Eugène Guillevic
Encyclopedia
Eugène Guillevic (øʒɛn ɡijəvik) was one of the better known French poets of the second half of the 20th century. Professionally, he went under just the single name "Guillevic".
(Nord
) in 1909, Saint-Jean-Brévelay
(Morbihan
) in 1912, and Ferrette
(Haut-Rhin
) in 1919.
After a BA in mathematics, he was placed by the exams
of 1926, in the Administration of Registration (Alsace, Ardennes). Appointed in 1935 to Paris as senior editor at the Directorate General at the Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs, he was assigned in 1942 to control the economy. He was from 1945 to 1947 in the Cabinets of Ministers Francis Billoux (National Economy) and Charles Tillon
(Reconstruction). In 1947 after the ouster of Communist ministers, he returned to the Inspector General of Economics, where his work included studies of the economy and planning, until his retirement in 1967.
He was a pre-war friend of Jean Follain
, who introduced him to the "Sagresse" group. Then he belonged to the "School of Rochefort".
He was a practicing Catholic for about thirty years. He became a communist sympathizer during the Spanish Civil War
, and in 1942 joined the Communist Party when he joined with Paul Éluard
, and participated in the publications of the underground press (Pierre Seghers
, Jean Lescure
).
His poetry is concise, straightforward as rock, rough and generous, but still suggestive. His poetry is also characterized by its rejection of metaphors, in that he prefers comparisons which he considered less misleading.
Life
He was born in the rocky landscape and marine environment of Brittany. His father, a sailor, was a policeman and took him to JeumontJeumont
Jeumont is a commune lying on the Belgian border, located in the Maubeuge-Nord canton department in northern France.-Heraldry:-References:*...
(Nord
Nord
Nord may refer to:Places:* Nord, California, an unincorporated community in Butte County, California* Nord , a department in northern France* Nord Department , a department in northern Haiti...
) in 1909, Saint-Jean-Brévelay
Saint-Jean-Brévelay
Saint-Jean-Brévelay is a commune in the Morbihan department of Brittany in north-western France.-Demographics:Inhabitants of Saint-Jean-Brévelay are called in French Brévelais.-References:* * -External links:* *...
(Morbihan
Morbihan
Morbihan is a department in Brittany, situated in the northwest of France. It is named after the Morbihan , the enclosed sea that is the principal feature of the coastline.-History:...
) in 1912, and Ferrette
Ferrette
Ferrette is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France.It is situated close to the Swiss border. Its main attraction is the Château de Ferrette.-County of Ferrette:...
(Haut-Rhin
Haut-Rhin
Haut-Rhin is a département of the Alsace region of France, named after the Rhine river. Its name means Upper Rhine. Haut-Rhin is the smaller and less populated of the two departements of Alsace, although is still densely populated compared to the rest of France.-Subdivisions:The department...
) in 1919.
After a BA in mathematics, he was placed by the exams
Competitive examination
A competitive examination is an examination angwhere candidates are ranked according to their grades. If the examination is open for n positions, then the first n candidates in ranks pass, the others are rejected...
of 1926, in the Administration of Registration (Alsace, Ardennes). Appointed in 1935 to Paris as senior editor at the Directorate General at the Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs, he was assigned in 1942 to control the economy. He was from 1945 to 1947 in the Cabinets of Ministers Francis Billoux (National Economy) and Charles Tillon
Charles Tillon
Charles Tillon was a French politician.- Biography :Tillon was born in Rennes in the Ille-et-Vilaine département....
(Reconstruction). In 1947 after the ouster of Communist ministers, he returned to the Inspector General of Economics, where his work included studies of the economy and planning, until his retirement in 1967.
He was a pre-war friend of Jean Follain
Jean Follain
Jean Follain, was a French author, poet and corporate lawyer. In the early days of his career he was a member of the "Sagesse" group. Follain was a friend of Max Jacob, André Salmon, Jean Paulhan, Pierre Pussy, Armen Lubin, and Pierre Reverdy...
, who introduced him to the "Sagresse" group. Then he belonged to the "School of Rochefort".
He was a practicing Catholic for about thirty years. He became a communist sympathizer during the Spanish Civil War
Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil WarAlso known as The Crusade among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War among Carlists, and The Rebellion or Uprising among Republicans. was a major conflict fought in Spain from 17 July 1936 to 1 April 1939...
, and in 1942 joined the Communist Party when he joined with Paul Éluard
Paul Éluard
Paul Éluard, born Eugène Émile Paul Grindel , was a French poet who was one of the founders of the surrealist movement.-Biography:...
, and participated in the publications of the underground press (Pierre Seghers
Pierre Seghers
Pierre Seghers was a French poet and editor. During the Second World War he took part in the French Resistance movement....
, Jean Lescure
Jean Lescure
- Biography :In 1938 Jean Lescure published his first plaquette of poems, "Le voyage immobile", and launched the review "Messages" ....
).
His poetry is concise, straightforward as rock, rough and generous, but still suggestive. His poetry is also characterized by its rejection of metaphors, in that he prefers comparisons which he considered less misleading.
Awards
- 1976 Grand Award for Poetry of the Académie françaiseAcadémie françaiseL'Académie française , also called the French Academy, is the pre-eminent French learned body on matters pertaining to the French language. The Académie was officially established in 1635 by Cardinal Richelieu, the chief minister to King Louis XIII. Suppressed in 1793 during the French Revolution,...
- 1984 Grand National Prize for Poetry
- 1988 Prix GoncourtPrix GoncourtThe Prix Goncourt is a prize in French literature, given by the académie Goncourt to the author of "the best and most imaginative prose work of the year"...
for poetry
English Translation Works
- Carnac, Bloodaxe, John Montague (Translator), December 2000, ISBN 9781852243937
- The Sea & Other Poems, Black Widow Press/Commonwealth Books, Inc. Patricia Terry (Translator), July 15, 2007, ISBN 9780976844983
French Works
- L'Expérience Guillevic (1923–1938, documents de travail publiés en 1994)
- Requiem (1938, plaquette de 6 poèmes non repris par l'auteur)[1]
- Terraqué, Gallimard, Paris, 1942.
- Elégies, avec une lithographie de Jean Dubuffet, Le Calligraphe, Paris 1946
- Fractures, Éditions de Minuit, collection L'Honneur des poètes, Paris 1947
- Exécutoire, Gallimard, Paris, 1947.
- Gagner, Gallimard, Paris, 1949.
- Terre à bonheur, Seghers, Paris, 1952; édition augmentée d' Envie de vivre, Seghers, Paris, 1985.
- 31 sonnets, préface Aragon, Gallimard, Paris, 1954 [recueil que Guillevic n'a pas souhaité voir réédité].
- Carnac, Gallimard, Paris, 1961.
- Sphère, Gallimard, Paris, 1963.
- Avec, Gallimard, Paris, 1966.
- Euclidiennes, Gallimard, Paris, 1967.
- Ville, Gallimard, Paris, 1969.
- Paroi, Gallimard, Paris, 1970.
- Encoches, Editeurs français réunis, Paris, 1970.
- Inclus, Gallimard, Paris, 1973.
- Du domaine, Gallimard, Paris, 1977.
- Étier, poèmes 1965-1975, Gallimard, Paris, 1979.
- Autres, poèmes 1969-1979, Gallimard, Paris, 1980.
- Trouées, poèmes 1973-1980, Gallimard, Paris, 1981.
- Guitare, avec des bois en couleurs de Gérard Blanchet, Les Bibliophiles de France, 1982
- Requis, poèmes 1977-1982, Gallimard, Paris, 1983 (ISBN 2070267385).
- Timbres, Ecrits des Forges, Trois-Rivières, 1986 (ISBN 2890460983).
- Motifs, poèmes 1981-1984, Gallimard, Paris, 1987 (ISBN 2070711102).
- Creusement, poèmes 1977-1986, Gallimard, Paris, 1987 (ISBN 2070711099).
- Qui, L'Instant perpétuel, Rouen, 1987
- Art poétique, poème 1985-1986, Gallimard, Paris, 1989 (ISBN 2070717283).
- Le Chant, poème 1987-1988, Gallimard, Paris, 1990 (ISBN 207072123X).
- Impacts, Deyrolle Editeur, Cognac, 1990 (ISBN 2908487012).
- Maintenant, poème 1986-1992, Gallimard, Paris, 1993 (ISBN 2070733424).
- Possibles futurs, poèmes 1982-1994, Gallimard, Paris, 1996 (ISBN 2070745678).
- Proses ou Boire dans le secret des grottes, Fischbacher, Paris, 2001 [édition posthume élaborée par Lucie Albertini-Guillevic et Jérôme Pellissier]. (ISBN 9782717900262)
- Quotidiennes, poèmes 1994-1996, Gallimard, Paris, 2002.
- Présent, poèmes 1987-1997, Gallimard, Paris, 2004 (ISBN 2070770214)
- Pas si bêtes'!, Seghers Jeunesse, 2004,(ISBN 2232122530)
- Relier, poèmes 1938-1996, Gallimard, Paris, 2007 [édition posthume élaborée par Lucie Albertini-Guillevic], 810 p. (ISBN 9782970785148)
- Humour blanc et autres fabliettes, Seghers Jeunesse, 2008 (ISBN 9782232123016)
Reedited Pocket Edition
- Terraqué, suivi d'Exécutoire, préface Jacques Borel, 1968.
- Sphère suivi de Carnac, 1977.
- Du domaine suivi de Euclidiennes.
- Etier suivi de Autres, 1997 (ISBN 2070326284).
- Art poétique précédé de Paroi et suivi de Le Chant.
- Possibles futurs, 2007.