandroso as the party's National President in early September 2008, while four vice-presidents were also chosen to assist him in his work: Jean Max Rakotomamonjy, Benja Razafimahaleo
Benja Razafimahaleo
Benja Razafimahaleo is a Malagasy politician who served as Minister of Finance in the government of Madagascar from March 2009 to September 2009....
, Constance Razafimily, and Eloi Beandaza. Alain Rakotomavo was chosen as Secretary-General.
Literally, Fanilo means torch, but it is also metaphorically used for a spokesman.