Energy Citations Database
Encyclopedia
The Energy Citations Database (ECD) was created in 2001 in order to make scientific literature
citations, and electronic documents, publicly accessible from U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), and its predecessor agencies, at no cost to the user. This database
also contains all the unclassified materials from Energy Research Abstracts. Classified materials are not available to the public. ECD does include the unclassified, unlimited distribution scientific and technical
reports from the Department of Energy and its predecessor agencies, the Atomic Energy Commission
and the Energy Research and Development Administration
. The database is usually updated twice per week.
ECD provides free access to over 2.6 million science research citations with continued growth through regular update
s. There are over 221,000 electronic document
s, primarily from 1943 forward, available via the database. Citations and documents are made publicly available by the Regional Federal Depository Libraries. These institutions maintain and make available DOE research literature
, providing access to non‑electronic documents prior to 1994, and electronic access to more recent documents.
ECD was created and developed by DOE’s Office of Scientific and Technical Information
with the science-attentive citizen in mind. It contains energy
and energy‑related scientific and technical
information collected by the DOE and its predecessor agencies.
encompass chemistry
, physics
, material
s, environmental science
, geology
, engineering
, mathematics
, climatology
, oceanography
, computer science
, and related disciplines. It includes bibliographic citations to report scientific literature
, conference papers
, journal articles
, book
s, dissertations, and patent
s.
Commensurate with the above search capabilities is sorting results by various means.
Results can be sorted by relevance, publication date, system entry date, resource/document type, title, research organization, sponsoring organization, or the unique Office of Scientific Information (OSTI) Identifier. Furthermore, acquiring a count of search results, combined with a link to the actual results is available.
was established by the United States Army
to conduct atomic research with the goal of ending World War II
. This research was performed in a manner that helped to cement the ongoing bond between basic scientific research and national security
. After the war, the authority to continue this research was transferred from the Army to the United States Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) through the Atomic Energy Act
of 1946. This Act was signed into law by President Harry S Truman on August 1, 1946, and entrusted the AEC with the government monopoly in the field of atomic research and development.
First was to focus the Federal Government’s energy research and development
activities within a unified agency whose major function would be to promote the speedy development of various energy technologies. The second, was to separate nuclear licensing and regulatory functions from the development and production of nuclear power and weapons.
(SciDAC), and is driven by a spirit of collaboration. Discipline scientists, applied mathematician
s, and computer scientist
s are working together to maximize use of the most sophisticated high-power computers for scientific discovery. Research results are promgulated through the SciDAC review magazine. Supercomputer Modeling & Visualization is covered in the Spring 2010 issue of this magazine.
The Visualization and Analytics Center for Enabling Technologies (VACET) focuses on leveraging scientific visualization and analytics software
technology as an enabling technology
for increasing scientific productivity and insight. Advances in computational technology have resulted in an "information big bang," which in turn has created a significant data understanding challenge. This challenge is widely acknowledged to be one of the primary bottlenecks in contemporary science
. Using an organizational model such as VACET, we are well positioned to respond to the needs of a diverse set of scientific stakeholders in a coordinated fashion using a range of visualization
, mathematics, statistic
s, computer and computational science
and data management
technologies.
The vision of VACET is to adapt, extend, create when necessary, and deploy visual data analysis solutions that are responsive to the needs of DOE's computational and experimental scientists. Our center is engineered to be directly responsive to those needs and to deliver solutions for use in DOE's large open computing facilities. The research and development directly target data understanding problems provided by our scientific application stakeholders. VACET draws from a diverse set of visualization technology ranging from production quality applications and application frameworks to state-of-the-art algorithms for visualization, analysis, analytics, data manipulation, and data management. Our goal is to respond to the urgent needs of the scientific community by providing significant, production-quality technology to aid in data understanding.
There are nearly 1,250 depository libraries throughout the United States and its territories. Acceess to all documents (hundreds of thousands) is no-fee access. Expert assisted searches are available, on site.
Federal depository libraries have been established by Congress to ensure that the American public has access to its Government's information. The Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP) involves the acquisition, format conversion, and distribution of depository materials to libraries throughout the United States and the coordination of Federal depository libraries in the 50 states, the District of Columbia and U.S. territories.
Since 1813, depository libraries have safeguarded the public's right to know by collecting, organizing, maintaining, preserving, and assisting users with information from the Federal Government. Depository libraries provide local, no-fee access to Government information in an impartial environment with professional assistance.
The mission of the FDLP is to disseminate information products from all three branches of the Government to about 1,250 libraries nationwide at no cost.
The U.S. Government Printing Office administers the FDLP and serves to provide this network of libraries with the tools they need to keep America informed.
Available formats are publications, journals, electronic resources, microfiche, microfilm and various other formats encompassing hundreds of thousands of topics.
Scientific literature
Scientific literature comprises scientific publications that report original empirical and theoretical work in the natural and social sciences, and within a scientific field is often abbreviated as the literature. Academic publishing is the process of placing the results of one's research into the...
citations, and electronic documents, publicly accessible from U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), and its predecessor agencies, at no cost to the user. This database
Database
A database is an organized collection of data for one or more purposes, usually in digital form. The data are typically organized to model relevant aspects of reality , in a way that supports processes requiring this information...
also contains all the unclassified materials from Energy Research Abstracts. Classified materials are not available to the public. ECD does include the unclassified, unlimited distribution scientific and technical
Technical
Technical may refer to:*Technical , a fighting vehicle based on a pickup truck*Technical analysis, a discipline for forecasting the future direction of prices through the study of past market data*Technical drawing, also known as drafting...
reports from the Department of Energy and its predecessor agencies, the Atomic Energy Commission
United States Atomic Energy Commission
The United States Atomic Energy Commission was an agency of the United States government established after World War II by Congress to foster and control the peace time development of atomic science and technology. President Harry S...
and the Energy Research and Development Administration
Energy Research and Development Administration
The United States Energy Research and Development Administration was a United States government organization formed from the split of the Atomic Energy Commission in 1975...
. The database is usually updated twice per week.
ECD provides free access to over 2.6 million science research citations with continued growth through regular update
Update
Update may refer to:* Patch , also known as a software update* Update ,a SQL statement for changing database records* Update , 2007* Update , 1987* Updated , M...
s. There are over 221,000 electronic document
Electronic document
An electronic document is any electronic media content that are intended to be used in either an electronic form or as printed output....
s, primarily from 1943 forward, available via the database. Citations and documents are made publicly available by the Regional Federal Depository Libraries. These institutions maintain and make available DOE research literature
Scientific literature
Scientific literature comprises scientific publications that report original empirical and theoretical work in the natural and social sciences, and within a scientific field is often abbreviated as the literature. Academic publishing is the process of placing the results of one's research into the...
, providing access to non‑electronic documents prior to 1994, and electronic access to more recent documents.
ECD was created and developed by DOE’s Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
The Office of Scientific and Technical Information is a component of the Office of Science within the U.S. Department of Energy...
with the science-attentive citizen in mind. It contains energy
Energy
In physics, energy is an indirectly observed quantity. It is often understood as the ability a physical system has to do work on other physical systems...
and energy‑related scientific and technical
Technical
Technical may refer to:*Technical , a fighting vehicle based on a pickup truck*Technical analysis, a discipline for forecasting the future direction of prices through the study of past market data*Technical drawing, also known as drafting...
information collected by the DOE and its predecessor agencies.
Scope
Topics, or subjects, and Department of Energy disciplines of interest in Energy Citations Database (ECD) are wide-ranging. Scientific and technical researchResearch
Research can be defined as the scientific search for knowledge, or as any systematic investigation, to establish novel facts, solve new or existing problems, prove new ideas, or develop new theories, usually using a scientific method...
encompass chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry is the science of matter, especially its chemical reactions, but also its composition, structure and properties. Chemistry is concerned with atoms and their interactions with other atoms, and particularly with the properties of chemical bonds....
, physics
Physics
Physics is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.Physics is one of the oldest academic...
, material
Material
Material is anything made of matter, constituted of one or more substances. Wood, cement, hydrogen, air and water are all examples of materials. Sometimes the term "material" is used more narrowly to refer to substances or components with certain physical properties that are used as inputs to...
s, environmental science
Environmental science
Environmental science is an interdisciplinary academic field that integrates physical and biological sciences, to the study of the environment, and the solution of environmental problems...
, geology
Geology
Geology is the science comprising the study of solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which it evolves. Geology gives insight into the history of the Earth, as it provides the primary evidence for plate tectonics, the evolutionary history of life, and past climates...
, engineering
Engineering
Engineering is the discipline, art, skill and profession of acquiring and applying scientific, mathematical, economic, social, and practical knowledge, in order to design and build structures, machines, devices, systems, materials and processes that safely realize improvements to the lives of...
, mathematics
Mathematics
Mathematics is the study of quantity, space, structure, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns and formulate new conjectures. Mathematicians resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proofs, which are arguments sufficient to convince other mathematicians of their validity...
, climatology
Climatology
Climatology is the study of climate, scientifically defined as weather conditions averaged over a period of time, and is a branch of the atmospheric sciences...
, oceanography
Oceanography
Oceanography , also called oceanology or marine science, is the branch of Earth science that studies the ocean...
, computer science
Computer science
Computer science or computing science is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and of practical techniques for their implementation and application in computer systems...
, and related disciplines. It includes bibliographic citations to report scientific literature
Scientific literature
Scientific literature comprises scientific publications that report original empirical and theoretical work in the natural and social sciences, and within a scientific field is often abbreviated as the literature. Academic publishing is the process of placing the results of one's research into the...
, conference papers
Academic conference
An academic conference or symposium is a conference for researchers to present and discuss their work. Together with academic or scientific journals, conferences provide an important channel for exchange of information between researchers.-Overview:Conferences are usually composed of various...
, journal articles
Scientific journal
In academic publishing, a scientific journal is a periodical publication intended to further the progress of science, usually by reporting new research. There are thousands of scientific journals in publication, and many more have been published at various points in the past...
, book
Book
A book is a set or collection of written, printed, illustrated, or blank sheets, made of hot lava, paper, parchment, or other materials, usually fastened together to hinge at one side. A single sheet within a book is called a leaf or leaflet, and each side of a leaf is called a page...
s, dissertations, and patent
Patent
A patent is a form of intellectual property. It consists of a set of exclusive rights granted by a sovereign state to an inventor or their assignee for a limited period of time in exchange for the public disclosure of an invention....
s.
Stated capabilities
Bibliographic citations for scientific and technical information dating from 1943 to the present day. Search capabilities include full text, bibliographic citation, title, creator/author, subject, identifier numbers, publication date, system entry date, resource/document type, research organization, sponsoring organization, and/or any combination of these.Commensurate with the above search capabilities is sorting results by various means.
Results can be sorted by relevance, publication date, system entry date, resource/document type, title, research organization, sponsoring organization, or the unique Office of Scientific Information (OSTI) Identifier. Furthermore, acquiring a count of search results, combined with a link to the actual results is available.
- ability to receive weekly Alerts in topics of interest;
- information about acquiring a non-electronic document
Research and database in predecessor agencies
Since the late 1940s, the Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI) and its predecessor organizations have been responsible for the management of scientific and technical information (STI) for the Department of Energy (DOE) and its predecessor agencies, the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) and the Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA). Growth and development of STI management has incorporated planning, developing, maintaining, and administering all services and facilities required to accomplish the dissemination of scientific and technical information for the encouragement of scientific progress.Atomic Energy Commission (AEC)
In 1942, the Manhattan ProjectManhattan Project
The Manhattan Project was a research and development program, led by the United States with participation from the United Kingdom and Canada, that produced the first atomic bomb during World War II. From 1942 to 1946, the project was under the direction of Major General Leslie Groves of the US Army...
was established by the United States Army
United States Army
The United States Army is the main branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. It is the largest and oldest established branch of the U.S. military, and is one of seven U.S. uniformed services...
to conduct atomic research with the goal of ending World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
. This research was performed in a manner that helped to cement the ongoing bond between basic scientific research and national security
National security
National security is the requirement to maintain the survival of the state through the use of economic, diplomacy, power projection and political power. The concept developed mostly in the United States of America after World War II...
. After the war, the authority to continue this research was transferred from the Army to the United States Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) through the Atomic Energy Act
Atomic Energy Act
Atomic Energy Act is a stock short title used for legislation in the United Kingdom and the United States relating to nuclear power and, or alternatively, nuclear weapons production....
of 1946. This Act was signed into law by President Harry S Truman on August 1, 1946, and entrusted the AEC with the government monopoly in the field of atomic research and development.
Energy Reorganization Act
The Energy Reorganization Act of 1974 abolished the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) and established the Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA). ERDA was created to achieve two goals:First was to focus the Federal Government’s energy research and development
Energy development
Energy development is the effort to provide sufficient primary energy sources and secondary energy forms for supply, cost, impact on air pollution and water pollution, mitigation of climate change with renewable energy....
activities within a unified agency whose major function would be to promote the speedy development of various energy technologies. The second, was to separate nuclear licensing and regulatory functions from the development and production of nuclear power and weapons.
Department of Energy (DOE)
To achieve a major Federal energy reorganization, the Department of Energy (DOE) was activated on October 1, 1977. DOE became the twelfth cabinet level department in the Federal Government and brought together for the first time most of the government's energy programs and defense responsibilities that included the design, construction, and testing of nuclear weapons. Uniting seemingly disparate organizations and programs reflected a common commitment to performing first rate science and technology. The Department of Energy sought–and continues to seek–to be one of the Nation’s premier science and technology organizations.Features section
The Energy Citations Database features noteworthy topics of discussion in the features section.Supercomputer Modeling & Visualization
Supercomputer Modeling & Visualization is a notable featured topic in June 2010. It is discussed in three DOE research areas. Two of these are discussed below in the context of the featured topic.SciDAC
SciDAC is a specially designed program within the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy. It enables scientific discovery through advanced computingSupercomputer
A supercomputer is a computer at the frontline of current processing capacity, particularly speed of calculation.Supercomputers are used for highly calculation-intensive tasks such as problems including quantum physics, weather forecasting, climate research, molecular modeling A supercomputer is a...
(SciDAC), and is driven by a spirit of collaboration. Discipline scientists, applied mathematician
Mathematician
A mathematician is a person whose primary area of study is the field of mathematics. Mathematicians are concerned with quantity, structure, space, and change....
s, and computer scientist
Computer scientist
A computer scientist is a scientist who has acquired knowledge of computer science, the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their application in computer systems....
s are working together to maximize use of the most sophisticated high-power computers for scientific discovery. Research results are promgulated through the SciDAC review magazine. Supercomputer Modeling & Visualization is covered in the Spring 2010 issue of this magazine.
VACET program
A perspective on supercomputer modeling & visualization is also discussed in the DOE's VACET program.The Visualization and Analytics Center for Enabling Technologies (VACET) focuses on leveraging scientific visualization and analytics software
Computational model
A computational model is a mathematical model in computational science that requires extensive computational resources to study the behavior of a complex system by computer simulation. The system under study is often a complex nonlinear system for which simple, intuitive analytical solutions are...
technology as an enabling technology
Technology
Technology is the making, usage, and knowledge of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems or methods of organization in order to solve a problem or perform a specific function. It can also refer to the collection of such tools, machinery, and procedures. The word technology comes ;...
for increasing scientific productivity and insight. Advances in computational technology have resulted in an "information big bang," which in turn has created a significant data understanding challenge. This challenge is widely acknowledged to be one of the primary bottlenecks in contemporary science
Science
Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe...
. Using an organizational model such as VACET, we are well positioned to respond to the needs of a diverse set of scientific stakeholders in a coordinated fashion using a range of visualization
Information graphics
Information graphics or infographics are graphic visual representations of information, data or knowledge. These graphics present complex information quickly and clearly, such as in signs, maps, journalism, technical writing, and education...
, mathematics, statistic
Statistic
A statistic is a single measure of some attribute of a sample . It is calculated by applying a function to the values of the items comprising the sample which are known together as a set of data.More formally, statistical theory defines a statistic as a function of a sample where the function...
s, computer and computational science
Computational science
Computational science is the field of study concerned with constructing mathematical models and quantitative analysis techniques and using computers to analyze and solve scientific problems...
and data management
Data management
Data management comprises all the disciplines related to managing data as a valuable resource.- Overview :The official definition provided by DAMA International, the professional organization for those in the data management profession, is: "Data Resource Management is the development and execution...
technologies.
The vision of VACET is to adapt, extend, create when necessary, and deploy visual data analysis solutions that are responsive to the needs of DOE's computational and experimental scientists. Our center is engineered to be directly responsive to those needs and to deliver solutions for use in DOE's large open computing facilities. The research and development directly target data understanding problems provided by our scientific application stakeholders. VACET draws from a diverse set of visualization technology ranging from production quality applications and application frameworks to state-of-the-art algorithms for visualization, analysis, analytics, data manipulation, and data management. Our goal is to respond to the urgent needs of the scientific community by providing significant, production-quality technology to aid in data understanding.
Regional Federal Depository Libraries
Federal depository libraries have been established by Congress to ensure that the American public has access to its Government's information. The Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP) involves the acquisition, format conversion, and distribution of depository materials to libraries throughout the United States and the coordination of Federal depository libraries in the 50 states, the District of Columbia and U.S. territories.
Since 1813, depository libraries have safeguarded the public's right to know by collecting, organizing, maintaining, preserving, and assisting users with information from the Federal Government. Depository libraries provide local, no-fee access to Government information in an impartial environment with professional assistance.
The mission of the FDLP is to disseminate information products from all three branches of the Government to about 1,250 libraries nationwide at no cost.
The U.S. Government Printing Office administers the FDLP and serves to provide this network of libraries with the tools they need to keep America informed.
Federal depository library coverage
Coverage generally encompasses:- Health & Nutrition
- Laws, Statistics, & Presidential Materials
- Science & Technology
- Business & Careers
- Education
- History
- World Maps
Available formats are publications, journals, electronic resources, microfiche, microfilm and various other formats encompassing hundreds of thousands of topics.
See also
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- Other bibliographic datahases:
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- CompendexCompendexCompendex, the computerized version of the Engineering Index, is a comprehensive engineering bibliographic database. Compendex is an index of engineering materials started in 1884, compiled by hand under the original title of Engineering Index. As Compendex it is now published by Elsevier. The...
- CAB Abstracts
- Chemical Abstracts ServiceChemical Abstracts ServiceChemical Abstracts is a periodical index that provides summaries and indexes of disclosures in recently published scientific documents. Approximately 8,000 journals, technical reports, dissertations, conference proceedings, and new books, in any of 50 languages, are monitored yearly, as are patent...
- CSA databasesCSA (database company)CSA Illumina is a provider of online databases, based in Ann Arbor, Michigan. It is now a division of ProQuest, which in turn is now a subsidiary of the Cambridge Information Group...
- Dialog (online database)Dialog (online database)Dialog is an online information service owned by ProQuest, who acquired it from Thomson Reuters in mid-2008.Dialog was one of the predecessors of the World Wide Web as a provider of information, though not in form. The earliest form of the Dialog system was completed in 1966 under the direction of...
- EBSCOhost
- SciSearch
- Energy Science and Technology DatabaseEnergy Science and Technology DatabaseThe Energy Science and Technology Database is a multidisciplinary file containing worldwide references to basic and applied scientific and technical research literature. The information is collected for use by government managers, researchers at the national laboratories, and other research...
- ETDEWEB
- Geographic Names Information SystemGeographic Names Information SystemThe Geographic Names Information System is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout the United States of America and its territories. It is a type of gazetteer...
- Global HealthGlobal healthGlobal health is the health of populations in a global context and transcends the perspectives and concerns of individual nations. Health problems that transcend national borders or have a global political and economic impact, are often emphasized...
- Materials Science Citation IndexMaterials Science Citation IndexThe Materials Science Citation Index is a citation index, established in 1992, by Thomson ISI . Its overall focus is cited reference searching of the notable and significant journal literature in materials science. The database makes accessible the various properties, behaviors, and materials in...
- MathSciNet
- PASCAL database
- Social Science Citation Index
- VINITI Database RASVINITI Database RASVINITI Database RAS is the All-Union Institute for Scientific and Technical Information database. It is described as a large abstracting database. In general, it is indexed for the natural sciences, exact sciences, and technical sciences...
- Web of ScienceWeb of ScienceISI Web of Knowledge is an academic citation indexing and search service, which is combined with web linking and provided by Thomson Reuters. Web of Knowledge coverage encompasses the sciences, social sciences, arts and humanities. It provides bibliographic content and the tools to access, analyze,...
- Web of Knowledge
- List of academic databases and search engines