Elections in Ukraine
Encyclopedia
Elections in Ukraine gives information on election
and election results in Ukraine
.
Ukraine elects on national level a head of state
(president
) and a legislature
. The president is elected for a five-year term by the people. The Verkhovna Rada
(Parliament of Ukraine) has 450 members, elected for a 5-year term (before a constitutional reform of 2004 this term was equal to 4 years).
Before 1998 all the members of the Parliament were elected by single-seat constituencies (from each electoral district). In 1998 and in 2002 half of the members were elected by proportional representation
(faction vote) and the other half by single-seat constituencies. Since the 2006 parliamentary election
, all 450 members of the Verkhovna Rada are elected by party-list proportional representation
with closed list
s (the same goes for local elections). But in the upcoming 2012 parliamentary election a mixed election system (50% under party lists and 50% under constituencies) will be used. The parliamentary election law has been changed 4 times since 1991.
Ukraine has a multi-party system
, with numerous parties
in which often not a single party has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties
must work with each other to form coalition government
s.
Representative bodies and heads of local government
throughout Ukraine are elected simultaneously with the Verkhovna Rada.
A snap poll must have a voter turnout
higher than 50%.
Since 1994 the average voter turnout for the Verkhovna Rada elections has been 68.13% and for presidential elections 73%.
The most popular presidential elections were the first one in 1991 where voted nearly 30.6 millions people and in 2004 election which gathered some 28 millions. There were only three presidential candidates who have gathered over 10 millions votes: Leonid Kravchuk
(1991 - 19.6, 1994 - 10.0), Viktor Yushchenko
(2004 - 11.1), and Viktor Yanukovych
(2004 - 11.0). The 10 million voters mark was almost reached by Leonid Kuchma
in 1999, but he only managed to gain trust of 9.6 millions. To this day Kravchuk is the only presidential candidate who managed to win the elections after the first round obtaining over 50% of votes in 1991. Most often participant of presidential elections is Oleksandr Moroz
who took part in every presidential election since 1994 when he gained the biggest support of some 3.5 millions, while in 2010 for him voted less than .1 million. Viktor Yanukiovych became the strongest runner-up in the history of presidential elections, while Leonid Kuchma - the only runner-up of the first round who managed to pull a win in the second one. Thus far the top two presidential candidates always would get support of over 5 million voters each.
Despite a clear system for declaring donations to campaign funds, officials and experts say that Ukraine’s election law is consistently flouted, with spending from candidates’ official funds representing only a fraction of the amount truly spent while it’s rarely clear where the funding comes from.
Early May 2009 the "The Committee of Voters of Ukraine" stated they believe that the use of the state’s administrative resource
s by political forces for their own national and local election campaigns is no longer a decisive factor in the outcome of Ukrainian elections. According to a survey of 2,000 people conducted in October 2010 by two Ukrainian nongovernmental organizations, the Democratic Initiatives Fund and OPORA, one in five Ukrainians were willing to sell his or her vote in the then upcoming 2010 Ukrainian local elections. But according to (then) Ukrainian Prime Minister Mykola Azarov
these elections "were absolutely without the use of administrative resources, naturally. Nobody interfered with our citizens."
Voting analysis shows that during Ukrainian election there are traditional geographical voting patterns. Viktor Yanukovych
(and his Party of the Regions) and Yulia Tymoshenko
(and her party Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko) have been since about 2005 the main players in Ukrainian politics. Yanukovych traditional base of support is east
and south Ukraine, whereas Tymoshenko traditional base of support is west
and central Ukraine. Although this geographical division is decreasing.
A 2010 study by the Institute of Social and Political Psychology of Ukraine found that in general, Yulia Tymoshenko supporters are more optimistic compared with Viktor Yanukovych supporters. 46 percent of the Tymoshenko’s backers expect improvement in their well-being in the next year compared to 30 percent for Yanukovych.
, 50% on party list and 50% winners in electoral Constituencies with a 5% election threshold and the participation of blocs of political parties will not be allowed no more.
, 50% on party list and 50% winners in electoral Constituencies. Party of Regions
won most places, followed by All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland". The Ukrainian nationalistic party Svoboda achieved notable success in Eastern Galicia.
(Including the Socialist Party of Ukraine
the support of 2.86%) was only 7%.
The 20% difference shows a consolidation of voter's support towards major political parties. This fact needs to be taken into consideration when making any assessment as to the positive swing recorded for Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko, Party of Regions
, The Communist Party of Ukraine
and Bloc Lytvyn. The Our Ukraine
bloc merged with the new party "People's Self-Defence" but only recorded a marginal gain in the overall percentage of the vote representing a reduction of 236964 votes in comparison with the 2006 data.
Further review of the regional vote shows a consolidation of the vote by Yulia Tymoshenko
in regions in which her party already maintained strong support. Apart from the Socialist Party of Ukraine and a marginal gain by Our Ukraine all major political parties recorded an increase in the overall percentage the voter support when comparing the 2006 to 2007 results.
The other fact that needs to also be considered is that in 2006 the participation rate
was 67% and in 2007 the participation rate dropped down to 62%.
in second round.
Summary of 1994 Ukraine presidential election results
was elected president in first round with 61.59% of votes. Second was Viacheslav Chornovil with 23.27% of votes. Third place took Levko Lukyanenko
with 4.49%
Election
An election is a formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy operates since the 17th century. Elections may fill offices in the legislature, sometimes in the...
and election results in Ukraine
Politics of Ukraine
Politics of Ukraine take place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the Cabinet. Legislative power is vested in the parliament...
.
Ukraine elects on national level a head of state
Head of State
A head of state is the individual that serves as the chief public representative of a monarchy, republic, federation, commonwealth or other kind of state. His or her role generally includes legitimizing the state and exercising the political powers, functions, and duties granted to the head of...
(president
President
A president is a leader of an organization, company, trade union, university, or country.Etymologically, a president is one who presides, who sits in leadership...
) and a legislature
Legislature
A legislature is a kind of deliberative assembly with the power to pass, amend, and repeal laws. The law created by a legislature is called legislation or statutory law. In addition to enacting laws, legislatures usually have exclusive authority to raise or lower taxes and adopt the budget and...
. The president is elected for a five-year term by the people. The Verkhovna Rada
Verkhovna Rada
The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine is Ukraine's parliament. The Verkhovna Rada is a unicameral parliament composed of 450 deputies, which is presided over by a chairman...
(Parliament of Ukraine) has 450 members, elected for a 5-year term (before a constitutional reform of 2004 this term was equal to 4 years).
Before 1998 all the members of the Parliament were elected by single-seat constituencies (from each electoral district). In 1998 and in 2002 half of the members were elected by proportional representation
Proportional representation
Proportional representation is a concept in voting systems used to elect an assembly or council. PR means that the number of seats won by a party or group of candidates is proportionate to the number of votes received. For example, under a PR voting system if 30% of voters support a particular...
(faction vote) and the other half by single-seat constituencies. Since the 2006 parliamentary election
Ukrainian parliamentary election, 2006
The Ukrainian parliamentary election took place on March 26, 2006. Election campaigning officially began on July 7, 2005. Between November 26 and December 31, 2005 party lists of candidates were formed....
, all 450 members of the Verkhovna Rada are elected by party-list proportional representation
Party-list proportional representation
Party-list proportional representation systems are a family of voting systems emphasizing proportional representation in elections in which multiple candidates are elected...
with closed list
Closed list
Closed list describes the variant of party-list proportional representation where voters can only vote for political parties as a whole and thus have no influence on the party-supplied order in which party candidates are elected...
s (the same goes for local elections). But in the upcoming 2012 parliamentary election a mixed election system (50% under party lists and 50% under constituencies) will be used. The parliamentary election law has been changed 4 times since 1991.
Ukraine has a multi-party system
Multi-party system
A multi-party system is a system in which multiple political parties have the capacity to gain control of government separately or in coalition, e.g.The Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition in the United Kingdom formed in 2010. The effective number of parties in a multi-party system is normally...
, with numerous parties
Political Parties
Political Parties: A Sociological Study of the Oligarchical Tendencies of Modern Democracy is a book by sociologist Robert Michels, published in 1911 , and first introducing the concept of iron law of oligarchy...
in which often not a single party has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties
Political Parties
Political Parties: A Sociological Study of the Oligarchical Tendencies of Modern Democracy is a book by sociologist Robert Michels, published in 1911 , and first introducing the concept of iron law of oligarchy...
must work with each other to form coalition government
Coalition government
A coalition government is a cabinet of a parliamentary government in which several political parties cooperate. The usual reason given for this arrangement is that no party on its own can achieve a majority in the parliament...
s.
Representative bodies and heads of local government
Local government
Local government refers collectively to administrative authorities over areas that are smaller than a state.The term is used to contrast with offices at nation-state level, which are referred to as the central government, national government, or federal government...
throughout Ukraine are elected simultaneously with the Verkhovna Rada.
A snap poll must have a voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
higher than 50%.
Since 1994 the average voter turnout for the Verkhovna Rada elections has been 68.13% and for presidential elections 73%.
The most popular presidential elections were the first one in 1991 where voted nearly 30.6 millions people and in 2004 election which gathered some 28 millions. There were only three presidential candidates who have gathered over 10 millions votes: Leonid Kravchuk
Leonid Kravchuk
Leonid Makarovych Kravchuk is a Ukrainian politician, the first President of Ukraine serving from December 5, 1991 until his resignation on July 19, 1994, a former Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada and People's Deputy of Ukraine serving in the Social Democratic Party of Ukraine faction.After a...
(1991 - 19.6, 1994 - 10.0), Viktor Yushchenko
Viktor Yushchenko
Viktor Andriyovych Yushchenko is a former President of Ukraine. He took office on January 23, 2005, following a period of popular unrest known as the Orange Revolution...
(2004 - 11.1), and Viktor Yanukovych
Viktor Yanukovych
Viktor Fedorovych Yanukovych is a Ukrainian politician who has been the President of Ukraine since February 2010.Yanukovych served as the Governor of Donetsk Oblast from 1997 to 2002...
(2004 - 11.0). The 10 million voters mark was almost reached by Leonid Kuchma
Leonid Kuchma
Leonid Danylovych Kuchma was the second President of independent Ukraine from 19 July 1994, to 23 January 2005. Kuchma took office after winning the 1994 presidential election against his rival, incumbent Leonid Kravchuk...
in 1999, but he only managed to gain trust of 9.6 millions. To this day Kravchuk is the only presidential candidate who managed to win the elections after the first round obtaining over 50% of votes in 1991. Most often participant of presidential elections is Oleksandr Moroz
Oleksandr Moroz
Oleksandr Oleksandrovych Moroz is a Ukrainian statesman and politician. He was the Speaker of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine twice: July 2006 to September 2007, and previously in 1994 through 1998. Moroz is one of the founders and leader of the Socialist Party of Ukraine, which was an influential...
who took part in every presidential election since 1994 when he gained the biggest support of some 3.5 millions, while in 2010 for him voted less than .1 million. Viktor Yanukiovych became the strongest runner-up in the history of presidential elections, while Leonid Kuchma - the only runner-up of the first round who managed to pull a win in the second one. Thus far the top two presidential candidates always would get support of over 5 million voters each.
Despite a clear system for declaring donations to campaign funds, officials and experts say that Ukraine’s election law is consistently flouted, with spending from candidates’ official funds representing only a fraction of the amount truly spent while it’s rarely clear where the funding comes from.
Early May 2009 the "The Committee of Voters of Ukraine" stated they believe that the use of the state’s administrative resource
Administrative resource
Administrative resource is the ability of political candidates to use their official positions or connections to government institutions to influence the outcome of elections....
s by political forces for their own national and local election campaigns is no longer a decisive factor in the outcome of Ukrainian elections. According to a survey of 2,000 people conducted in October 2010 by two Ukrainian nongovernmental organizations, the Democratic Initiatives Fund and OPORA, one in five Ukrainians were willing to sell his or her vote in the then upcoming 2010 Ukrainian local elections. But according to (then) Ukrainian Prime Minister Mykola Azarov
Mykola Azarov
Mykola Yanovych Azarov ; born Nikolai Yanovich Pakhlo on 17 December 1947, is a Ukrainian politician who has been the Prime Minister of Ukraine since 11 March 2010. He was the First Vice Prime Minister and Finance Minister from 2002 to 2005 and again from 2006 to 2007, and he also served as acting...
these elections "were absolutely without the use of administrative resources, naturally. Nobody interfered with our citizens."
Voting analysis shows that during Ukrainian election there are traditional geographical voting patterns. Viktor Yanukovych
Viktor Yanukovych
Viktor Fedorovych Yanukovych is a Ukrainian politician who has been the President of Ukraine since February 2010.Yanukovych served as the Governor of Donetsk Oblast from 1997 to 2002...
(and his Party of the Regions) and Yulia Tymoshenko
Yulia Tymoshenko
Yulia Volodymyrivna Tymoshenko , née Grigyan , born 27 November 1960, is a Ukrainian politician. She was the Prime Minister of Ukraine from 24 January to 8 September 2005, and again from 18 December 2007 to 4 March 2010. She placed third in Forbes Magazine's List of The World's 100 Most Powerful...
(and her party Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko) have been since about 2005 the main players in Ukrainian politics. Yanukovych traditional base of support is east
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
and south Ukraine, whereas Tymoshenko traditional base of support is west
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
and central Ukraine. Although this geographical division is decreasing.
A 2010 study by the Institute of Social and Political Psychology of Ukraine found that in general, Yulia Tymoshenko supporters are more optimistic compared with Viktor Yanukovych supporters. 46 percent of the Tymoshenko’s backers expect improvement in their well-being in the next year compared to 30 percent for Yanukovych.
2012 parliament elections
Next parliament elections in Ukraine are set for October 28, 2012. Candidates will be elected using a mixed voting systemVoting system
A voting system or electoral system is a method by which voters make a choice between options, often in an election or on a policy referendum....
, 50% on party list and 50% winners in electoral Constituencies with a 5% election threshold and the participation of blocs of political parties will not be allowed no more.
2010 local election
Local elections for local government were held on October 31, 2010. Candidates were elected in mixed voting systemVoting system
A voting system or electoral system is a method by which voters make a choice between options, often in an election or on a policy referendum....
, 50% on party list and 50% winners in electoral Constituencies. Party of Regions
Party of Regions
The Party of Regions is an Ukrainian political party created on October 26, 1997 just prior to the 1998 Ukrainian parliamentary elections under the name of Party of Regional Revival of Ukraine. It was reformed later in 2001 when the party united with several others...
won most places, followed by All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland". The Ukrainian nationalistic party Svoboda achieved notable success in Eastern Galicia.
2010 presidential election
Electoral Maps
2007 parliamentary election
Electoral Maps
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Election results compared with the previous Ukrainian parliamentary election
In 2006, 27% of the registered vote represented support for minor parties that received less than the 3% statutory representation threshold. In 2007 the number of voters that supported minor parties that received less than the 3% statutory thresholdElection threshold
In party-list proportional representation systems, an election threshold is a clause that stipulates that a party must receive a minimum percentage of votes, either nationally or within a particular district, to obtain any seats in the parliament...
(Including the Socialist Party of Ukraine
Socialist Party of Ukraine
The Socialist Party of Ukraine is a Socialist political party in Ukraine and part of the Verkhovna Rada from 1994 to 2007.It is one of the oldest parties and was created by the former members of the Communist Party of Ukraine in late 1991 when the Communist Party was banned...
the support of 2.86%) was only 7%.
The 20% difference shows a consolidation of voter's support towards major political parties. This fact needs to be taken into consideration when making any assessment as to the positive swing recorded for Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko, Party of Regions
Party of Regions
The Party of Regions is an Ukrainian political party created on October 26, 1997 just prior to the 1998 Ukrainian parliamentary elections under the name of Party of Regional Revival of Ukraine. It was reformed later in 2001 when the party united with several others...
, The Communist Party of Ukraine
Communist Party of Ukraine
The Communist Party of Ukraine is a political party in Ukraine, currently led by Petro Symonenko.The party fights the Ukrainian national self-determination by identifying any Ukrainian national parties as the National-Fascist ones The Communist Party of Ukraine is a political party in Ukraine,...
and Bloc Lytvyn. The Our Ukraine
Our Ukraine
The Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc is an electoral alliance active in Ukraine, associated with former President Viktor Yushchenko. Since 2005, the bloc has been dominated by a core consisting of the People's Union "Our Ukraine" party and five smaller partner parties.The Our Ukraine Bloc is...
bloc merged with the new party "People's Self-Defence" but only recorded a marginal gain in the overall percentage of the vote representing a reduction of 236964 votes in comparison with the 2006 data.
Further review of the regional vote shows a consolidation of the vote by Yulia Tymoshenko
Yulia Tymoshenko
Yulia Volodymyrivna Tymoshenko , née Grigyan , born 27 November 1960, is a Ukrainian politician. She was the Prime Minister of Ukraine from 24 January to 8 September 2005, and again from 18 December 2007 to 4 March 2010. She placed third in Forbes Magazine's List of The World's 100 Most Powerful...
in regions in which her party already maintained strong support. Apart from the Socialist Party of Ukraine and a marginal gain by Our Ukraine all major political parties recorded an increase in the overall percentage the voter support when comparing the 2006 to 2007 results.
The other fact that needs to also be considered is that in 2006 the participation rate
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
was 67% and in 2007 the participation rate dropped down to 62%.
Charts 2007
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Charts 2006
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2006 parliamentary election
Electoral maps
2004 presidential election
Electoral Maps
2002 parliamentary election
1999 presidential election
Summary of 1999 Ukraine presidential election results| Candidates — Nominating parties | Votes (1st round) | % | Votes (2nd round) | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leonid Kuchma Leonid Kuchma Leonid Danylovych Kuchma was the second President of independent Ukraine from 19 July 1994, to 23 January 2005. Kuchma took office after winning the 1994 presidential election against his rival, incumbent Leonid Kravchuk... — Independent |
9,598,672 | 36.49 | 15,870,722 | 56.25 |
| Petro Symonenko Petro Symonenko Petro Mykolayovych Symonenko is a Ukrainian politician and the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Ukraine. Symonenko was the Communist Party's candidate in both the 1999 and 2004 presidential elections. During the Ukrainian presidential election, 2010 he was the candidate of the Election... — KPU Communist Party of Ukraine The Communist Party of Ukraine is a political party in Ukraine, currently led by Petro Symonenko.The party fights the Ukrainian national self-determination by identifying any Ukrainian national parties as the National-Fascist ones The Communist Party of Ukraine is a political party in Ukraine,... |
5,849,077 | 22.24 | 10,665,420 | 37.80 |
| Oleksandr Moroz Oleksandr Moroz Oleksandr Oleksandrovych Moroz is a Ukrainian statesman and politician. He was the Speaker of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine twice: July 2006 to September 2007, and previously in 1994 through 1998. Moroz is one of the founders and leader of the Socialist Party of Ukraine, which was an influential... — SPU Socialist Party of Ukraine The Socialist Party of Ukraine is a Socialist political party in Ukraine and part of the Verkhovna Rada from 1994 to 2007.It is one of the oldest parties and was created by the former members of the Communist Party of Ukraine in late 1991 when the Communist Party was banned... |
2,969,896 | 11.29 | ||
| Nataliya Vitrenko Nataliya Vitrenko Nataliya Mikhailivna Vitrenko is a Ukrainian politician and scientist. She has a Ph.D in Statistics and Dr. of Social Sciences. She is a mother of three children.-Presidential candidacy:... — PSPU Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine -Ideology:The party favoures Ukraine's full-scale entry in the Eurasian Economic Community ; the protection of the non-aligned status of Ukraine; abolition of NATO exercises in Ukraine; giving the Russian language status as official language along with Ukrainian; annulment of former President... |
2,886,972 | 10.97 | ||
| Yevhen Marchuk Yevhen Marchuk Yevhen K. Marchuk , born on January 28, 1941, is a Ukrainian statesman and politician. During his career, Marchuk was prime minister of Ukraine, presidential candidate, secretary of the National Security and Defense Council, and Defense Minister of Ukraine. Marchuk is affiliated with the Ukrainian... — Yevhen Marchuk Bloc |
2,138,356 | 8.13 | ||
| Yuriy Kostenko Yuriy Kostenko Yuriy Kostenko is a Ukrainian politician and leader of the Ukrainian People's Party.Kostenko holds a Ph.D from the Zaporizhia Institute of Engineering. In 1989, he became one of the founders of Rukh and has been a Member of the Verkhovna Rada since 1990 . In 2002 as a member of Our Ukraine... — Independent |
570,623 | 2.17 | ||
| Hennadiy Udovenko Hennadiy Udovenko Hennadiy Yosypovych Udovenko is a Ukrainian politician and diplomat. He has served as Minister for Foreign Affairs of Ukraine, has been the 52nd President of the United Nations General Assembly and Member of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine . He is from Dnipropetrovsk Oblast... — NRU(Rukh) People's Movement of Ukraine The People's Movement of Ukraine is a Ukrainian center-right political party... |
319,778 | 1.22 | ||
| Vasyl Onopenko — SDPU | 124,040 | 0.47 | ||
| Oleksandr Rzhavskyy Oleksandr Rzhavskyy Oleksander Mykolayovych Rzhavsky was a candidate in the 2004 Ukrainian presidential election, nominated by the "United Family" Party, of which he is the head. Presidential candidate in 1999, when he won 0.37% of the votes, and finished in 9th place. He was vice-chair of the board of... — One Kinship |
96,515 | 0.37 | ||
| Yuriy Karmazin — Party of Fatherland Defenders | 90,793 | 0.35 | ||
| Vitaliy Kononov Vitaliy Kononov Vitaly Mykolayovych Kononov was a candidate in the 2004 Ukrainian presidential election, nominated by the Green Party of Ukraine, which he then chaired. He was a national deputy of Ukraine, has worked on youth politics issues, physical training issues, and sports issues. Since 1999, he has been a... — Green Party Party of Greens of Ukraine The Party of Greens of Ukraine is a Ukrainian political green party founded in 1990 and registered in May 1991.The party is a successor of the Green World Association and under that name participated in the Ukrainian parliamentary elections of 1990 as part of the Democratic Bloc... |
76,832 | 0.29 | ||
| Oleksandr Bazyliuk — Slav Party | 36,012 | 0.14 | ||
| Mykola Haber — Patriotic Party of Ukraine | 31,829 | 0.12 | ||
| Ivan Bilas — CUN Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists The Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists is a right-wing political party in Ukraine. It was founded on October 18, 1992 and registered with the Ministry of Justice on January 26, 1993. The party leader from its formation and until her death in 2003 was Yaroslava Stetsko .-History:During the 1998... |
disquilified | 0 | ||
| Against all | 477,019 | 1.81 | 970,181 | 3.44 |
| Total | 25,266,414 | 100 | 27,506,323 | 100 |
1998 parliamentary election
1994 presidential election
Second elections in independent Ukraine were won by Leonid KuchmaLeonid Kuchma
Leonid Danylovych Kuchma was the second President of independent Ukraine from 19 July 1994, to 23 January 2005. Kuchma took office after winning the 1994 presidential election against his rival, incumbent Leonid Kravchuk...
in second round.
Summary of 1994 Ukraine presidential election results
| Candidates — Nominating parties | Votes (1st round) | % | Votes (2nd round) | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leonid Kravchuk Leonid Kravchuk Leonid Makarovych Kravchuk is a Ukrainian politician, the first President of Ukraine serving from December 5, 1991 until his resignation on July 19, 1994, a former Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada and People's Deputy of Ukraine serving in the Social Democratic Party of Ukraine faction.After a... - Independent |
9,977,766 | 38.36 | 12,111,603 | 45.06 |
| Leonid Kuchma Leonid Kuchma Leonid Danylovych Kuchma was the second President of independent Ukraine from 19 July 1994, to 23 January 2005. Kuchma took office after winning the 1994 presidential election against his rival, incumbent Leonid Kravchuk... - Independent |
8,107,626 | 31.17 | 14,016,850 | 52.15 |
| Oleksandr Moroz Oleksandr Moroz Oleksandr Oleksandrovych Moroz is a Ukrainian statesman and politician. He was the Speaker of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine twice: July 2006 to September 2007, and previously in 1994 through 1998. Moroz is one of the founders and leader of the Socialist Party of Ukraine, which was an influential... - Socialist Party of Ukraine Socialist Party of Ukraine The Socialist Party of Ukraine is a Socialist political party in Ukraine and part of the Verkhovna Rada from 1994 to 2007.It is one of the oldest parties and was created by the former members of the Communist Party of Ukraine in late 1991 when the Communist Party was banned... |
3,466,541 | 13.33 | ||
| Volodymyr Lanoviy - Independent | 2,483,986 | 9.55 | ||
| Valeriy Babych - Independent | 644,263 | 2.48 | ||
| Ivan Plyushch Ivan Plyushch Ivan Stepanovych Plyushch is a Ukrainian politician. He thrice served as the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada , from July 9, through July 23, 1990 , from December 5, 1991 through May 11, 1994 and from February 1, 2000 through May 14, 2002.-Biography:Ivan Plyushch was born on September 11, 1941 in... - Independent |
321,886 | 1.24 | ||
| Petro Talanchuk - Independent | 143,361 | 0.55 | ||
| Against all | 892,740 | 3.43 | 551,380 | 2.80 |
| Total | 26,010,173 | 100 | 26,784,552 | 100 |
1991 presidential election
On first presidential elections in Ukraine, Leonid KravchukLeonid Kravchuk
Leonid Makarovych Kravchuk is a Ukrainian politician, the first President of Ukraine serving from December 5, 1991 until his resignation on July 19, 1994, a former Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada and People's Deputy of Ukraine serving in the Social Democratic Party of Ukraine faction.After a...
was elected president in first round with 61.59% of votes. Second was Viacheslav Chornovil with 23.27% of votes. Third place took Levko Lukyanenko
Levko Lukyanenko
Levko Lukyanenko ; is a Ukrainian politician, and Soviet dissident and Hero of Ukraine.-Biography:Lukyanenko was born on 24 August 1928 in the Khrypivka village of Chernihiv Oblast, in the USSR...
with 4.49%
Parliamentary elections
- Crimean parliamentary election, 2006Crimean parliamentary election, 2006The 2006 Crimean parliamentary election where held on 26 March 2006. These were the first elections to the Verkhovna Rada of Crimea, which were conducted on the proportional election system...
- Crimean parliamentary election, 2010Crimean parliamentary election, 2010The 2010 Crimean parliamentary election where held on 31 October 2010 as a part of the general 2010 Ukrainian local elections. Unlike the previous election to the Verkhovna Rada of Crimea , they were conducted on the mixed member proportional representation system...
See also
- Electoral calendar
- Electoral system
- 2007 Ukrainian political crisis2007 Ukrainian political crisisThe political crisis in Ukraine lasted from April to June of 2007 was part of political stand off between coalition and opposition factions of Verkhovna Rada that led to the unscheduled Ukrainian parliamentary election, 2007...
- 2008 Ukrainian political crisis2008 Ukrainian political crisisThe 2008 Ukrainian political crisis started after President Viktor Yushchenko's Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc withdrew from the governing coalition following a vote on a bill to limit the President's powers in which the Prime Minister's Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko voted with the opposition...
- Elections in the Soviet UnionElections in the Soviet UnionThe electoral system of the Soviet Union was based upon Chapter XI of the Constitution of the Soviet Union and by the Electoral Laws enacted in conformity with it. The Constitution and laws applied to elections in all Soviets, from the Supreme Soviets of the USSR, the Union republics and ...
External links
- Central Election Commission of Ukraine
- Adam Carr's Election Archive
- Parties and Elections
- Serhiy Vasylchenko: Electoral Geography of Ukraine 1991 - 2010
- If parliamentary elections were held next Sunday how would you vote? (recurrent poll, 2010-2011) by Razumkov CentreRazumkov CentreRazumkov Centre , or fully the Ukrainian Centre for Economic and Political Studies named after Olexander Razumkov , is a Ukrainian non-governmental public policy think tank....