Ernest Augustus IV, Prince of Hanover
Encyclopedia
Ernst August IV, Prince of Hanover, Hereditary Prince of Brunswick, Prince of Great Britain and Ireland (18 March 1914, Braunschweig
, Brunswick
, Germany
– 9 December 1987, Schulenburg, Pattensen
, Lower Saxony
, Germany
) was head of the House of Hanover
from 1953 until his death. He was the eldest son of Ernest Augustus III, Duke of Brunswick
and Princess Viktoria Luise of Prussia
, the daughter of his third cousin. Therefore, they were third cousins, once removed. From his birth, he was the Hereditary Prince of Brunswick
. He was also, shortly after birth in 1914, awarded the title of Prince of Great Britain
and Ireland
by King George V of the United Kingdom
, and was heir to the title of Duke of Cumberland
and Teviotdale and Earl of Armagh. His British titles were suspended under the Titles Deprivation Act 1917
.
. He had an illustrious list of godparents, including the German Emperor
and Empress
, his maternal grandparents; the Duke and Duchess
of Cumberland, his paternal grandparents; George V of the United Kingdom
, Franz Joseph of Austria, Nicholas II of Russia
, Ludwig III of Bavaria
, Frederick Francis IV, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
, Prince Adalbert of Prussia
, Prince Oskar of Prussia
, Prince Maximilian of Baden
and The 1st Royal Bavarian Heavy Cavalry Regiment.
He lost his titles when his father abdicated in 1918 when he was 4 years old. After his father's death in 1953, he became head of the House of Hanover
. He was usually styled His Royal Highness The Prince of Hanover and sometimes as Ernest Augustus IV.
In addition to being a German, he also held British nationality, after successfully claiming it under the Sophia Naturalization Act 1705 in the case of Attorney-General -v- HRH Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover [1957] 1 All ER 49. He was also heir to the British title of Duke of Cumberland
and Teviotdale, suspended under the Titles Deprivation Act 1917
.
(1925–80). The wedding was attended by many important royal figures, including his sister Queen Frederica and her husband King Paul I of Greece
, and the heads of the houses of Saxony, Hesse, Mecklenburg, Oldenburg, and Baden. The wedding was followed with a reception at Herrenhausen
, the only part of Hanover's former palace still intact (the rest had been burned down during World War II
).
Princess Ortrud died in 1980. Ernest Augustus married again in 1981, Countess Monika of Solms-Laubach
(born 1929).
His children by his first wife are:
|-
Braunschweig
Braunschweig , is a city of 247,400 people, located in the federal-state of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is located north of the Harz mountains at the farthest navigable point of the Oker river, which connects to the North Sea via the rivers Aller and Weser....
, Brunswick
Duchy of Brunswick
Brunswick was a historical state in Germany. Originally the territory of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel in the Holy Roman Empire, it was established as an independent duchy by the Congress of Vienna in 1815...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
– 9 December 1987, Schulenburg, Pattensen
Pattensen
Pattensen is a town in the district of Hanover, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approx. 12 km south of Hanover.-History:It was the capital of the Principality of Calenberg until 1636, when the capital moved to the town of Hanover, from which the state of Hanover was...
, Lower Saxony
Lower Saxony
Lower Saxony is a German state situated in north-western Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the sixteen states of Germany...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
) was head of the House of Hanover
House of Hanover
The House of Hanover is a deposed German royal dynasty which has ruled the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg , the Kingdom of Hanover, the Kingdom of Great Britain, the Kingdom of Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland...
from 1953 until his death. He was the eldest son of Ernest Augustus III, Duke of Brunswick
Ernest Augustus III, Duke of Brunswick
Ernest Augustus III , reigning Duke of Brunswick , was a grandson of George V of Hanover, whom the Prussians deposed in 1866...
and Princess Viktoria Luise of Prussia
Princess Viktoria Luise of Prussia
Victoria Louise of Prussia was the only daughter and the seventh child of William II, German Emperor and Empress Augusta Victoria. She was their last surviving child. Princess Victoria Louise is the maternal grandmother of Queen Sophie of Spain and the former King Constantine II of the Hellenes...
, the daughter of his third cousin. Therefore, they were third cousins, once removed. From his birth, he was the Hereditary Prince of Brunswick
Duchy of Brunswick
Brunswick was a historical state in Germany. Originally the territory of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel in the Holy Roman Empire, it was established as an independent duchy by the Congress of Vienna in 1815...
. He was also, shortly after birth in 1914, awarded the title of Prince of Great Britain
Great Britain
Great Britain or Britain is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, and the largest European island, as well as the largest of the British Isles...
and Ireland
Ireland
Ireland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
by King George V of the United Kingdom
George V of the United Kingdom
George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936....
, and was heir to the title of Duke of Cumberland
Duke of Cumberland
Duke of Cumberland is a peerage title that was conferred upon junior members of the British Royal Family, named after the county of Cumberland.-History:...
and Teviotdale and Earl of Armagh. His British titles were suspended under the Titles Deprivation Act 1917
Titles Deprivation Act 1917
The Titles Deprivation Act 1917 is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom which authorised enemies of the United Kingdom during the First World War to be deprived of their British peerages and royal titles. -Background:...
.
Life
His christening in the summer of 1914, was the last great gathering of European monarchs before the start of World War IWorld War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
. He had an illustrious list of godparents, including the German Emperor
William II, German Emperor
Wilhelm II was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia, ruling the German Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia from 15 June 1888 to 9 November 1918. He was a grandson of the British Queen Victoria and related to many monarchs and princes of Europe...
and Empress
Augusta Viktoria of Schleswig-Holstein
Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein was the last German Empress and Queen of Prussia. Her full German name was Auguste Victoria Friederike Luise Feodora Jenny von Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg.She was the eldest daughter of Frederick VIII, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein and Princess...
, his maternal grandparents; the Duke and Duchess
Princess Thyra of Denmark
Princess Thyra of Denmark was the youngest daughter of Christian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel.-Early life:Thyra was the sister of Frederik VIII of Denmark, Queen Alexandra of the United Kingdom, George I of Greece and...
of Cumberland, his paternal grandparents; George V of the United Kingdom
George V of the United Kingdom
George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936....
, Franz Joseph of Austria, Nicholas II of Russia
Nicholas II of Russia
Nicholas II was the last Emperor of Russia, Grand Prince of Finland, and titular King of Poland. His official short title was Nicholas II, Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias and he is known as Saint Nicholas the Passion-Bearer by the Russian Orthodox Church.Nicholas II ruled from 1894 until...
, Ludwig III of Bavaria
Ludwig III of Bavaria
Ludwig III , was the last King of Bavaria, reigning from 1913 to 1918.-Early life:...
, Frederick Francis IV, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Frederick Francis IV, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Frederick Francis IV was the last Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and regent of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.-Early life:...
, Prince Adalbert of Prussia
Prince Adalbert of Prussia
Prince Adalbert of Prussia was a son of Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany by his first wife, Princess Augusta Viktoria of Schleswig-Holstein.-Marriage:He married Princess Adelheid "Adi" of Saxe-Meiningen on 3 August 1914 in...
, Prince Oskar of Prussia
Prince Oskar of Prussia
Prince Oskar of Prussia was the fifth son of Wilhelm II, German Emperor and Augusta Viktoria of Schleswig-Holstein.-Education:...
, Prince Maximilian of Baden
Prince Maximilian of Baden
Maximilian of Baden was a German prince and politician...
and The 1st Royal Bavarian Heavy Cavalry Regiment.
He lost his titles when his father abdicated in 1918 when he was 4 years old. After his father's death in 1953, he became head of the House of Hanover
House of Hanover
The House of Hanover is a deposed German royal dynasty which has ruled the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg , the Kingdom of Hanover, the Kingdom of Great Britain, the Kingdom of Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland...
. He was usually styled His Royal Highness The Prince of Hanover and sometimes as Ernest Augustus IV.
In addition to being a German, he also held British nationality, after successfully claiming it under the Sophia Naturalization Act 1705 in the case of Attorney-General -v- HRH Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover [1957] 1 All ER 49. He was also heir to the British title of Duke of Cumberland
Duke of Cumberland
Duke of Cumberland is a peerage title that was conferred upon junior members of the British Royal Family, named after the county of Cumberland.-History:...
and Teviotdale, suspended under the Titles Deprivation Act 1917
Titles Deprivation Act 1917
The Titles Deprivation Act 1917 is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom which authorised enemies of the United Kingdom during the First World War to be deprived of their British peerages and royal titles. -Background:...
.
Marriage and children
On 5 September 1951, Ernest Augustus married Princess Ortrud of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-GlücksburgPrincess Ortrud of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg
Princess Ortrud of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg , was a member of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and a Princess of...
(1925–80). The wedding was attended by many important royal figures, including his sister Queen Frederica and her husband King Paul I of Greece
Paul of Greece
Paul reigned as King of Greece from 1947 to 1964.-Family and early life:Paul was born in Athens, the third son of King Constantine I of Greece and his wife, Princess Sophia of Prussia. He was trained as a naval officer....
, and the heads of the houses of Saxony, Hesse, Mecklenburg, Oldenburg, and Baden. The wedding was followed with a reception at Herrenhausen
Herrenhausen
Herrenhausen is an area of the German city Hanover which is most notable for the baroque Herrenhausen Gardens.Ernest Augustus, Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg died in Herrenhausen Castle and his grandson King George II of Great Britain was born there. During the Second World War the castle was...
, the only part of Hanover's former palace still intact (the rest had been burned down during World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
).
Princess Ortrud died in 1980. Ernest Augustus married again in 1981, Countess Monika of Solms-Laubach
Countess Monika of Solms-Laubach
Monika, Dowager Princess of Hanover is the second wife and widow of Ernest Augustus IV, Prince of Hanover. Monika is the eldest daughter of Georg Friedrich, Count of Solms-Laubach and Princess Johanna of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich....
(born 1929).
His children by his first wife are:
- Princess Marie Viktoria Luise Hertha Friederike of HanoverMarie, Countess of HochbergPrincess Marie of Hanover , Princess of Great Britain and Ireland, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg is the wife of Count Michael of Hochberg...
(b. 1952), married Count Michael of Hochberg and had issue - Ernst August V Albert Paul Otto Rupprecht Oskar Berthold Friedrich-Ferdinand Christian Ludwig, Prince of HanoverErnst August V, Prince of HanoverErnst August, Prince of Hanover , is the third husband of Princess Caroline of Monaco, heiress presumptive to the throne of Monaco...
(b. 1954), married first Chantal Hochuli and had issue, married second Princess Caroline of Monaco and had issue - Prince Ludwig Rudolph Georg Wilhelm Philipp Friedrich Wolrad Maximilian of HanoverPrince Ludwig Rudolph of HanoverPrince Ludwig Rudolph of Hanover was a member of the House of Hanover and a music producer.-Early life and career:...
(1955–1988), married Countess Isabelle of Thurn and Valsassina-Como-Vercelli (1962–1988) with whom he had one son. Ludwig committed suicide shortly after discovering the body of his wife, who had died of a drug overdose. - Princess Olga Sophie Charlotte Anna of HanoverPrincess Olga of Hanover (b. 1958)Princess Olga of Hanover , Princess of Great Britain and Ireland, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg is the fourth child and second eldest daughter of Ernest Augustus IV, Prince of Hanover and...
(b. 1958) - Princess Alexandra Irene Margaretha Elisabeth Bathildis of HanoverAlexandra, Princess of LeiningenPrincess Alexandra of Hanover , Princess of Great Britain and Ireland, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Princess of Leiningen is the wife of Andreas, 8th Prince of Leiningen....
(b. 1959), married Andreas, 8th Prince of Leiningen and had issue - Prince Heinrich Julius Christian Otto Friedrich Franz Anton Günther of HanoverPrince Heinrich Julius of HanoverPrince Heinrich Julius Christian Otto Friedrich Franz Anton Günter of Hanover , Prince of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg is a historian and publisher in Göttingen with publishing firm MatrixMedia.-Parents:Heinrich Julius is the youngest child of Ernest Augustus IV, Prince of...
(b. 1961), married Thyra von Westernhagen and had issue (including a son, Albert, born on the 138th anniversary of the death of his ancestor, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
Ancestry
External links
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