Eucalyptus paniculata
Encyclopedia
Eucalyptus paniculata is a common eucalyptus
tree of eastern New South Wales
, Australia
. A dark trunked forest tree with grey furrowed bark. When in flower, the nectar is attractive to birds and insects, and is used in honey production.
. Previously a common tree in the inner western suburbs of Sydney
. A remnant ironbark still grows in the inner city suburb of Glebe
at St. Johns church.
Usually found near the coast on good quality soils. Soils include types such as fertile sandy loams with fairly heavy sub-soils. But it can also tolerate poorer soils on stony ridges. The largest trees are found in moist gullies, but it also occurs on ridges, hills and relatively flat country. The average annual rainfall in its range is between 750 and 1750 mm. The climate is warm humid to sub-humid, frosts are rare or absent.
was measured at 56 metres tall and a trunk diameter at breast height of 1.94 metres.
The bark is fairly typical of ironbark
s, being rough, hard and furrowed. But somewhat paler than some ironbarks. Also, the bark can be almost corky in some trees. From a distance it may appear brown, rather than grey. Young trees have a compact dense crown, but with age the canopy becomes more open.
White flowers form on panicle
s between May and January. Juvenile leaves are opposite on the stem. Adult leaves are alternate on the stem, a different green above and below the leaf. Somewhat glossy above. Noticeably veiny, lanceolate in shape, 15 cm long by 2.3 wide. Gumnuts are 0.9 x 0.7 cm, hemispherical or reverse conical in shape.
name in the Sydney region for this tree is Torrangora. The specific epithet paniculata refers to the drooping panicle
s of flowers. The species first appeared in scientific literature in 1797 in the Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 3: 287. Published by the renowned English botanist James Edward Smith
. The original specimen was collected in Sydney by David Burton
. Burton was acting on commission to collect botanic samples for Joseph Banks
.
borer.
Eucalyptus
Eucalyptus is a diverse genus of flowering trees in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. Members of the genus dominate the tree flora of Australia...
tree of eastern New South Wales
New South Wales
New South Wales is a state of :Australia, located in the east of the country. It is bordered by Queensland, Victoria and South Australia to the north, south and west respectively. To the east, the state is bordered by the Tasman Sea, which forms part of the Pacific Ocean. New South Wales...
, Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
. A dark trunked forest tree with grey furrowed bark. When in flower, the nectar is attractive to birds and insects, and is used in honey production.
Habitat
The natural range of distribution is high rainfall coastal areas from Bermagui to BulahdelahBulahdelah
Bulahdelah is a locality in the Hunter/Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia in the Great Lakes Council Local Government Area. The main population centre, where 69% of the area's population lives, is the town of Bulahdelah.-Geography:...
. Previously a common tree in the inner western suburbs of Sydney
Sydney
Sydney is the most populous city in Australia and the state capital of New South Wales. Sydney is located on Australia's south-east coast of the Tasman Sea. As of June 2010, the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people...
. A remnant ironbark still grows in the inner city suburb of Glebe
Glebe, New South Wales
Glebe is an inner-city suburb of Sydney. Glebe is located 3 km south-west of the Sydney central business district and is part of the local government area of the City of Sydney, in the Inner West region....
at St. Johns church.
Usually found near the coast on good quality soils. Soils include types such as fertile sandy loams with fairly heavy sub-soils. But it can also tolerate poorer soils on stony ridges. The largest trees are found in moist gullies, but it also occurs on ridges, hills and relatively flat country. The average annual rainfall in its range is between 750 and 1750 mm. The climate is warm humid to sub-humid, frosts are rare or absent.
Description
A forest tree, mostly seen between 20 and 30 metres tall. However, a tree at Yarrat, near TareeTaree, New South Wales
Taree is a city on the Mid North Coast, New South Wales, Australia. Taree and nearby Cundletown were settled in 1831 by William Wynter. Since then Taree has grown to a population of around 20,000 people and is the centre of a significant agricultural district. It is 16 km from the sea coast,...
was measured at 56 metres tall and a trunk diameter at breast height of 1.94 metres.
The bark is fairly typical of ironbark
Ironbark
Ironbark is a common name of a number of species in three taxonomic groups within the genus Eucalyptus that have dark, deeply furrowed bark....
s, being rough, hard and furrowed. But somewhat paler than some ironbarks. Also, the bark can be almost corky in some trees. From a distance it may appear brown, rather than grey. Young trees have a compact dense crown, but with age the canopy becomes more open.
White flowers form on panicle
Panicle
A panicle is a compound raceme, a loose, much-branched indeterminate inflorescence with pedicellate flowers attached along the secondary branches; in other words, a branched cluster of flowers in which the branches are racemes....
s between May and January. Juvenile leaves are opposite on the stem. Adult leaves are alternate on the stem, a different green above and below the leaf. Somewhat glossy above. Noticeably veiny, lanceolate in shape, 15 cm long by 2.3 wide. Gumnuts are 0.9 x 0.7 cm, hemispherical or reverse conical in shape.
Naming
The indigenousIndigenous Australians
Indigenous Australians are the original inhabitants of the Australian continent and nearby islands. The Aboriginal Indigenous Australians migrated from the Indian continent around 75,000 to 100,000 years ago....
name in the Sydney region for this tree is Torrangora. The specific epithet paniculata refers to the drooping panicle
Panicle
A panicle is a compound raceme, a loose, much-branched indeterminate inflorescence with pedicellate flowers attached along the secondary branches; in other words, a branched cluster of flowers in which the branches are racemes....
s of flowers. The species first appeared in scientific literature in 1797 in the Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 3: 287. Published by the renowned English botanist James Edward Smith
James Edward Smith
Sir James Edward Smith was an English botanist and founder of the Linnean Society.Smith was born in Norwich in 1759, the son of a wealthy wool merchant. He displayed a precocious interest in the natural world...
. The original specimen was collected in Sydney by David Burton
David Burton (botanist)
David Burton was a botanist and surveyor in early colonial New South Wales.He arrived in the colony in 1791 as superintendent of convicts, and with a private commission to collect plant and seed specimens for Sir Joseph Banks...
. Burton was acting on commission to collect botanic samples for Joseph Banks
Joseph Banks
Sir Joseph Banks, 1st Baronet, GCB, PRS was an English naturalist, botanist and patron of the natural sciences. He took part in Captain James Cook's first great voyage . Banks is credited with the introduction to the Western world of eucalyptus, acacia, mimosa and the genus named after him,...
.
Timber
Grey Ironbark is well regarded by foresters for the high quality of timber. It is particularly hard, strong and durable. A very heavy timber, being 1120 kilograms per cubic metre. Heart wood is red-brown or dark brown. The timber has various uses, including railway sleepers, heavy engineering, construction, poles and cross-arms. Timber is difficult to plane and nail. It is slow in drying, requiring careful handling to avoid surface checking. Annual wood production potential is 9 to 18 cubic metres per hectare. The timber is not susceptible to the lyctusLyctus brunneus
Lyctus brunneus is a species of beetle in the family Bostrichidae , with a worldwide distribution, being present in tropical Africa, Oceania, the Palearctic , the Nearctic, the Neotropics, North Africa and East Asia. It is absent from the Near East...
borer.