Emilia Snethlage
Encyclopedia
Maria Emilie Snethlage was a German
-born Brazil
ian naturalist
and ornithologist who worked on the bird fauna of the Amazon. Snethlage collected in Brazil from 1905 until her death.
Maria Emilie Snethlage was born in Kraatz (now part of Gransee
) in the Province of Brandenburg
, Prussia
, and educated privately at her father's house (Rev. Emil Snethlage). In 1900, after years working as a governess, she took up natural history. Snethlage was a doctor in Natural Philosophy and had been a zoological assistant at the Berlin Natural History Museum before being hired by Emílio Goeldi for the natural history museum in Belém
on the recommendation of Dr. A. Reichenow
. Her work in the Brazilian Amazon took her to Acre and other remote places.
She became the director of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi
, after the death of botanist Jacques Hüber
, between 1914 and 1922. She wrote the Catálogo das Aves Amazônicas (1914). Snethlage was granted honorary membership in the British Ornithologists' Union in 1915. In 1921 she went to the National Museum in Rio de Janeiro, as "naturalista viajante." She continued her studies of the Brazilian avifauna with field trips to Minas Gerais, Maranhão, Ceará, Espírito Santo, Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo state, and the Brazilian Amazon.
She died of heart failure in Porto Velho, on the Madeira River, while on a field trip. In her last letter, written shortly before she died, Snethlage mentions meeting the English butterfly collector Margaret Fountaine
.
Her nephew was the ethnologist Dr. Emil Heinrich Snethlage.
The Madeira Parakeet Pyrrhura snethlageae, described as new to science
in 2002, was named in her honour.
Sources:
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
-born Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
ian naturalist
Naturalist
Naturalist may refer to:* Practitioner of natural history* Conservationist* Advocate of naturalism * Naturalist , autobiography-See also:* The American Naturalist, periodical* Naturalism...
and ornithologist who worked on the bird fauna of the Amazon. Snethlage collected in Brazil from 1905 until her death.
Maria Emilie Snethlage was born in Kraatz (now part of Gransee
Gransee
Gransee is a town in the Oberhavel district, in Brandenburg, Germany. It is situated 20 km south of Fürstenberg/Havel, and 55 km northwest of Berlin....
) in the Province of Brandenburg
Province of Brandenburg
The Province of Brandenburg was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1815 to 1946.-History:The first people who are known to have inhabited Brandenburg were the Suevi. They were succeeded by the Slavonians, whom Henry II conquered and converted to Christianity in...
, Prussia
Prussia
Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
, and educated privately at her father's house (Rev. Emil Snethlage). In 1900, after years working as a governess, she took up natural history. Snethlage was a doctor in Natural Philosophy and had been a zoological assistant at the Berlin Natural History Museum before being hired by Emílio Goeldi for the natural history museum in Belém
Belém
Belém is a Brazilian city, the capital and largest city of state of Pará, in the country's north region. It is the entrance gate to the Amazon with a busy port, airport and bus/coach station...
on the recommendation of Dr. A. Reichenow
Anton Reichenow
Anton Reichenow was a German ornithologist.Reichenow was the son-in-law of Jean Cabanis, and worked at the Humboldt Museum from 1874 to 1921. He was an expert on African birds, making a collecting expedition to West Africa in 1872 and 1873, and writing Die Vögel Afrikas...
. Her work in the Brazilian Amazon took her to Acre and other remote places.
She became the director of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi
Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi
The Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi is a Brazilian research institution and museum located in the city of Belém, state of Pará. It was founded in 1866 by Domingos Soares Ferreira Penna as the Pará Museum of Natural History and Ethnography, and was later named in honor of Swiss naturalist Émil August...
, after the death of botanist Jacques Hüber
Jacques Huber
Jacques Huber was a Swiss-Brazilian botanist who did pioneering work on the flora of the Amazon from 1895 until his death. He created and organized the herbarium and arboretum in Belém, Brazil, and was director of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi from 1907 until he died.-References:...
, between 1914 and 1922. She wrote the Catálogo das Aves Amazônicas (1914). Snethlage was granted honorary membership in the British Ornithologists' Union in 1915. In 1921 she went to the National Museum in Rio de Janeiro, as "naturalista viajante." She continued her studies of the Brazilian avifauna with field trips to Minas Gerais, Maranhão, Ceará, Espírito Santo, Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo state, and the Brazilian Amazon.
She died of heart failure in Porto Velho, on the Madeira River, while on a field trip. In her last letter, written shortly before she died, Snethlage mentions meeting the English butterfly collector Margaret Fountaine
Margaret Fountaine
Margaret Elizabeth Fountaine , a Victorian lepidopterist and diarist, was born in Norfolk, the eldest of seven children of an English country clergyman, Reverend John Fountaine of South Acre parish in East Anglia...
.
Her nephew was the ethnologist Dr. Emil Heinrich Snethlage.
The Madeira Parakeet Pyrrhura snethlageae, described as new to science
Bird species new to science
This article describes bird species new to science since 1900. Prior to the 20th century, and indeed into its early decades, the pace of discovery of new species was fast; during this period, with numerous collecting expeditions into species-rich areas not previously visited by western...
in 2002, was named in her honour.
Publications (partial list)
- Snethlage, E. 1905 - Ueber die Frage vom Muskelansatz und der Herkunft der Muskulatur bei den Arthropoden. Zoologische Jahrbücher. Bd. 21. Abteilung für Anatomie
- Snethlage, E. 1906 - Ueber brasilianische Voegel. Ornithologische Monatsberichte, 14:9.
- Snethlage, E. 1906 - Einige Bemerkungen ueber Ypocnemis vidua Hellm. und Phlogopsis paraensis Hellm. Ornithologische Monatsberichte, 14:9-3l.
- Snethlage, E. 1906 - Ein neuer Zwergspecht. Ornithologische Monatsberichte, 14:59-60.
- Snethlage, E. 1906 - Ueber unteramazonische Voegel. Journal für Ornithologie, 1906:407-4ll, 519-527; 1907:283-299.
- Snethlage, E. 1907 - Neue Vogelarten aus Südamerika. Ornithologische Monatsberichte., 15:160- 164, 193-196.
- Snethlage, E. 1908 - Eine Vogelsammlung vom Purus, Brasilien. Journal für Ornithologie, 1908:7-24.
- Snethlage, E. 1908 - Ornithologisches von Tapajoz und Tocantins. Journal für Ornithologie, 1908:493-539.
- Snethlage, E. 1908 - Sobre uma collecção de aves do Rio Purus. Bol. Museu Goeldi, 5:43-78.
- Snethlage, E. 1908 - Novas espécies de aves amazônicas das collecções do Museu Goeldi. Bol. Museu Goeldi, 5:437-448.
- Snethlage, E. 1908 - Novas espécies de peixes amazônicos das collecções do Museu Goeldi. Bol. Museu Goeldi, 5:449-455.
- Snethlage, E. 1908 - Bibliographia zoologica. Bol. Museu Goeldi, 5:463-47l.
- Snethlage, E. 1909 - Sobre a distribuição da avifauna campestre na Amazônia. Bol. Museu Goeldi, 6:226-235.
- Snethlage, E. 1909 - Berichtigung. Orn. Monatsberichte, 18:192.
- Snethlage, E. 1910 - Zur Ethnographie der Chipaya und Curuahé. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, : 612-637.
- Snethlage, E. 1910 - Neue Vogelarten aus Amazonien. Ornithologische Monatsberichte, 20:153- 155.
- Snethlage, E. 1912 - A travessia entre o Xingu e o Tapajoz. Bol. Museu Goeldi, 7:49-92.
- Snethlage, E. 1912 - Vocabulario comparativo dos Indios Chipayas e Curuahé. Bol. Museu Goeldi, 12:93-99.
- Snethlage, E. 1913 - A travessia entre o Xingú e o Tapajoz . Pará, Brazil: E. Lohse & Cia.
- Snethlage, E. 1913 - Ueber die Verbreitung der Vogelarten in Unteramazonien. Journal für Ornithologie, 1913: 469-539.
- Snethlage, E. 1914 - Neue Vogelarten aus Amazonien. Ornithologische Monatsberichte, 22:39-44.
- Snethlage, E. 1914 - Catálogo das Aves Amazônicas. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi de Historia Natural e Etnografia, 8: 1-530.
- Snethlage, E. 1917 - Nature and Man in Eastern Pará, Brazil. The Geographical Review (New York), 4(1): 4l-50.
- Snethlage, E. 1920-1921 - Die Indianerstaemme am mittleren Xingu. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, :395-427.
- Snethlage, E. 1923 - Oribatídeos Brasileiros (Uebersetzung der Arbeit, von Dr. Max Sellnick). Archivos Mus. Nacional, 24:283-300.
- Snethlage, E. 1924 - Neue Vogelarten aus Nordbrasilien. Journal für Ornithologie, 446-450.
- Snethlage, E. 1924 - Informações sobre a avifauna do Maranhão, Bol. Mus. Nacional, 1: 219-223.
- Snethlage, E. 1924 - Novas especies de aves do NE do Brasil. Bol. Mus. Nacional, :407-412.
- Snethlage, E. 1925 - Neue Vogelarten aus Nordbrasilien. Journal für Ornithologie, 73:264-274.
- Snethlage, E. 1925 - Die Flüsse Iriri und Curuá im Gebiete des Xingu. Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, : 328-354.
- Snethlage, E. 1925 - Resumo de trabalhos executados na Europa de 1924-1925. Bol. Mus. Nacional, 2 (6): 35-70.
- Snethlage, E. 1926 - Uma nova espécie de Dendrocolaptídeo no interior do Brasil. Bol. Mus. Nacional, 3(3): 59-60.
- Snethlage, E. 1926 - Algumas observações sobre pássaros raros e pouco conhecidos do Brasil, Bol. Mus. Nacional, 3(3): 6l-64.
- Snethlage, E. 1927 - Bemerkungen ueber einige wenig bekannte Formicariiden aus Süd- und Mittelbrasilien. Journal für Ornithologie, :37l-374.
- Snethlage, E. 1927 - Ein neuer Cuculidae aus Südbrasilien. Ornithologische Monatsberichte, 35(3): 80-82.
- Snethlage, E. 1928 - Novas espécies e subespécies de aves do Brasil Central. Bol. Mus. Nac., 4(2): 1-7.
Sources:
- Cunha, Oswaldo Rodrigues (1989) Talento e Atitude. Belém, Brazil: Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi.
- Archives of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Brazil.