Eurocopter Tiger
Encyclopedia
The Eurocopter Tiger (company designation EC 665) is an attack helicopter
manufactured by Eurocopter. In Germany it is known as the Tiger; in France and Spain it is called the Tigre.
In 1984, the West German and French governments issued a requirement for an advanced multi-role battlefield helicopter
. A joint venture consisting of MBB
and Aérospatiale
was subsequently chosen as the preferred supplier. Due to high costs, the program was cancelled in 1986, but was relaunched during 1987. Subsequently, in November 1989, Eurocopter received a contract to build five prototypes. Three were to be unarmed testbeds and the other two armed prototypes: one for the German anti-tank variant and the other for the French escort helicopter variant.
The first prototype first flew in April 1991. When Aérospatiale and MBB, among others, merged in 1992 to form the Eurocopter Group, the Tiger program was transferred as well. Serial production of the Tiger began in March 2002 and the first flight of the first production Tiger HAP for the French Army took place in March 2003. The delivery of the first of the eighty helicopters ordered by the French took place in September 2003.
At the end of 2003, deliveries began of the 80 UHT version combat support helicopters ordered by Germany to the Federal Office of Defense Technology and Procurement. Due to technical problems, operational capability is not expected to be achieved before the end of 2012 at the latest.
In September 2003, Spain selected a variant of the Tiger HAP combat support helicopter – the Tiger HAD – for its army. The 24 helicopters of this type that have been ordered will be armed with the PARS 3 LR and Mistral missile
systems. They will also have an uprated Enhanced MTR390 engine and so be able to lift a heavier payload. Deliveries are scheduled for 2007–2008. France opted to upgrade most of its HAP Helicopter to HAD; so the HAC-Variant will never be built. In June 2006, the Rafael Spike-ER
was selected by the Spanish Army to be the ATGM of the Spanish HAD, instead of the previously announced Trigat missile system.
In July 2006, the Saudi government signed a contract to purchase a total of 142 helicopters, including 12 Tiger attack helicopters. However the deal later fell through. Equally, although it was originally reported that the Tiger would be competing with Kamov Ka-50
, and Mil Mi-28
for the order of 22 attack helicopters by Indian Air Force
, the Tiger was later withdrawn from the competition. In late-2009 it was revealed that the Tiger was undergoing upgrades and as such was not able to participate in the Indian field trials.
By June 2006, 28 production Tigers were flying, including 18 aircraft delivered to their customers of 4 countries. These 28 aircraft had logged about 4,000 flight hours together.
The body of the Tiger is made from 80% carbon fiber reinforced polymer and kevlar, 11% aluminium, and 6% titanium. The rotors are made from fiber-plastic able to withstand combat damage and bird strike
s. Protection against lightning and electromagnetic pulse
is ensured by embedded copper/bronze grid and copper bonding foil.
While the Tiger has a conventional helicopter gunship configuration of the two crew sitting in tandem, it is somewhat unusual in that the pilot is in the front seat and the gunner is in the back, unlike all other current attack helicopters. The seats are offset to opposite sides of the centerline to improve the view forward for the gunner in the back.
Crews coming to the Tiger from other platforms require additional training because the additional capabilities bring a higher workload.
can withstand 23 mm autocannon fire. The helicopter includes the AN/AAR-60 MILDS System developed by EADS DE. It includes radar warning, laser warning, and a missile launch/approach detector systems and is connected to a central processing unit from Thales and a SAPHIR-M chaff/flare dispenser from MBDA. The Tiger's visual, radar, infrared, sound signatures have been minimised.
Datalinks systems are Link 4A, Thales Proprietary PR4G, and STANAG 5066
. Its radios are HF, MF, VHF, UHF, military SATCOM, and GPS receiver.
turboshaft engines.
French Foreign Minister Alain Juppe announced on 23 May 2011 that the French ship Tonnerre amphibious assault helicopter carrier with attack helicopters aboard would be deployed to the Libyan coast to enforce UN resolution 1973. On 4 June 2011 French Tiger and British Apache helicopters were used for the first time against targets within Libya.
It is fitted with a chin-mounted 30 mm gun turret and can carry 68 mm SNEB
unguided rockets or 20 mm machine cannons for the fire support role as well as Mistral
air-to-air missiles.
The UHT (from Unterstützungshubschrauber Tiger German for Support Helicopter Tiger) is a medium-weight multi-role fire support helicopter built for the Bundeswehr
(German Armed Forces).
The UHT can carry PARS 3 LR
"fire and forget" and/or HOT3
anti-tank missiles as well as 70 mm Hydra
air-to-ground fire support rockets. Four AIM-92 Stinger
missiles (2 on each side) are mounted for air-to-air combat. Unlike the HAP/HCP version it has no integrated gun turret, but a 12.7 mm gunpod can be fitted if needed. The German Army decided against the French 30 mm GIAT cannon that is used on other Tiger versions because it was dissatisfied with the heavy recoil
of this weapon. The upgrade of the UHT with the Rheinmetall RMK30
, a 30 mm recoilless autocannon, is not yet clarified due to the budget.
Another noticeable difference with the HAP version is the use of a mast-mounted sight, which has second-generation infrared and CCD TV cameras. Countermeasures include radar/laser/missile launch/missile approach warning receivers and decoy launchers.
In August 2009, the German magazine Der Spiegel
reported that the ten operational Tiger aircraft in the German Army were only suitable for pilot training, while others have not been accepted due to defects. The German defense ministry said that the helicopter has "serious defects particularly with its wiring," while Eurocopter said "Corrective measures related to wiring problems have been developed, agreed by the customer and are being implemented," and that two corrected helicopters will be handed over to the German military in two months.
to replace its OH-58 Kiowa
s and UH-1 Iroquois
-based 'Bushranger' gunships. The Tiger ARH is a modified and upgraded version of the Tiger HAP with upgraded MTR390 engines as well as a laser designator
incorporated in the Strix sight for the firing of Hellfire II
air-to-ground missiles. Instead of SNEB
unguided rockets, the ARH will use 70 mm (2.75 in) rockets from Belgian developer, Forges de Zeebruges (FZ). 22 of the variant were ordered in December 2001. Most of the helicopters will be operated by the 1st Aviation Regiment based at Robertson Barracks
in Darwin
.
The first two ARH helicopters were delivered to Australia on 15 December 2004. ARH deliveries were to be completed . Full operating capability was planned for December 2011.
. It can also be equipped with the PARS 3 LR anti-tank missiles that were originally developed for the German UHT version, the Hellfire II
and is equipped with Spike ER
for Spanish Army.
The helicopter is suited for a support and fire suppression role and has been selected by the Spanish Army. The French Army Light Aviation
(ALAT) decided to upgrade most of their HAP helicopters to the HAD-Variant and thus the former HAC Variant (i.e. Hélicoptère Anti-Char or "Anti-Tank Helicopter") was cancelled.
Attack helicopter
An attack helicopter is a military helicopter with the primary role of an attack aircraft, with the capability of engaging targets on the ground, such as enemy infantry and armored vehicles...
manufactured by Eurocopter. In Germany it is known as the Tiger; in France and Spain it is called the Tigre.
Origins
Helicopter
A helicopter is a type of rotorcraft in which lift and thrust are supplied by one or more engine-driven rotors. This allows the helicopter to take off and land vertically, to hover, and to fly forwards, backwards, and laterally...
. A joint venture consisting of MBB
Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm
Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm was a German aerospace company formed as the result of several mergers in the late 1960s. Among its best-known products was the MBB Bo 105 light twin helicopter...
and Aérospatiale
Aérospatiale
Aérospatiale was a French aerospace manufacturer that built both civilian and military aircraft, rockets and satellites. It was originally known as Société Nationale Industrielle Aérospatiale...
was subsequently chosen as the preferred supplier. Due to high costs, the program was cancelled in 1986, but was relaunched during 1987. Subsequently, in November 1989, Eurocopter received a contract to build five prototypes. Three were to be unarmed testbeds and the other two armed prototypes: one for the German anti-tank variant and the other for the French escort helicopter variant.
The first prototype first flew in April 1991. When Aérospatiale and MBB, among others, merged in 1992 to form the Eurocopter Group, the Tiger program was transferred as well. Serial production of the Tiger began in March 2002 and the first flight of the first production Tiger HAP for the French Army took place in March 2003. The delivery of the first of the eighty helicopters ordered by the French took place in September 2003.
At the end of 2003, deliveries began of the 80 UHT version combat support helicopters ordered by Germany to the Federal Office of Defense Technology and Procurement. Due to technical problems, operational capability is not expected to be achieved before the end of 2012 at the latest.
Exports
In December 2001, Eurocopter was awarded the contract for the Australian Army's "AIR 87 requirement", which was for 22 helicopters of the Tiger ARH (Armed Reconnaissance Helicopter) version. The first Tiger ARH was scheduled to enter service in 2004. 18 of the 22 aircraft will be assembled at the Brisbane facility of Australian Aerospace, the local Eurocopter subsidiary in Australia. However, because of delays in attaining operational capability, Australia's Defence Materiel Organisation had to stop payment for the helicopters on 1 July 2007. By 2008 the main issues had been addressed and payments resumed. However, in October 2010 it was revealed that the helicopters will not be fully operational for another two years.In September 2003, Spain selected a variant of the Tiger HAP combat support helicopter – the Tiger HAD – for its army. The 24 helicopters of this type that have been ordered will be armed with the PARS 3 LR and Mistral missile
Mistral missile
Mistral is an infrared homing surface-to-air missile manufactured by the European multinational company MBDA missile systems . Based on the French SATCP , the portable missile later to become the Mistral began development in 1974...
systems. They will also have an uprated Enhanced MTR390 engine and so be able to lift a heavier payload. Deliveries are scheduled for 2007–2008. France opted to upgrade most of its HAP Helicopter to HAD; so the HAC-Variant will never be built. In June 2006, the Rafael Spike-ER
Spike (missile)
Spike is a fourth generation man-portable fire-and-forget anti-tank guided missile with tandem-charged HEAT warhead, developed and designed by the Israeli company Rafael Advanced Defense Systems and in service with a number of nations....
was selected by the Spanish Army to be the ATGM of the Spanish HAD, instead of the previously announced Trigat missile system.
In July 2006, the Saudi government signed a contract to purchase a total of 142 helicopters, including 12 Tiger attack helicopters. However the deal later fell through. Equally, although it was originally reported that the Tiger would be competing with Kamov Ka-50
Kamov Ka-50
The Kamov Ka-50 "Black Shark" is a single-seat Russian attack helicopter with the distinctive coaxial rotor system of the Kamov design bureau. It was designed in the 1980s and adopted for service in the Russian army in 1995...
, and Mil Mi-28
Mil Mi-28
The Mil Mi-28 is a Russian all-weather day-night military tandem two-seat anti-armour attack helicopter. It is a dedicated attack helicopter with no intended secondary transport capability, better optimized than the Mil Mi-24 for the role...
for the order of 22 attack helicopters by Indian Air Force
Indian Air Force
The Indian Air Force is the air arm of the Indian armed forces. Its primary responsibility is to secure Indian airspace and to conduct aerial warfare during a conflict...
, the Tiger was later withdrawn from the competition. In late-2009 it was revealed that the Tiger was undergoing upgrades and as such was not able to participate in the Indian field trials.
By June 2006, 28 production Tigers were flying, including 18 aircraft delivered to their customers of 4 countries. These 28 aircraft had logged about 4,000 flight hours together.
Design
Bird strike
A bird strike—sometimes called birdstrike, avian ingestion , bird hit, or BASH —is a collision between an airborne animal and a man-made vehicle, especially aircraft...
s. Protection against lightning and electromagnetic pulse
Electromagnetic pulse
An electromagnetic pulse is a burst of electromagnetic radiation. The abrupt pulse of electromagnetic radiation usually results from certain types of high energy explosions, especially a nuclear explosion, or from a suddenly fluctuating magnetic field...
is ensured by embedded copper/bronze grid and copper bonding foil.
While the Tiger has a conventional helicopter gunship configuration of the two crew sitting in tandem, it is somewhat unusual in that the pilot is in the front seat and the gunner is in the back, unlike all other current attack helicopters. The seats are offset to opposite sides of the centerline to improve the view forward for the gunner in the back.
Crews coming to the Tiger from other platforms require additional training because the additional capabilities bring a higher workload.
Protection
The Tiger's armourArmour
Armour or armor is protective covering used to prevent damage from being inflicted to an object, individual or a vehicle through use of direct contact weapons or projectiles, usually during combat, or from damage caused by a potentially dangerous environment or action...
can withstand 23 mm autocannon fire. The helicopter includes the AN/AAR-60 MILDS System developed by EADS DE. It includes radar warning, laser warning, and a missile launch/approach detector systems and is connected to a central processing unit from Thales and a SAPHIR-M chaff/flare dispenser from MBDA. The Tiger's visual, radar, infrared, sound signatures have been minimised.
Navigation/communications
The navigation system contains two Thales Avionique three-axis ring laser gyro units, two magnetometers, two air data computers, BAE Systems Canada CMA 2012 four-beam Doppler radar, radio altimeter, global positioning system, and a suite of low air speed sensors and sensors for terrain-following.Datalinks systems are Link 4A, Thales Proprietary PR4G, and STANAG 5066
STANAG 5066
STANAG 5066 is a NATO specification to enable applications to communicate efficiently over HF radio.STANAG 5066 provides peer protocols that operate above an HF modem and below the application level...
. Its radios are HF, MF, VHF, UHF, military SATCOM, and GPS receiver.
Engines
The Tiger is powered by two MTU Turbomeca Rolls-Royce MTR390MTR390
-External links:* * * * *...
turboshaft engines.
Cost
The system cost (helicopter, armament, support) depends on number and version:- Tiger HAP US$35–39 million
- Tiger ARH US$36 million
- Tiger HAD US$44–48 million
- Tiger UHT US$38–43 million
Helmet-Mounted Sight Display
- French helicopters are equipped with TopOwl helmet-mounted sight for both pilot/co-pilot and one HUD for the pilot from Thales Avionics.
- German crew is equipped with HMSD from BAE systems.
- Australian Tigers crew use the TopOwl HMSD from Thales Avionics.
Operational history
On 26 July 2009, three French Tiger HAP helicopters of the 5th Helicopter Regiment arrived at Kabul International Airport in Afghanistan. This is the first active deployment of the Eurocopter Tiger in a war zone. The helicopters were to perform armed reconnaissance and fire support missions to aid the effort of coalition ground troops in quelling the growing Taliban insurgency. The Tigers had their operational certification in Afghanistan in early August 2009. Until July 2010, three Tigers have totalled 1,000 hours of operation. During a night mission on 4 February 2011 a French Tiger crashed about 30 miles east of Kabul, both pilots were lightly injured.French Foreign Minister Alain Juppe announced on 23 May 2011 that the French ship Tonnerre amphibious assault helicopter carrier with attack helicopters aboard would be deployed to the Libyan coast to enforce UN resolution 1973. On 4 June 2011 French Tiger and British Apache helicopters were used for the first time against targets within Libya.
Tiger HAP
The Tiger HAP/HCP (Hélicoptère d'Appui Protection, French for "Support and Escort Helicopter" / Hélicoptère de Combat Polyvalent French for "Multipurpose Combat Helicopter") is a medium-weight air-to-air combat and fire support helicopter built for the French Army.It is fitted with a chin-mounted 30 mm gun turret and can carry 68 mm SNEB
SNEB
The SNEB rocket is an unguided air-to-ground rocket projectile manufactured by the French company TDA Armements, designed for launch by combat aircraft and helicopters. Two other rockets were developed in the and caliber...
unguided rockets or 20 mm machine cannons for the fire support role as well as Mistral
Mistral missile
Mistral is an infrared homing surface-to-air missile manufactured by the European multinational company MBDA missile systems . Based on the French SATCP , the portable missile later to become the Mistral began development in 1974...
air-to-air missiles.
UH Tiger
Bundeswehr
The Bundeswehr consists of the unified armed forces of Germany and their civil administration and procurement authorities...
(German Armed Forces).
The UHT can carry PARS 3 LR
Trigat
The PARS 3 LR in German service, also known as TRIGAT-LR and AC 3G in French, is a currently in development fire-and-forget missile which can be used against air or ground targets...
"fire and forget" and/or HOT3
Euromissile HOT
The HOT is a second-generation long-range anti-tank missile system developed originally as an effort to meet a joint German-French Army requirement, by the then German firm Bolkow and the French firm Nord, to replace the older SS.11 wire guided...
anti-tank missiles as well as 70 mm Hydra
Hydra 70
The Hydra 70 rocket is a weapon derived from the 70 mm Mk 4/Mk 40 Folding-Fin Aerial Rocket developed by the United States Navy for use as a free-flight aerial rocket in the late 1940s.-Overview:...
air-to-ground fire support rockets. Four AIM-92 Stinger
AIM-92 Stinger
The AIM-92 Stinger or ATAS is an air-to-air missile developed from the shoulder-launched FIM-92 Stinger system, for use on helicopters such as the AH-64 Apache, Eurocopter Tiger and also UAVs such as the MQ-1 Predator...
missiles (2 on each side) are mounted for air-to-air combat. Unlike the HAP/HCP version it has no integrated gun turret, but a 12.7 mm gunpod can be fitted if needed. The German Army decided against the French 30 mm GIAT cannon that is used on other Tiger versions because it was dissatisfied with the heavy recoil
Recoil
Recoil is the backward momentum of a gun when it is discharged. In technical terms, the recoil caused by the gun exactly balances the forward momentum of the projectile and exhaust gasses, according to Newton's third law...
of this weapon. The upgrade of the UHT with the Rheinmetall RMK30
Rheinmetall RMK30
The RMK 30 is a recoilless 30 mm caliber autocannon firing caseless 30 x 250 mm ammunition cartridges...
, a 30 mm recoilless autocannon, is not yet clarified due to the budget.
Another noticeable difference with the HAP version is the use of a mast-mounted sight, which has second-generation infrared and CCD TV cameras. Countermeasures include radar/laser/missile launch/missile approach warning receivers and decoy launchers.
In August 2009, the German magazine Der Spiegel
Der Spiegel
Der Spiegel is a German weekly news magazine published in Hamburg. It is one of Europe's largest publications of its kind, with a weekly circulation of more than one million.-Overview:...
reported that the ten operational Tiger aircraft in the German Army were only suitable for pilot training, while others have not been accepted due to defects. The German defense ministry said that the helicopter has "serious defects particularly with its wiring," while Eurocopter said "Corrective measures related to wiring problems have been developed, agreed by the customer and are being implemented," and that two corrected helicopters will be handed over to the German military in two months.
Tiger ARH
The Tiger ARH (Armed Reconnaissance Helicopter) is the version ordered by the Australian ArmyAustralian Army
The Australian Army is Australia's military land force. It is part of the Australian Defence Force along with the Royal Australian Navy and the Royal Australian Air Force. While the Chief of Defence commands the Australian Defence Force , the Army is commanded by the Chief of Army...
to replace its OH-58 Kiowa
OH-58 Kiowa
The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support. Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on the 206A JetRanger helicopter. The OH-58 has been in continuous use by the U.S...
s and UH-1 Iroquois
UH-1 Iroquois
The Bell UH-1 Iroquois is a military helicopter powered by a single, turboshaft engine, with a two-bladed main rotor and tail rotor. The helicopter was developed by Bell Helicopter to meet the United States Army's requirement for a medical evacuation and utility helicopter in 1952, and first flew...
-based 'Bushranger' gunships. The Tiger ARH is a modified and upgraded version of the Tiger HAP with upgraded MTR390 engines as well as a laser designator
Laser designator
A laser designator is a laser light source which is used to designate a target. Laser designators provide targeting for laser guided bombs, missiles, or precision artillery munitions, such as the Paveway series of bombs, Lockheed-Martin's Hellfire, or the Copperhead round, respectively.When a...
incorporated in the Strix sight for the firing of Hellfire II
AGM-114 Hellfire
The AGM-114 Hellfire is an air-to-surface missile developed primarily for anti-armor use. It has multi-mission, multi-target precision-strike capability, and can be launched from multiple air, sea, and ground platforms. The Hellfire missile is the primary 100 lb-class air-to-ground precision...
air-to-ground missiles. Instead of SNEB
SNEB
The SNEB rocket is an unguided air-to-ground rocket projectile manufactured by the French company TDA Armements, designed for launch by combat aircraft and helicopters. Two other rockets were developed in the and caliber...
unguided rockets, the ARH will use 70 mm (2.75 in) rockets from Belgian developer, Forges de Zeebruges (FZ). 22 of the variant were ordered in December 2001. Most of the helicopters will be operated by the 1st Aviation Regiment based at Robertson Barracks
Robertson Barracks
For the Robertson Barracks, Norfolk, England see RAF Swanton MorleyRobertson Barracks is a major Australian Army base located in the outer Darwin, Northern Territory suburb of Holtze in the Municipality of Litchfield. The barracks was built during the 1990s. The Barracks are home to the 1st Brigade...
in Darwin
Darwin, Northern Territory
Darwin is the capital city of the Northern Territory, Australia. Situated on the Timor Sea, Darwin has a population of 127,500, making it by far the largest and most populated city in the sparsely populated Northern Territory, but the least populous of all Australia's capital cities...
.
The first two ARH helicopters were delivered to Australia on 15 December 2004. ARH deliveries were to be completed . Full operating capability was planned for December 2011.
Tiger HAD
The Tiger HAD (Hélicoptère d'Appui Destruction, in French or Helicoptero de Apoyo y Destrucción in Spanish for "Support and Attack Helicopter") version is essentially identical to the HAP version, but with 14% more engine power available due to the upgraded Enhanced MTR390 engines (1464 shp) and a better ballistic protection, as a result of the specific requests made by the Spanish ArmyFAMET
The Spanish Army Airmobile Forces An Independent Army Aviation force was formed in 1965 as Aviación Ligera del Ejército de Tierra and renamed FAMET in 1973.- Organization :* Headquarter...
. It can also be equipped with the PARS 3 LR anti-tank missiles that were originally developed for the German UHT version, the Hellfire II
AGM-114 Hellfire
The AGM-114 Hellfire is an air-to-surface missile developed primarily for anti-armor use. It has multi-mission, multi-target precision-strike capability, and can be launched from multiple air, sea, and ground platforms. The Hellfire missile is the primary 100 lb-class air-to-ground precision...
and is equipped with Spike ER
Spike (missile)
Spike is a fourth generation man-portable fire-and-forget anti-tank guided missile with tandem-charged HEAT warhead, developed and designed by the Israeli company Rafael Advanced Defense Systems and in service with a number of nations....
for Spanish Army.
The helicopter is suited for a support and fire suppression role and has been selected by the Spanish Army. The French Army Light Aviation
French Army Light Aviation
The French Army Light Aviation is the aviation service of the French Army.-History:The French Army Light Aviation was established on 22 November 1954 for observation, reconnaissance, assault and supply duties.-Composition:...
(ALAT) decided to upgrade most of their HAP helicopters to the HAD-Variant and thus the former HAC Variant (i.e. Hélicoptère Anti-Char or "Anti-Tank Helicopter") was cancelled.
Operators
- Australian ArmyAustralian ArmyThe Australian Army is Australia's military land force. It is part of the Australian Defence Force along with the Royal Australian Navy and the Royal Australian Air Force. While the Chief of Defence commands the Australian Defence Force , the Army is commanded by the Chief of Army...
ordered 22 Tiger ARHs; 16 helicopters were in service in December 2010.- 1st Aviation Regiment – Robertson BarracksRobertson BarracksFor the Robertson Barracks, Norfolk, England see RAF Swanton MorleyRobertson Barracks is a major Australian Army base located in the outer Darwin, Northern Territory suburb of Holtze in the Municipality of Litchfield. The barracks was built during the 1990s. The Barracks are home to the 1st Brigade...
- 161st Squadron
- 162nd Squadron
- 1st Aviation Regiment – Robertson Barracks
- French ArmyFrench ArmyThe French Army, officially the Armée de Terre , is the land-based and largest component of the French Armed Forces.As of 2010, the army employs 123,100 regulars, 18,350 part-time reservists and 7,700 Legionnaires. All soldiers are professionals, following the suspension of conscription, voted in...
ordered 80 helicopters (40 HAP and 40 HAD); 24 were in inventory as of December 2010. 3 have been deployed to Afghanistan since mid-2009.- 5th Combat Helicopter Regiment (5e Régiment d'Hélicoptères de Combat)
- German ArmyGerman ArmyThe German Army is the land component of the armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany. Following the disbanding of the Wehrmacht after World War II, it was re-established in 1955 as the Bundesheer, part of the newly formed West German Bundeswehr along with the Navy and the Air Force...
ordered 80 Tiger UHT helicopters. 6 were in service in December 2010.- 36th Attack helicopter regiment (Kampfhubschrauberregiment 36)
- Spanish ArmySpanish ArmyThe Spanish Army is the terrestrial army of the Spanish Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. It is one of the oldest active armies - dating back to the 15th century.-Introduction:...
ordered 24 Tiger HAD helicopters, 5 were in operation in December 2010.- 1st Attack Helicopter Battalion (Batallón de Helicópteros de Ataque núm. I)