The es shell is a command line interpreter developed by Byron Rakitzis

Byron Rakitzis

- Biography :He studied in Princeton University, obtaining the title of Bachelor of Arts in Physics in 1990.The same year he won the IOCCC contest, in the Best Utility category....

 and Paul Haahr, that uses a scripting language

Scripting language

A scripting language, script language, or extension language is a programming language that allows control of one or more applications. "Scripts" are distinct from the core code of the application, as they are usually written in a different language and are often created or at least modified by the...

 similar to the rc shell of the Plan 9

Plan 9 from Bell Labs

Plan 9 from Bell Labs is a distributed operating system. It was developed primarily for research purposes as the successor to Unix by the Computing Sciences Research Center at Bell Labs between the mid-1980s and 2002...

 operating system

Operating system

An operating system is a set of programs that manage computer hardware resources and provide common services for application software. The operating system is the most important type of system software in a computer system...

. It is intended to provide a fully functional

Functional programming

In computer science, functional programming is a programming paradigm that treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and avoids state and mutable data. It emphasizes the application of functions, in contrast to the imperative programming style, which emphasizes changes in state...

 programming language

Programming language

A programming language is an artificial language designed to communicate instructions to a machine, particularly a computer. Programming languages can be used to create programs that control the behavior of a machine and/or to express algorithms precisely....

 as a Unix shell

Unix shell

A Unix shell is a command-line interpreter or shell that provides a traditional user interface for the Unix operating system and for Unix-like systems...

. The bulk of es' development occurred in the early 1990s. A paper on an early version of the es shell was presented at the Winter 1993 USENIX

USENIX

-External links:* *...

 conference in San Diego.

A patched version of [ftp://ftp.sys.utoronto.ca/pub/es/es-0.9-beta1.tar.gz es-0.9-beta1] which includes job control features, a precompiled binary, additional documentation, a basic emacs

Emacs

Emacs is a class of text editors, usually characterized by their extensibility. GNU Emacs has over 1,000 commands. It also allows the user to combine these commands into macros to automate work.Development began in the mid-1970s and continues actively...

 editing mode and other contributed programs is available: es-0.9-beta1job-control.tar.bz2

The Xs shell is a fork of es with bugfixes, code cleanup, better readline integration and syntax improvements.
Kes is a fork of es compatible with Linux and Mac OS X.

External links

• The es shell
• [ftp://ftp.sys.utoronto.ca/pub/es/ FTP archive for the es shell] Includes mailing list archives