Embraer
Encyclopedia
Embraer S.A. (ẽbɾaˈɛɾ) is a Brazil
ian aerospace
conglomerate
that produces commercial, military, and executive aircraft and provides aeronautical services.
Headquartered in São José dos Campos
, Embraer is the world's third-largest commercial aircraft company and was for much of the 2000s one of Brazil's top exporters.
Embraer is member of the Air Transport Action Group
(ATAG).
.
The company's first product was a turboprop
transport, the Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante
.
While military aircraft made up the majority of Embraer's products during the 1970s, by 1985 a regional airliner
had debuted, the Brasilia
. Aimed at the export market, this plane marked the first of Embraer's highly successful small airliners.
process alongside many other state-controlled companies during the government of Fernando Henrique Cardoso
.
This privatization effort saw Embraer sold on December 7, 1994, and helped it avoid a looming bankruptcy. The company continued to win government contracts.
The Brazilian government retains interest through possession of golden share
s, which allow it veto power.
s on the NYSE and BM&F Bovespa stock exchanges. As of 2008 its NYSE-traded shares were American Depositary Receipt
s representing 4 BM&F Bovespa shares.
2.1%, EADS
2.1%, Thales
2.1%, Safran
1.1%, Government of Brazil 0.3%, the remainder being publicly traded.
. Work actually began in May 2009 with funding from the Brazilian Air Force
. Correios
, the Brazilian postal service, has shown interest in buying this aircraft, in lieu of using commercial freight service for mail transport. Using many of the technologies developed for the Embraer 190, the C-390 would carry up to 23 tons of cargo and was aimed at replacing Cold War
-era cargo aircraft.
While firm orders for this yet-to-be-produced hauler do not exist, Argentina has asked for six examples and several South American nations have also expressed interest.
decided Brazil ran an illegal subsidy program, Proex, benefiting its national aviation industry from at least 1999-2000, and that Canada illegally subsidized its indigenous regional airliner industry, comprising Bombardier Aerospace
.
, São Paulo
, Brazil
. It has production bases in the State of São Paulo
at Botucatu
, Eugênio de Melo, Gavião Peixoto
, and São José dos Campos
. It may have other production bases as well. The company has offices in Beijing, Fort Lauderdale (US), Paris
, Singapore
, and Washington DC (US).
, Bombardier
, and Dassault. In May 2011, Embraer announced that it was considering building a larger airliner than the E-jets, with five-abreast seating.
The numbers include military versions of commercial aircraft.
Total delivered-backlog-options as of June 30, 2007: 862-53-131 145 Family, 256-399-719 170/190 Family
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
ian aerospace
Aerospace
Aerospace comprises the atmosphere of Earth and surrounding space. Typically the term is used to refer to the industry that researches, designs, manufactures, operates, and maintains vehicles moving through air and space...
conglomerate
Conglomerate (company)
A conglomerate is a combination of two or more corporations engaged in entirely different businesses that fall under one corporate structure , usually involving a parent company and several subsidiaries. Often, a conglomerate is a multi-industry company...
that produces commercial, military, and executive aircraft and provides aeronautical services.
Headquartered in São José dos Campos
São José dos Campos
São José dos Campos is a municipality and a major city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil and one of the most important industrial and research centers in Latin America. It is located in the Paraíba Valley, between the two most active production and consumption regions in the country, São Paulo ...
, Embraer is the world's third-largest commercial aircraft company and was for much of the 2000s one of Brazil's top exporters.
Embraer is member of the Air Transport Action Group
Air Transport Action Group
The Air Transport Action Group is a coalition of aviation industry experts focusing on sustainable development issues. Its Board of Directors is composed of senior representatives from Airbus, Airports Council International, Boeing, Bombardier Aerospace, Civil Air Navigation Services Organisation,...
(ATAG).
History
Seeking a domestic aircraft manufacturer, the Brazilian government made several investments in this area during the 1940s and '50s, but it was not until 1969 that Empresa Brasileira de Aeronáutica (Embraer) was created as a government-owned corporationGovernment-owned corporation
A government-owned corporation, state-owned company, state-owned entity, state enterprise, publicly owned corporation, government business enterprise, or parastatal is a legal entity created by a government to undertake commercial activities on behalf of an owner government...
.
The company's first product was a turboprop
Turboprop
A turboprop engine is a type of turbine engine which drives an aircraft propeller using a reduction gear.The gas turbine is designed specifically for this application, with almost all of its output being used to drive the propeller...
transport, the Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante
Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante
The Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante is a general purpose 15-21 passenger twin-turboprop light transport aircraft suitable for military and civil duties...
.
Early growth
The Brazilian Government contributed to the early growth of Embraer giving it contracts and helping to increase its product line, and the company sold solely to the domestic market until 1975.While military aircraft made up the majority of Embraer's products during the 1970s, by 1985 a regional airliner
Regional airliner
A regional airliner or a feederliner is a small airliner designed to fly up to 100 passengers on short-haul flights, usually feeding larger carriers' hubs from small markets. This class of airliners are typically flown by the regional airlines that are either contracted by or subsidiaries of the...
had debuted, the Brasilia
Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia
-Accidents:*Brazilian Air Force on July 8, 1988 an Embraer EMB 120RT Brasília registration FAB-2001 crashed during and engine-out landing at São José dos Campos. Five of the 9 occupants died....
. Aimed at the export market, this plane marked the first of Embraer's highly successful small airliners.
License-built Pipers
In 1974 the company started to produce Piper Aircraft light planes under license. Piper first put together knock-down kits in their US factory for Embraer to assemble & market in Brazil & Latin America, but by 1978 most of the parts and components were being sourced locally. Between 1974 and 2000 nearly 2500 license-built Pipers were produced by Embraer.Privatization
Born from a Brazilian government plan and having been state-run from the beginning, Embraer began a privatizationPrivatization
Privatization is the incidence or process of transferring ownership of a business, enterprise, agency or public service from the public sector to the private sector or to private non-profit organizations...
process alongside many other state-controlled companies during the government of Fernando Henrique Cardoso
Fernando Henrique Cardoso
Fernando Henrique Cardoso – also known by his initials FHC – was the 34th President of the Federative Republic of Brazil for two terms from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 2002. He is an accomplished sociologist, professor and politician...
.
This privatization effort saw Embraer sold on December 7, 1994, and helped it avoid a looming bankruptcy. The company continued to win government contracts.
The Brazilian government retains interest through possession of golden share
Golden Share
A Golden Share is a nominal share which is able to outvote all other shares in certain specified circumstances, often held by a government organization, in a government company undergoing the process of privatization and transformation into a stock-company....
s, which allow it veto power.
Initial public offerings
In 2000 Embraer made simultaneous initial public offeringInitial public offering
An initial public offering or stock market launch, is the first sale of stock by a private company to the public. It can be used by either small or large companies to raise expansion capital and become publicly traded enterprises...
s on the NYSE and BM&F Bovespa stock exchanges. As of 2008 its NYSE-traded shares were American Depositary Receipt
American Depositary Receipt
An American depositary receipt is a negotiable security that represents the underlying securities of a non-U.S. company that trades in the US financial markets...
s representing 4 BM&F Bovespa shares.
Current ownership
ownership was: Bozano Group 11.10%, Previ (a Brazilian pension fund) 16.40%, Sistel 7.40%, Dassault AviationDassault Aviation
Dassault Aviation is a French aircraft manufacturer of military, regional and business jets, a subsidiary of Dassault Group.It was founded in 1930 by Marcel Bloch as Société des Avions Marcel Bloch or "MB". After World War II, Marcel Bloch changed his name to Marcel Dassault, and the name of the...
2.1%, EADS
EADS
The European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company N.V. is a global pan-European aerospace and defence corporation and a leading defence and military contractor worldwide...
2.1%, Thales
Thales Group
The Thales Group is a French electronics company delivering information systems and services for the aerospace, defense, transportation and security markets...
2.1%, Safran
SAFRAN
Safran is a French conglomerate involved in defense, aerospace propulsion and equipment, and security. It is the result of a merger between the propulsion and aerospace equipment group SNECMA and the defense conglomerate SAGEM. Its headquarters are located in Paris.The name Safran, literally...
1.1%, Government of Brazil 0.3%, the remainder being publicly traded.
Product line expansion: military, regional & executive
In the mid-1990s the company pursued a product line more focused on small commercial planes than the military aircraft that had prior made up the majority of its manufacturing. Larger regional airliners with 70-110 seats and smaller business jets soon followed. Today the company makes for both defense and commerce.Military transport
On April 19, 2007, Embraer announced it was considering the production of a twin-jet military transport, the Embraer C-390Embraer C-390
The Embraer KC-390 is a medium-size, twin-engine jet-powered military transport aircraft under development by Brazilian aerospace manufacturer Embraer...
. Work actually began in May 2009 with funding from the Brazilian Air Force
Brazilian Air Force
The Brazilian Air Force is the air branch of the Brazilian Armed Forces and one of the three national uniformed services. The FAB was formed when the Army and Navy air branch were merged into a single military force initially called "National Air Forces"...
. Correios
Correios
Empresa Brasileira de Correios e Telégrafos , also known as Correios, is one of the largest state-owned companies in latin america and is responsible for the national postal service of Brazil, with a high level of reliability in Brazil...
, the Brazilian postal service, has shown interest in buying this aircraft, in lieu of using commercial freight service for mail transport. Using many of the technologies developed for the Embraer 190, the C-390 would carry up to 23 tons of cargo and was aimed at replacing Cold War
Cold War
The Cold War was the continuing state from roughly 1946 to 1991 of political conflict, military tension, proxy wars, and economic competition between the Communist World—primarily the Soviet Union and its satellite states and allies—and the powers of the Western world, primarily the United States...
-era cargo aircraft.
While firm orders for this yet-to-be-produced hauler do not exist, Argentina has asked for six examples and several South American nations have also expressed interest.
Government subsidy controversy
Brazil and Canada engaged in an international, adjudicated trade dispute over government subsidies to domestic plane-makers in the late 1990s and early 2000s. The World Trade OrganizationWorld Trade Organization
The World Trade Organization is an organization that intends to supervise and liberalize international trade. The organization officially commenced on January 1, 1995 under the Marrakech Agreement, replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade , which commenced in 1948...
decided Brazil ran an illegal subsidy program, Proex, benefiting its national aviation industry from at least 1999-2000, and that Canada illegally subsidized its indigenous regional airliner industry, comprising Bombardier Aerospace
Bombardier Aerospace
Bombardier Aerospace is a division of Bombardier Inc. and is the third-largest airplane manufacturer in the world. It is headquartered in Dorval, Quebec, Canada.- History :...
.
Production bases and facilities
The company's headquarters is in São José dos CamposSão José dos Campos
São José dos Campos is a municipality and a major city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil and one of the most important industrial and research centers in Latin America. It is located in the Paraíba Valley, between the two most active production and consumption regions in the country, São Paulo ...
, São Paulo
São Paulo (state)
São Paulo is a state in Brazil. It is the major industrial and economic powerhouse of the Brazilian economy. Named after Saint Paul, São Paulo has the largest population, industrial complex, and economic production in the country. It is the richest state in Brazil...
, Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
. It has production bases in the State of São Paulo
São Paulo
São Paulo is the largest city in Brazil, the largest city in the southern hemisphere and South America, and the world's seventh largest city by population. The metropolis is anchor to the São Paulo metropolitan area, ranked as the second-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas and among...
at Botucatu
Botucatu
Botucatu is a city in the southeastern region of Brazil and is located 224.8 km from São Paulo, the Capital of the State of São Paulo. The city has a population of about 127,370 inhabitants within a of 1,486.4 square kilometers, on top of a plateau . Botucatu became a township in .The...
, Eugênio de Melo, Gavião Peixoto
Gavião Peixoto
Gavião Peixoto is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2004 is 4,081 and the area is 244.33 km². The elevation is 515 m....
, and São José dos Campos
São José dos Campos
São José dos Campos is a municipality and a major city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil and one of the most important industrial and research centers in Latin America. It is located in the Paraíba Valley, between the two most active production and consumption regions in the country, São Paulo ...
. It may have other production bases as well. The company has offices in Beijing, Fort Lauderdale (US), Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, Singapore
Singapore
Singapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the...
, and Washington DC (US).
Subsidiaries
- EAMS - Embraer Aircraft Maintenance Services Inc. (NashvilleNashville, TennesseeNashville is the capital of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the county seat of Davidson County. It is located on the Cumberland River in Davidson County, in the north-central part of the state. The city is a center for the health care, publishing, banking and transportation industries, and is home...
, Tennessee USA) - maintenance services site. - OGMAOGMAFounded in 1918, OGMA – Indústria Aeronáutica de Portugal, S.A., has dedicated ever since to the maintenance of aircraft and aircraft engines, as well as to the manufacturing of aircraft components and to aircraft engineering and logistic support. OGMA is situated in Alverca, approximately 15 km...
- Indústria Aeronáutica de Portugal (Alverca do RibatejoAlverca do RibatejoAlverca do Ribatejo is a city and a parish in Vila Franca de Xira Municipality in Portugal. It covers an area of 17.89 km² and had a population of 29,086 as of 2001. It was promoted to city status in 1990. It is a city and a suburb near the Tagus River , in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area...
, Portugal) - aircraft component maintenance, repair and manufacturing, plus aircraft maintenance services.
Joint ventures
- Harbin Embraer (HarbinHarbinHarbin ; Manchu language: , Harbin; Russian: Харби́н Kharbin ), is the capital and largest city of Heilongjiang Province in Northeast China, lying on the southern bank of the Songhua River...
, China) - manufactures aircraft from the ERJ familyEmbraer ERJ 145 familyThe Embraer ERJ 145 family is a series of regional jets produced by Embraer, a Brazilian aerospace company. Family members include the ERJ 135 , ERJ 140 , and ERJ 145 , as well as the Legacy business jet and the R-99 family of military aircraft. The ERJ 145 is the largest of the group...
for the Chinese market.
Commercial
- Embraer EMB 110 BandeiranteEmbraer EMB 110 BandeiranteThe Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante is a general purpose 15-21 passenger twin-turboprop light transport aircraft suitable for military and civil duties...
- Embraer EMB 120 BrasiliaEmbraer EMB 120 Brasilia-Accidents:*Brazilian Air Force on July 8, 1988 an Embraer EMB 120RT Brasília registration FAB-2001 crashed during and engine-out landing at São José dos Campos. Five of the 9 occupants died....
- Embraer/FMA CBA 123 VectorEmbraer/FMA CBA 123 Vector-References:* Lambert, Mark . Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1993-94. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Data Division, 1993. ISBN 0-7106-1066-1.* "South American Vector". Air International, September 1990, Vol 39 No. 5. pp. 122–128.-External links:*...
- Embraer ERJ 135 (37 passengers)
- Embraer ERJ 140 (44 passengers)
- Embraer ERJ 145 (50 passengers)
- Embraer 170 (80 passengers)
- Embraer 175 (88 passengers)
- Embraer 190 (110 passengers)
- Embraer 195 (122 passengers)
Military
- Embraer EMB 111 Bandeirulha, a special version designed for maritime patrol, used by the Brazilian Air Force
- Embraer EMB 312 TucanoEmbraer EMB 312 TucanoThe Embraer EMB 312 Tucano is a two seat turboprop basic trainer developed in Brazil. The prototype first flew in 1980 and initial production units were delivered in 1983. The Tucano family of aircraft became one of Embraer's first international marketing successes, with 600 units produced...
- Embraer EMB 314 Super TucanoEmbraer EMB 314 Super TucanoThe Embraer EMB 314 Super Tucano, also named ALX or A-29 is a turboprop aircraft designed for light attack, counter insurgency and pilot training missions, incorporating modern avionics and weapons systems. It is currently in service with the air forces of Brazil, Dominican Republic and Colombia,...
- AMX International AMXAMX International AMX|-See also:-References:NotesBibliography*Braybrook, Roy. "Assessing the AMX". Air International, June 1989, Vol 36 No 6. Bromley, UK:Fine Scroll. ISSN 0306-5634. pp. 267–278....
- Embraer R-99
- Embraer 145 AEW&C
- Embraer 145 RS/AGS
- Embraer P-99
- Embraer KC-390
- embraer 561-300
Corporate
- Embraer Phenom 100Embraer Phenom 100|-See also:-External links:*.*.********...
- Embraer Phenom 300Embraer Phenom 300-See also:-External links:* *...
- Embraer Legacy 450Embraer Legacy 450-See also:-External links:* * *...
- Embraer Legacy 500Embraer Legacy 500-External links:* * *...
- Embraer Legacy 600
- Embraer Legacy 650
- Embraer Lineage 1000
Future
In October 2010, Embraer suggested plans to develop very-long-range business jets, entering a sector currently dominated by GulfstreamGulfstream Aerospace
Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation is a producer of several models of jet aircraft. Gulfstream has been a unit of General Dynamics since 1999.The company has produced more than 1,500 aircraft for corporate, government, private, and military customers around the world...
, Bombardier
Bombardier Aerospace
Bombardier Aerospace is a division of Bombardier Inc. and is the third-largest airplane manufacturer in the world. It is headquartered in Dorval, Quebec, Canada.- History :...
, and Dassault. In May 2011, Embraer announced that it was considering building a larger airliner than the E-jets, with five-abreast seating.
General aviation
- Embraer Sêneca
- Embraer Corisco
- Embraer Carioca
- Embraer Minuano
- Embraer Navajo
- Embraer Sertanejo
- Embraer Tupi
Commercial aircraft deliveries
| Year | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number Of Deliveries | 4 | 32 | 60 | 96 | 160 | 161 | 131 | 101 | 148 | 141 | 130 | 169 | 204 | 244 | 246 |
The numbers include military versions of commercial aircraft.
Total delivered-backlog-options as of June 30, 2007: 862-53-131 145 Family, 256-399-719 170/190 Family
External links
- Embraer
- Embraer history
- Embraer history on Jetsite.com.br (in Portuguese)
- Pictures of the Embraer fleet (in English)