Ernst Julius Remak was a German

Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

 neurologist

Neurologist

A neurologist is a physician who specializes in neurology, and is trained to investigate, or diagnose and treat neurological disorders.Neurology is the medical specialty related to the human nervous system. The nervous system encompasses the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. A specialist...

 who was the son of famed neurologist Robert Remak

Robert Remak

-External links:*** in the Virtual Laboratory of the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science...

 and the father of the mathematician Robert Remak

Robert Remak (mathematician)

Robert Erich Remak was a German mathematician. He is chiefly remembered for his work in group theory . His other interests included algebraic number theory, mathematical economics and geometry of numbers...

. He received his education at the Universities of Breslau, Berlin, Würzburg

University of Würzburg

The University of Würzburg is a university in Würzburg, Germany, founded in 1402. The university is a member of the distinguished Coimbra Group.-Name:...

, Strasbourg and Heidelberg, and obtained the degree of M.D.

Doctor of Medicine

Doctor of Medicine is a doctoral degree for physicians. The degree is granted by medical schools...

 in 1870. At Heidelberg, he was a student of neurologist Wilhelm Heinrich Erb

Wilhelm Heinrich Erb

Wilhelm Heinrich Erb was a German neurologist who was a native of Winnweiler, Rhineland-Palatinate.- Academic career :...

. Afterwards he took part in the Franco-Prussian War

Franco-Prussian War

The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the 1870 War was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia. Prussia was aided by the North German Confederation, of which it was a member, and the South German states of Baden, Württemberg and...

 of 1870-71. After serving as assistant in the department for nervous diseases at the Charité

Charité

The Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin is the medical school for both the Humboldt University and the Free University of Berlin. After the merger with their fourth campus in 2003, the Charité is one of the largest university hospitals in Europe....

 Hospital, Berlin

Berlin

Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...

 from 1873 to 1875, he established himself as a neuropathologist

Neuropathology

Neuropathology is the study of disease of nervous system tissue, usually in the form of either small surgical biopsies or whole autopsy brains. Neuropathology is a subspecialty of anatomic pathology, neurology, and neurosurgery...

 in the German capital, where he became privat-docent in 1877, and professor

Professor

A professor is a scholarly teacher; the precise meaning of the term varies by country. Literally, professor derives from Latin as a "person who professes" being usually an expert in arts or sciences; a teacher of high rank...

 in 1893.

With Edward Flatau

Edward Flatau

Edward Flatau was a Polish neurologist. His work greatly influenced the developing field of neurology. He established neurobiologic and neuropathological sciences in Poland...

 he published an important work on neuritis and polyneuritis that was selected by Carl Nothnagel

Carl Nothnagel

Carl Wilhelm Hermann Nothnagel was a German internist born in Alt-Lietzegöricke , nearby Bärwalde in der Neumark , Neumark, Brandenburg....

 to be part of his Handbuch der speziellen Pathologie und Therapie. His name is associated with the eponymous "Remak reflex", which is plantar flexion of the first three toes and sometimes the foot with extension of the knee

Knee

The knee joint joins the thigh with the leg and consists of two articulations: one between the fibula and tibia, and one between the femur and patella. It is the largest joint in the human body and is very complicated. The knee is a mobile trocho-ginglymus , which permits flexion and extension as...

, induced by stroking of the upper anterior surface of the thigh

Thigh

In humans the thigh is the area between the pelvis and the knee. Anatomically, it is part of the lower limb.The single bone in the thigh is called the femur...

. This reflex is a sign of a spinal cord

Spinal cord

The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue and support cells that extends from the brain . The brain and spinal cord together make up the central nervous system...

 lesion.

Literary works

Remak has contributed more than 50 essay

Essay

An essay is a piece of writing which is often written from an author's personal point of view. Essays can consist of a number of elements, including: literary criticism, political manifestos, learned arguments, observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author. The definition...

s to the professional journals, and is the author of:

• "Grundriss der Elektrodiagnostik und Elektrotherapie für Praktische Aerzte", Vienna
  Vienna
  Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
  
  , 1895;
• "Neuritis und Polyneuritis," in Nothnagel's, "Handbuch der Speziellen Pathologic und Therapie", ib. 1900;