Emmanouil Manousogiannakis
Encyclopedia
Emmanouil Manousogiannakis was a senior Greek
Army
officer who distinguished himself in the Balkan Wars
of 1912–1913.
He was born in the region of Sfakia
in Crete
(then still part of the Ottoman Empire
) in 1853. He studied at the Greek Army Academy and was commissioned into the Army as an Ensign of the Artillery. During the Greco-Turkish War of 1897, he participated in the Greek expeditionary corps to his native Crete under Colonel Timoleon Vassos
.
In 1909, with the rank of Colonel, he served as Minister of Military Affairs in the short-lived cabinet of Dimitrios Rallis
. In early 1911 Manousogiannakis was placed as CO of the 1st Infantry Division at Larissa
. His division's performance during the great spring maneuvres of 1912 earned him a promotion to Major General. Manousogiannakis led the 1st Division during both Balkan Wars
, and distinguished himself especially during the Second Balkan War
against Bulgaria in the battles of Lahanas
and Kresna
.
After the war, he was promoted to Lieutenant General and placed in command of the newly established II Army Corps at Patras
. There he died on 24 July 1916.
Greece
Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
Army
Hellenic Army
The Hellenic Army , formed in 1828, is the land force of Greece.The motto of the Hellenic Army is , "Freedom Stems from Valor", from Thucydides's History of the Peloponnesian War...
officer who distinguished himself in the Balkan Wars
Balkan Wars
The Balkan Wars were two conflicts that took place in the Balkans in south-eastern Europe in 1912 and 1913.By the early 20th century, Montenegro, Bulgaria, Greece and Serbia, the countries of the Balkan League, had achieved their independence from the Ottoman Empire, but large parts of their ethnic...
of 1912–1913.
He was born in the region of Sfakia
Sfakia
Sfakiá is a mountainous area in the southwestern part of the island of Crete, in the Chania peripheral unit. It is considered one of the few places in Greece to never have been fully occupied by foreign powers...
in Crete
Crete
Crete is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, and one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece. It forms a significant part of the economy and cultural heritage of Greece while retaining its own local cultural traits...
(then still part of the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
) in 1853. He studied at the Greek Army Academy and was commissioned into the Army as an Ensign of the Artillery. During the Greco-Turkish War of 1897, he participated in the Greek expeditionary corps to his native Crete under Colonel Timoleon Vassos
Timoleon Vassos
Timoleon Vassos or Vasos was a Greek Army officer and general. He was born in Athens in 1836, the younger son of the hero of the Greek Revolution Vasos Mavrovouniotis. He studied at the Hellenic Army Academy and continued his studies in France, before being appointed as aide de camp to King George I...
.
In 1909, with the rank of Colonel, he served as Minister of Military Affairs in the short-lived cabinet of Dimitrios Rallis
Dimitrios Rallis
Dimitrios Rallis was a Greek politician. Rallis was elected to Parliament in 1872 and always represented the same Athenian constituency. He became Minister in several governments and served as Prime Minister five times...
. In early 1911 Manousogiannakis was placed as CO of the 1st Infantry Division at Larissa
Larissa
Larissa is the capital and biggest city of the Thessaly region of Greece and capital of the Larissa regional unit. It is a principal agricultural centre and a national transportation hub, linked by road and rail with the port of Volos, the city of Thessaloniki and Athens...
. His division's performance during the great spring maneuvres of 1912 earned him a promotion to Major General. Manousogiannakis led the 1st Division during both Balkan Wars
Balkan Wars
The Balkan Wars were two conflicts that took place in the Balkans in south-eastern Europe in 1912 and 1913.By the early 20th century, Montenegro, Bulgaria, Greece and Serbia, the countries of the Balkan League, had achieved their independence from the Ottoman Empire, but large parts of their ethnic...
, and distinguished himself especially during the Second Balkan War
Second Balkan War
The Second Balkan War was a conflict which broke out when Bulgaria, dissatisfied with its share of the spoils of the First Balkan War, attacked its former allies, Serbia and Greece, on 29 June 1913. Bulgaria had a prewar agreement about the division of region of Macedonia...
against Bulgaria in the battles of Lahanas
Battle of Kilkis-Lahanas
The Battle of Kilkis–Lahanas took place during the Second Balkan War between Greece and Bulgaria for the town of Kilkis in Macedonia. The battle lasted three days from 19 to 21 June 1913 and ended with a Greek victory.-Background:...
and Kresna
Battle of Kresna Gorge
The Battle of Kresna Gorge was fought in 1913 between the Greeks and the Bulgarians during the Second Balkan War.After the Serbian front became static, and seeing that the Bulgarian Army in his front had already suffered defeat, King Constantine ordered the Greek Army to march further into...
.
After the war, he was promoted to Lieutenant General and placed in command of the newly established II Army Corps at Patras
Patras
Patras , ) is Greece's third largest urban area and the regional capital of West Greece, located in northern Peloponnese, 215 kilometers west of Athens...
. There he died on 24 July 1916.