Energy in Angola
Encyclopedia
Energy in Angola is primarily driven by hydroelectric power.
Angola
population
has increased 19.4 % in five years 2004-2009.
has extensive hydroelectric power resources that far exceed its present needs. The Capanda Dam
, on the Cuanza River
, provides Luanda
's industries with cheap power. Two dams on the Catumbela River produce power for the Lobito
and Benguela
areas. Matala Dam in southern Cunene
provides power to Lubango
and Namibe
. The Ruacaná Falls Dam, near the Namibia
n border, was completed in the late 1970s, but the power station is in Namibia. A 520 MW hydroelectric station on the Cuanza River at Kapanda was tentatively scheduled to have begun production in early 2003. As of late 2002, only three of the country's six dams (Cambambe, Biopo, and Matala) were operational; US$200 million has been allocated to repair the remaining dams, which suffered major damage in the civil war. In 2002, electricity generation was 1.728 TW·h, of which 34.5% came from fossil fuels and 65.5% from hydropower. In the same year, consumption of electricity totaled 1.607 TW·h. Total capacity in 2002 was 635 MW. Electricity is produced by Empresa Nacional de Electricidade de Angola
.
. In 1999, several oil companies were engaged in production, of which the largest was a subsidiary of Chevron
, Cabinda Gulf Oil Company. This company has a 49/51% participation agreement with Sonangol, the state oil company. Other firms included Fina Petróleos de Angola (a Belgian subsidiary), Elf Aquitaine
, and Texaco
. In 2004, crude oil production averaged 991000 oilbbl/d. ExxonMobil
subsidiary Esso
began development of a section of the Xikomba offshore oilfield in August 2002. Development was planned for a new 200000 oilbbl/d refinery in the city of Lobito, on the coast.
Overview
| Energy in Angola | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capita | Prim. energy | Production | Import | Electricity | CO2-emission | |
| Million | TWh | TWh | TWh | TWh | Mt | |
| 2004 | 15.49 | 110 | 667 | 547 | 1.92 | 7.81 |
| 2007 | 17.02 | 124 | 1,104 | 979 | 3.24 | 10.66 |
| 2008 | 18.02 | 128 | 1,231 | 1,090 | 3.41 | 10.56 |
| 2009 | 18.50 | 138 | 1,174 | 1,033 | 3.75 | 12.92 |
| Change 2004-2009 | 19.4 % | 25.4 % | 76.0 % | 88.7 % | 95.3 % | 65.4 % |
| Mtoe = 11.63 TWh, Prim. energy includes energy losses | ||||||
Angola
Demographics of Angola
This article is about the demographic features of the population of Angola, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population....
population
World population
The world population is the total number of living humans on the planet Earth. As of today, it is estimated to be billion by the United States Census Bureau...
has increased 19.4 % in five years 2004-2009.
Hydroelectricity
AngolaAngola
Angola, officially the Republic of Angola , is a country in south-central Africa bordered by Namibia on the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the north, and Zambia on the east; its west coast is on the Atlantic Ocean with Luanda as its capital city...
has extensive hydroelectric power resources that far exceed its present needs. The Capanda Dam
Capanda Dam
The Capanda Dam is a hydroelectric dam on the Kwanza River in Malanje Province, Angola. The facility generates power by utilizing four turbines and each, totalling the installed capacity to . The dam was constructed by Gamek, a government body, for a total cost of US$4 billion...
, on the Cuanza River
Cuanza River
The Cuanza River is a river in Angola. It empties into the Atlantic Ocean just south of the nation's capital, Luanda....
, provides Luanda
Luanda
Luanda, formerly named São Paulo da Assunção de Loanda, is the capital and largest city of Angola. Located on Angola's coast with the Atlantic Ocean, Luanda is both Angola's chief seaport and its administrative center. It has a population of at least 5 million...
's industries with cheap power. Two dams on the Catumbela River produce power for the Lobito
Lobito
Lobito is a town and municipality in Benguela Province in Angola.It dates from 1905 and owes its existence to the bay of the same name having been chosen as the sea terminus of the Benguela railway to the far interior, passing through Luau to Katanga in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The...
and Benguela
Benguela
Benguela is a city in western Angola, south of Luanda, and capital of Benguela Province. It lies on a bay of the same name, in 12° 33’ S., 13° 25’ E...
areas. Matala Dam in southern Cunene
Cunene (province)
Cunene is a province of Angola. It has an area of 87,342 km² and a population of approximately 200,000 to 300,000.-Overview:Ondjiva is the capital of the province it was previously known as Vila Pereira d’Eça . Ondjiva is the only city in this province...
provides power to Lubango
Lubango
Lubango is the capital city of the Angolan province of Huíla. Its last known population was 100,757. Until 1975, the city's official name was Sá da Bandeira.-Portuguese rule:...
and Namibe
Namibe
Namibe is the capital city of Namibe Province in Angola. It is a coastal desert city located in southwestern Angola and was founded in 1840 by the Portuguese rulers of the territory. The city's current population is 132,900...
. The Ruacaná Falls Dam, near the Namibia
Namibia
Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia , is a country in southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Angola and Zambia to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and east. It gained independence from South Africa on 21 March...
n border, was completed in the late 1970s, but the power station is in Namibia. A 520 MW hydroelectric station on the Cuanza River at Kapanda was tentatively scheduled to have begun production in early 2003. As of late 2002, only three of the country's six dams (Cambambe, Biopo, and Matala) were operational; US$200 million has been allocated to repair the remaining dams, which suffered major damage in the civil war. In 2002, electricity generation was 1.728 TW·h, of which 34.5% came from fossil fuels and 65.5% from hydropower. In the same year, consumption of electricity totaled 1.607 TW·h. Total capacity in 2002 was 635 MW. Electricity is produced by Empresa Nacional de Electricidade de Angola
Empresa Nacional de Electricidade de Angola
Empresa Nacional de Electricidade de Angola is an electricity company of Angola....
.
Crude oil
Crude oil, in the production of which Angola ranks second in sub-Saharan Africa, has been Angola’s chief export since 1973; it is also the leading source of government revenue, accounting for $2.9 billion in exports in 1994, or 95% of the total. As of end 2004, Angola had proven oil reserves of 8.8 billion barrels (1.40 km3). Oil reserves are along the Atlantic coast, mostly off shore Cabinda and the northern border area between Quinzau and SoyoSoyo
Soyo is a city located in the province of Zaire in Angola. Soyo recently became the largest oil-producing region in the country, with an estimate of .-Early history:...
. In 1999, several oil companies were engaged in production, of which the largest was a subsidiary of Chevron
Chevron Corporation
Chevron Corporation is an American multinational energy corporation headquartered in San Ramon, California, United States and active in more than 180 countries. It is engaged in every aspect of the oil, gas, and geothermal energy industries, including exploration and production; refining,...
, Cabinda Gulf Oil Company. This company has a 49/51% participation agreement with Sonangol, the state oil company. Other firms included Fina Petróleos de Angola (a Belgian subsidiary), Elf Aquitaine
Elf Aquitaine
Elf Aquitaine was a French oil company which merged with TotalFina to form TotalFinaElf. The new company changed its name to Total in 2003...
, and Texaco
Texaco
Texaco is the name of an American oil retail brand. Its flagship product is its fuel "Texaco with Techron". It also owns the Havoline motor oil brand....
. In 2004, crude oil production averaged 991000 oilbbl/d. ExxonMobil
ExxonMobil
Exxon Mobil Corporation or ExxonMobil, is an American multinational oil and gas corporation. It is a direct descendant of John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil company, and was formed on November 30, 1999, by the merger of Exxon and Mobil. Its headquarters are in Irving, Texas...
subsidiary Esso
Esso
Esso is an international trade name for ExxonMobil and its related companies. Pronounced , it is derived from the initials of the pre-1911 Standard Oil, and as such became the focus of much litigation and regulatory restriction in the United States. In 1972, it was largely replaced in the U.S. by...
began development of a section of the Xikomba offshore oilfield in August 2002. Development was planned for a new 200000 oilbbl/d refinery in the city of Lobito, on the coast.