Eurovision Song Contest 1975
Encyclopedia
The Eurovision Song Contest
1975 was the 20th edition of the contest hosted by SR
and held in Stockholm
, Sweden
. The arena for the event was the newly built Stockholm International Fairs in Älvsjö
in southern Stockholm
. ABBA
's victory in Brighton
the previous year gave Sweden the right to host the contest for the first time. The Contest was won by Teach-In
, who sang "Ding-A-Dong
" in English
, representing the Netherlands
.
Intelligence reports at the time pointed out the festival as a possible target for a terrorist attack by the Red Army Faction
which forced the organizers to tighten security considerably. The attack struck the West German
embassy in Stockholm instead about a month later (see West German embassy siege).
The Portuguese entry "Madrugada
" was an unabashed celebration of the Carnation Revolution
, during which the country's 1974 Eurovision entry had played a pivotal practical role. According to author and historian John Kennedy O'Connor in his book The Eurovision Song Contest - The Official History, the Portuguese performer had to be dissuaded from wearing his Portuguese army uniform and carrying a gun onto the stage. Some competitors (notably Portugal and Yugoslavia) opted to perform their songs in English for the rehearsals heard by the judges, but in their native tongue at the final. Others, such as Belgium and Germany, opted for a mix of their own language and English.
The Swedish left movement protested against the contest and its commercial aspect. At first the criticism was directed towards SR for the huge amount of money they spent on the contest but soon the protests developed into a movement against commercial music overall. When the Eurovision Song Contest took place an alternative festival was organized in another part of Stockholm where anybody who wanted could perform a song. Most popular became Sillstryparn
's entry "Doing the omoralisk schlagerfestival" (Doing the immoral Eurovision festival). In the autumn of 1975 SR informed that Sweden would not participate in the 1976 edition of the Eurovision Song Contest due to the high costs that came with hosting the show. The rules later changed so that the costs were split more equally between the participating broadcasters.
This year a new scoring system was implemented, one which is still used today. Each jury would now give 12 points to the best song, 10 to the second best, then 8 to the third, 7 to the fourth, 6 to the fifth and so forth until the tenth best song (in the jury's opinion) received a single point. The host Karin Falck several times confused the new system with questions like "How much is seven in France?" Unlike today, the points were not given in order (from 1 up to 12), but in the order the songs were performed. The current procedure was not established until 1980
.
Greece withdrew from this contest in response to the 1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus, in protest of Turkey's participation. Despite this, a record of 19 countries took part.
The Netherlands' victory was their fourth. To date, they have not managed to take any more.
- Colman Pearce
- Jean Musy - Rainer Pietsch - Phil Coulter
- Carsten Klouman
- Peter Jacques - Mario Rijavec - Alyn Ainsworth
- Vince Tempera
- Francis Bay
- Eldad Shrem - Timur Selçuk
- André Popp
- Ossi Runne
- Pedro Osório - Juan Carlos Calderón - Lars Samuelson
- Pier Natale Massara
(Nederland 2
) - Mike Murphy (RTÉ Television
), John Skehan
(RTÉ Radio 1
) - Georges de Caunes (TF1
) - Werner Veigel
(ARD Deutsches Fernsehen
) - Jacques Navadic
(RTL Télé Luxembourg
) - John Andreassen
(NRK
), Erik Heyerdahl (NRK P1
) - Theodor Haller (TV DRS
), Georges Hardy (TSR
), Giovanni Bertini
(TSI) - Milovan Ilić
(TVB1), Oliver Mlakar
(TVZ 2), Tomaž Terček (TVL2) - Pete Murray (BBC1), Terry Wogan
(BBC Radio 2
) - Norman Hamilton
- Herman Verelst
(BRT
), Paule Herreman
(RTB
) - No commentator - Bülend Özveren
(TRT
) - Georges de Caunes (Télé Monte Carlo
) - Heikki Seppälä (YLE TV2
) - Júlio Isidro (I Programa) - José Luis Uribarri
(TVE1) - Åke Strömmer (SR TV1
), Ursula Richter (SR P3
) http://www.infosajten.com/esc/esc/swedishspokesmen.html - Silvio Noto (Programma Nazionale) (Non-participating country) - Ernst Grissemann
(2. Programm
) (Non-participating country) - Claus Toksvig
(DR TV
) (Non-participating country) - Mako Georgiadou (ERT)
- Brendan Balfe
- TBC - TBC - TBC - Sverre Christophersen - Michel Stocker - Miloje Orlović - Ray Moore
- TBC - Fernand Verreth - Yitzhak Shim'oni - Bülent Osma - TBC - Kaarina Pönniö - Ana Zanatti - José María Íñigo
- Sven Lindahl - Anna Maria Gambineri
(actor), Piedad García de la Rasilla (director of Woman's Bank), Ana Lázaro (choreographer and dance teacher), Vicente López
(student), Esperanza Manzanares (nurse), Gerardo Prieto (student), Fernando Cerrada (athlete), Carmen de la Maza (actress), Maria Ángeles de los Reyes (psychologist)
Eurovision Song Contest
The Eurovision Song Contest is an annual competition held among active member countries of the European Broadcasting Union .Each member country submits a song to be performed on live television and then casts votes for the other countries' songs to determine the most popular song in the competition...
1975 was the 20th edition of the contest hosted by SR
Sveriges Radio
Sveriges Radio AB – Swedish Radio Ltd – is Sweden's national publicly funded radio broadcaster. The Swedish public-broadcasting system is in many respects modelled after the one used in the United Kingdom, and Sveriges Radio - like Sveriges Television - shares many characteristics with...
and held in Stockholm
Stockholm
Stockholm is the capital and the largest city of Sweden and constitutes the most populated urban area in Scandinavia. Stockholm is the most populous city in Sweden, with a population of 851,155 in the municipality , 1.37 million in the urban area , and around 2.1 million in the metropolitan area...
, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. The arena for the event was the newly built Stockholm International Fairs in Älvsjö
Älvsjö
Älvsjö is a district of the city of Stockholm Municipality in Sweden. Located in Söderort and a district in the borough Älvsjö. It has the biggest rentable facility in northern Europe called Stockholm International Fairs. In 2008, total population was 956 inhabitants....
in southern Stockholm
Stockholm Municipality
Stockholm Municipality or the City of Stockholm is a municipality in Stockholm County in east central Sweden. It is the largest of the 290 municipalities of the country in terms of population, but one of the smaller in terms of area, making it the most densely populated...
. ABBA
ABBA
ABBA was a Swedish pop group formed in Stockholm in 1970 which consisted of Anni-Frid Lyngstad, Björn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson and Agnetha Fältskog...
's victory in Brighton
Brighton
Brighton is the major part of the city of Brighton and Hove in East Sussex, England on the south coast of Great Britain...
the previous year gave Sweden the right to host the contest for the first time. The Contest was won by Teach-In
Teach-In
Teach-In was a Dutch band, best known for winning Eurovision Song Contest 1975 with the song Ding-A-Dong. The band was founded in 1969 and parted in 1980. Throughout this time there were several changes in lineup.-History:...
, who sang "Ding-A-Dong
Ding-A-Dong
Ding-A-Dong was the title of the winning song in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975...
" in English
English language
English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...
, representing the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
.
Intelligence reports at the time pointed out the festival as a possible target for a terrorist attack by the Red Army Faction
Red Army Faction
The radicalized were, like many in the New Left, influenced by:* Sociological developments, pressure within the educational system in and outside Europe and the U.S...
which forced the organizers to tighten security considerably. The attack struck the West German
West Germany
West Germany is the common English, but not official, name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG in the period between its creation in May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990....
embassy in Stockholm instead about a month later (see West German embassy siege).
The Portuguese entry "Madrugada
Madrugada (song)
"Madrugada" was the Portuguese entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, performed in Portuguese by Duarte Mendes.The song is a moderately up-tempo number, describing the joy felt in Portugal at the success of the Carnation Revolution of the year before, in which Mendes participated - which had...
" was an unabashed celebration of the Carnation Revolution
Carnation Revolution
The Carnation Revolution , also referred to as the 25 de Abril , was a military coup started on 25 April 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, coupled with an unanticipated and extensive campaign of civil resistance...
, during which the country's 1974 Eurovision entry had played a pivotal practical role. According to author and historian John Kennedy O'Connor in his book The Eurovision Song Contest - The Official History, the Portuguese performer had to be dissuaded from wearing his Portuguese army uniform and carrying a gun onto the stage. Some competitors (notably Portugal and Yugoslavia) opted to perform their songs in English for the rehearsals heard by the judges, but in their native tongue at the final. Others, such as Belgium and Germany, opted for a mix of their own language and English.
The Swedish left movement protested against the contest and its commercial aspect. At first the criticism was directed towards SR for the huge amount of money they spent on the contest but soon the protests developed into a movement against commercial music overall. When the Eurovision Song Contest took place an alternative festival was organized in another part of Stockholm where anybody who wanted could perform a song. Most popular became Sillstryparn
Ulf Dageby
Ulf Thorbjörn Dageby is a Swedish rock musician, singer and songwriter. Dageby is mostly known for his role in the leftist “rock orchestra” and theater ensemble Nationalteatern.-Biography:...
's entry "Doing the omoralisk schlagerfestival" (Doing the immoral Eurovision festival). In the autumn of 1975 SR informed that Sweden would not participate in the 1976 edition of the Eurovision Song Contest due to the high costs that came with hosting the show. The rules later changed so that the costs were split more equally between the participating broadcasters.
This year a new scoring system was implemented, one which is still used today. Each jury would now give 12 points to the best song, 10 to the second best, then 8 to the third, 7 to the fourth, 6 to the fifth and so forth until the tenth best song (in the jury's opinion) received a single point. The host Karin Falck several times confused the new system with questions like "How much is seven in France?" Unlike today, the points were not given in order (from 1 up to 12), but in the order the songs were performed. The current procedure was not established until 1980
Eurovision Song Contest 1980
The Eurovision Song Contest 1980 was the 25th Eurovision Song Contest and was held on 19 April 1980 in The Hague. The presenter was Marlous Fluitsma, although each song was introduced by a presenter from the nation represented...
.
Greece withdrew from this contest in response to the 1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus, in protest of Turkey's participation. Despite this, a record of 19 countries took part.
The Netherlands' victory was their fourth. To date, they have not managed to take any more.
Results
Draw | Country | Language | Artist | Song | English translation | Place | Points |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
01 | English English language English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria... |
Teach-In Teach-In Teach-In was a Dutch band, best known for winning Eurovision Song Contest 1975 with the song Ding-A-Dong. The band was founded in 1969 and parted in 1980. Throughout this time there were several changes in lineup.-History:... |
"Ding-A-Dong Ding-A-Dong Ding-A-Dong was the title of the winning song in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975... " |
- | 1 | 152 | |
02 | English English language English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria... |
The Swarbriggs The Swarbriggs Thomas Sheridan and John James Swarbrigg are Irish music promoters and former pop musicians. As The Swarbriggs they represented Ireland at the 1975 Eurovision Song Contest with That's What Friends Are For. As The Swarbriggs Plus Two, with Nicola Kerr and Alma Carroll, they competed again in 1977... |
"That's What Friends Are For" | - | 9 | 68 | |
03 | French French language French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts... |
Nicole Rieu Nicole Rieu Nicole Rieu is a French singer, best known outside France for her participation in the 1975 Eurovision Song Contest.... |
"Et bonjour à toi l'artiste Et Bonjour À Toi L'Artiste "Et bonjour à toi l'artiste" was the French entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, performed in French by Nicole Rieu.... " |
And A Good Day To You Artist | 4 | 91 | |
04 | German German language German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union.... , English English language English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria... |
Joy Fleming Joy Fleming Joy Fleming is a German singer who is probably best-known for her performance in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1975... |
"Ein Lied kann eine Brücke sein Ein Lied Kann Eine Brücke Sein "Ein Lied kann eine Brücke sein" was the German entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, performed primarily in German by Joy Fleming. The song was composed by Rainer Pietsch, who would go on to co-write several of French disco queen Amanda Lear's hits in the late 70s and early 80s, and the... " |
A Song Can Be A Bridge | 17 | 15 | |
05 | French French language French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts... |
Geraldine | "Toi Toi (song) "Toi" was the Luxembourgish entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, performed in French by Irish singer Geraldine. The entry had a high pedigree, being penned by three authors/composers who had all written/composed previous Eurovision winners... " |
You | 5 | 84 | |
06 | English English language English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria... |
Ellen Nikolaysen Ellen Nikolaysen Ellen Helen Nikolaysen is a Norwegian singer/actress. She participated in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1973 as part of the Bendik Singers group with the song It's Just A Game and again as backing vocalist for fellow Bendik Singer Anne-Karine Strøm in 1974 before competing in her third... |
"Touch My Life (With Summer) Touch My Life (With Summer) Touch My Life , alternatively You touched my life with summer as it states the Eurovision official website, was the Norwegian entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, performed in English by Ellen Nikolaysen.... " |
- | 18 | 11 | |
07 | German German language German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union.... |
Simone Drexel | "Mikado Mikado (song) "Mikado" was the Swiss entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, performed in German by Simone Drexel.The song is about the game Mikado. At the close of voting, it had received 77 points, placing 6th in a field of 19.... " |
Mikado Mikado (game) Mikado is a pick-up sticks game originating in Europe. In 1936 it was brought from Hungary to the USA and was mostly called pick-up sticks. This term is not very specific in respect to existing stick game variations. Probably the "Mikado" name was not used because it was a brand name of a game... |
6 | 77 | |
08 | Slovene | Pepel In Kri | "Dan ljubezni Dan ljubezni "Dan ljubezni" was the Yugoslavian entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, performed in Slovene by the band Pepel in Kri .... " |
A Day Of Love | 13 | 22 | |
09 | English English language English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria... |
The Shadows The Shadows The Shadows are a British pop group with a total of 69 UK hit-charted singles: 35 as 'The Shadows' and 34 as 'Cliff Richard and the Shadows', from the 1950s to the 2000s. Cliff Richard in casual conversation with the British rock press frequently refers to the Shadows by their nickname: 'The Shads'... |
"Let Me Be The One Let Me Be the One (Eurovision song) Let me Be The One was the British entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, written by Paul Curtis and performed in English by the band The Shadows.... " |
- | 2 | 138 | |
10 | English English language English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria... |
Renato Renato Micallef Renato Micallef is a Maltese pop singer. His full name is Nazzareno Alessandro Micallef Garrett. Renato has had been active in the Maltese music scene since the age of 12.... |
"Singing This Song Singing This Song "Singing This Song" was the Maltese entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, performed in English by Renato.... " |
- | 12 | 32 | |
11 | Dutch Dutch language Dutch is a West Germanic language and the native language of the majority of the population of the Netherlands, Belgium, and Suriname, the three member states of the Dutch Language Union. Most speakers live in the European Union, where it is a first language for about 23 million and a second... , English English language English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria... |
Ann Christy Ann Christy (singer) Ann Christy was a Belgian singer who enjoyed success in her native country and is best known internationally for her participation in the 1975 Eurovision Song Contest.... |
"Gelukkig zijn Gelukkig Zijn "Gelukkig zijn" was the Belgian entry at the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, performed in Dutch and English by Ann Christy... " |
Being Happy | 15 | 17 | |
12 | Hebrew Hebrew language Hebrew is a Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Culturally, is it considered by Jews and other religious groups as the language of the Jewish people, though other Jewish languages had originated among diaspora Jews, and the Hebrew language is also used by non-Jewish groups, such... |
Shlomo Artzi Shlomo Artzi Shlomo Artzi is an Israeli folk rock singer-songwriter, and composer.He was born on November 26, 1949, in Moshav Alonei Abba. In the course of his career, he has sold over 1.5 million albums, making him one of Israel's most successful male singers.... |
"At Va'Ani At Va'Ani "At Va'Ani" was the Israeli entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, performed in Hebrew by Shlomo Artzi.... " (את ואני) |
You And Me | 11 | 40 | |
13 | Turkish Turkish language Turkish is a language spoken as a native language by over 83 million people worldwide, making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Its speakers are located predominantly in Turkey and Northern Cyprus with smaller groups in Iraq, Greece, Bulgaria, the Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo,... |
Semiha Yankı Semiha Yanki Semiha Yankı is a Turkish pop music singer, presenter and film actress. She is best known for representing Turkey for the first time at the Eurovision Song Contest 1975 with the song Seninle Bir Dakika.-Discography:... |
"Seninle Bir Dakika Seninle Bir Dakika "Seninle Bir Dakika" was the Turkish entry for the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, held in Stockholm, Sweden. The song was sung by Semiha Yankı.... " |
One Minute With You | 19 | 3 | |
14 | French French language French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts... |
Sophie | "Une chanson c'est une lettre Une Chanson C'Est Une Lettre "Une chanson c'est une lettre" was the Monegasque representative in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, performed in French by French singer Sophie.... " |
A Song Is A Letter | 13 | 22 | |
15 | English English language English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria... |
Pihasoittajat Pihasoittajat Pihasoittajat were a folk music band with modern popular music influences.In 1975 they represented Finland in the Eurovision song contest placing 7th in a field of 19. Members of the band for the contest were Arja Karlsson, Hannu Karlsson, Seppo Sillanpää, Harry Lindahl, Kim Kuusi and Hendrik... |
"Old Man Fiddle Old Man Fiddle "Old Man Fiddle" was the Finnish entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, performed in English by Pihasoittajat.... " |
- | 7 | 74 | |
16 | Portuguese Portuguese language Portuguese is a Romance language that arose in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia, nowadays Galicia and Northern Portugal. The southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia became independent as the County of Portugal in 1095... |
Duarte Mendes Duarte Mendes José Henrique Duarte Mendes is a former Portuguese captain and singer. He participated in Festival da Canção in 1970, 1972 and 1973 but he did not win until 1975 when he performed "Madrugada" , about Colonial War and 1974's Carnation Revolution.He represented Portugal in Eurovision Song Contest... |
"Madrugada Madrugada (song) "Madrugada" was the Portuguese entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, performed in Portuguese by Duarte Mendes.The song is a moderately up-tempo number, describing the joy felt in Portugal at the success of the Carnation Revolution of the year before, in which Mendes participated - which had... " |
Dawn | 16 | 16 | |
17 | Spanish Spanish language Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the... |
Sergio y Estíbaliz Sergio y Estíbaliz Sergio Blanco Rivas and Estíbaliz Uranga Amézaga , known professionally as Sergio y Estíbaliz, are a Spanish vocal duo, active since the late 1960s, who have also worked with groups Mocedades and El Consorcio... |
"Tú volverás Tú volverás "Tú volverás" was the Spanish entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, performed in Spanish by the duo Sergio y Estíbaliz.... " |
You'll Return | 10 | 53 | |
18 | English English language English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria... |
Lasse Berghagen Lasse Berghagen Lars "Lasse" Nils Berghagen is a Swedish singer, songwriter, composer and actor.Berghagen is a well known singer-songwriter in Sweden. He released his first record in 1965, aged just 19. Four years later, in 1969, he released the single Teddybjörnen Fredriksson , which has become a classic... |
"Jennie, Jennie Jennie, Jennie "Jennie, Jennie" was the Swedish entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, performed in English by Lasse Berghagen.The song was performed eighteenth on the night, following Spain's Sergio y Estíbaliz with "Tú volverás" and preceding Italy's Wess and Dori Ghezzi with "Era". At the close of voting,... " |
- | 8 | 72 | |
19 | Italian Italian language Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia... |
Wess Wess Wesley Johnson aka Wess was an American-born Italian singer perhaps mostly known for representing Italy along with Dori Ghezzi in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975 in Stockholm, Sweden, placing 3rd... & Dori Ghezzi Dori Ghezzi Dori Ghezzi is an Italian singer who was active as a recording artist between 1966 and 1989. In the 1970s, Ghezzi worked mainly in a duo with American singer Wess, and the couple represented Italy in the 1975 Eurovision Song Contest.... |
"Era Era (song) "Era" was the Italian entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, performed in Italian by American-born singer Wess and Dori Ghezzi... " |
It Was | 3 | 115 |
Score sheet
Results | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Netherlands | 152 | 8 | 5 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 6 | 8 | 12 | 12 | 3 | 12 | 4 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 12 | 12 | 1 | ||
Ireland | 68 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 7 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 12 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 10 | 4 | |||||||
France | 91 | 8 | 12 | 3 | 8 | 7 | 2 | 7 | 1 | 7 | 12 | 8 | 8 | 8 | |||||||
Germany | 15 | 8 | 3 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||
Luxembourg | 84 | 12 | 10 | 3 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 10 | |||||||
Norway | 11 | 2 | 2 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||
Switzerland | 77 | 7 | 2 | 10 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 12 | ||||||
Yugoslavia | 22 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 7 | ||||||||||||||
United Kingdom | 138 | 4 | 3 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 7 | 8 | 12 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 7 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 3 | |||
Malta | 32 | 1 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||
Belgium | 17 | 5 | 7 | 3 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
Israel | 40 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 6 | 2 | |||||||
Turkey | 3 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||
Monaco | 22 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 | ||||||||||||
Finland | 74 | 5 | 12 | 6 | 10 | 12 | 5 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 1 | 3 | |||||||||
Portugal | 16 | 2 | 12 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||
Spain | 53 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 8 | 6 | |||||||||
Sweden | 72 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | |||||||
Italy | 115 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 6 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 6 | 5 | 10 | 1 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 1 | |||
12 points
Below is a summary of all 12 points in the final:N. | Recipient nation | Voting nation |
---|---|---|
6 | Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
Israel Israel The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea... , Malta Malta Malta , officially known as the Republic of Malta , is a Southern European country consisting of an archipelago situated in the centre of the Mediterranean, south of Sicily, east of Tunisia and north of Libya, with Gibraltar to the west and Alexandria to the east.Malta covers just over in... , Norway Norway Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million... , Spain Spain Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula... , Sweden Sweden Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
4 | United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... , Luxembourg Luxembourg Luxembourg , officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , is a landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. It has two principal regions: the Oesling in the North as part of the Ardennes massif, and the Gutland in the south... , Monaco Monaco Monaco , officially the Principality of Monaco , is a sovereign city state on the French Riviera. It is bordered on three sides by its neighbour, France, and its centre is about from Italy. Its area is with a population of 35,986 as of 2011 and is the most densely populated country in the... , Yugoslavia Yugoslavia Yugoslavia refers to three political entities that existed successively on the western part of the Balkans during most of the 20th century.... |
2 | Finland Finland Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside... |
Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... , Switzerland Switzerland Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition.... |
France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
Ireland Ireland Ireland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth... , Portugal Portugal Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the... |
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1 | Ireland Ireland Ireland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth... |
Belgium Belgium Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many... |
Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and... |
Finland Finland Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside... |
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Luxembourg Luxembourg Luxembourg , officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , is a landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. It has two principal regions: the Oesling in the North as part of the Ardennes massif, and the Gutland in the south... |
Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
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Portugal Portugal Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the... |
Turkey Turkey Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe... |
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Switzerland Switzerland Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition.... |
Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and... |
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Conductors
- Harry van HoofHarry van Hoof
Harry van Hoof is a Dutch conductor, composer and music arranger.Hoof has written many successful productions to his name already, he has his own production company and he had his first success as an arranger with "Sofie" by Johnny Lion.Hoof has conducted Dutch entries on 15 occasions for the...
- Colman Pearce
Colman Pearce
Colman Pearce is an Irish pianist and conductor.Born in 1938 in Dublin Pearce was educated at the University College Dublin, he studied conducting in Hilversum and Vienna...
- Jean Musy - Rainer Pietsch - Phil Coulter
Phil Coulter
Phil Coulter is an artist with an international reputation as a successful songwriter, pianist, music producer, arranger and director. His success has spanned four decades and he is one of the biggest record sellers in Ireland...
- Carsten Klouman
Carsten Klouman
Carsten Klouman was born in Oslo and was a Norwegian pianist, arranger and composer. He was the son of actor Thoralf Klouman....
- Peter Jacques - Mario Rijavec - Alyn Ainsworth
Alyn Ainsworth
Alyn Ainsworth was a singer and dance band conductor in the late 20th century-Education and early career:...
- Vince Tempera
- Francis Bay
Francis Bay
Francis Bay was a Belgian conductor. Born as Frans Bayetz, he conducted many Belgian entries in the Eurovision Song Contest and had his own Big band orchestra titled "Francis Bay and His Big Band.-External links:...
- Eldad Shrem - Timur Selçuk
Timur Selçuk
Timur Selçuk is a renowned Turkish singer, pianist, conductor and composer.- Biography :He is a son of the legendary Turkish neo-classical music composer, Münir Nurettin Selçuk, and the elder brother of the jazz drummer and composer Selim Selçuk. He started playing piano at the age of five and...
- André Popp
André Popp
André Charles Jean Popp is a French composer, arranger and screenwriter.Born in Fontenay-le-Comte, Vendée, he started his career as a church organist, filling the place of his father who had been called up to serve in World War II in 1939. Popp studied music at the Saint Joseph Institute...
- Ossi Runne
Ossi Runne
Yrjö Osvald "Ossi" Runne is a Finnish trumpeter, orchestra leader, composer, and record producer....
- Pedro Osório - Juan Carlos Calderón - Lars Samuelson
Lars Samuelson
Lars "Lasse" Samuelson is a Swedish musician and Music arranger.Samuelson began his career in 1957 with playing with artists like Eva Engdahl , Seymour East Wall and Malte Johnson. In 1958 Samuelson participated in his first recording session, and in 1963 he started his first own band Swing Sing...
- Pier Natale Massara
Returning artists
Artist | Country | Previous year(s) |
---|---|---|
Ellen Nikolaysen Ellen Nikolaysen Ellen Helen Nikolaysen is a Norwegian singer/actress. She participated in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1973 as part of the Bendik Singers group with the song It's Just A Game and again as backing vocalist for fellow Bendik Singer Anne-Karine Strøm in 1974 before competing in her third... |
1973 Eurovision Song Contest 1973 The Eurovision Song Contest 1973 was the eighteenth Eurovision Song Contest and was held in Luxembourg. The language rule forcing countries to enter songs sung in any of their national languages was dropped, so performers from some countries sang in English.... , 1974 Eurovision Song Contest 1974 The Eurovision Song Contest 1974 was the 19th Eurovision Song Contest. It was held in the seaside resort of Brighton on the south coast of the United Kingdom... (part of Bendik Singers Bendik Singers The Bendik Singers were a four-member Norwegian vocal group, brought together by singer and composer Arne Bendiksen to participate in the Norwegian Eurovision Song Contest selection, Melodi Grand Prix, in 1973.... ) |
Commentators
– Willem DuysWillem Duys
Willem Duys , was a Dutch radio and television presenter, commentator, tennis player and music producer.Duys was born in Bussum. Having made the final NK Older Youth in 1946, he won the Spieghel Hilversum and Heide B tournament, took the semi-finals Plaswijck Kralingen and won the B tournament in...
(Nederland 2
Nederland 2
Nederland 2 is a Dutch television channel, one of three alongside Nederland 1 and Nederland 3. It was established in October 1964 and tends to broadcast sports, light entertainment, news and current affairs programming....
) - Mike Murphy (RTÉ Television
RTÉ One
RTÉ One is the flagship television channel of Raidió Teilifís Éireann , and it is the most popular and most watched television channel in Ireland. It was launched as Telefís Éireann on 31 December 1961, it was renamed RTÉ Television in 1966, and it was renamed as RTÉ One upon the launch of RTÉ...
), John Skehan
John Skehan
John Skehan was a prolific broadcaster on RTÉ, radio and television, for four decades.Prior to joining RTÉ, Skehan served in the Irish Army, reaching the rank of captain during The Emergency....
(RTÉ Radio 1
RTÉ Radio 1
RTÉ Radio 1 is the principal radio channel of Irish public-service broadcaster Raidió Teilifís Éireann and is the direct descendant of Dublin radio station 2RN, which began broadcasting on a regular basis on 1 January 1926...
) - Georges de Caunes (TF1
TF1
TF1 is a national French TV channel, controlled by TF1 Group, whose major share-holder is Bouygues. TF1's average market share of 24% makes it the most popular domestic network...
) - Werner Veigel
Werner Veigel
Werner Veigel was a German journalist and news presenter.After finishing school he began to work in a travel agency. In 1950 he started as a news presenter on Radio Hilversum. In 1954 Veigel began to work as journalist on Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk. Since 1966 he worked for TV news programm...
(ARD Deutsches Fernsehen
Das Erste
Erstes Deutsches Fernsehen , marketed as Das Erste , is the principal publicly owned television channel in Germany...
) - Jacques Navadic
Jacques Navadic
Jacques Navadic was a Broadcasting editor and Television presenter who joined Radio Luxembourg in 1955. He worked with Robert Diligent. He was the regular Luxembourgian commentator in the Eurovision Song Contest and worked for RTL Luxembourg.-References:...
(RTL Télé Luxembourg
RTL9
RTL9 is a Luxembourger television channel shown internationally to viewers in Luxembourg, France, Belgium and francophone Switzerland.- Télé-Luxembourg :...
) - John Andreassen
John Andreassen
John Andreassen is a Norwegian TV-producer who has been behind a number of TV productions for the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation. He was in 2000 the country's only Professor of Multi-Camera Production, and has taught at Lillehammer University College...
(NRK
NRK1
NRK1 is the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation's main television channel. Test broadcasts started on 12 January 1954, regular test broadcasts started on 13 April 1958 and regular broadcasts started in 20 August 1960. It is Norway's oldest and largest television channel...
), Erik Heyerdahl (NRK P1
NRK P1
NRK P1 is one of three nation-wide analogue radio channels operated by the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation . It is the direct descendant of NRK's first radio station which began broadcasting in 1933...
) - Theodor Haller (TV DRS
SF 1
SF 1 is a Swiss television channel run under the public SRG SSR idée suisse broadcasting group. It is the first of the three national German language channels in Switzerland ....
), Georges Hardy (TSR
TSR 1
TSR 1 is a Swiss public television channel owned by Télévision Suisse Romande.- History :Launched on 1 November 1954 to succeed Télé Geneva, TSR 1 is the first channel of the two French Swiss networks of television group TSR ....
), Giovanni Bertini
Giovanni Bertini
Giovanni Bertini is a retired Italian professional football player.He played for 6 seasons in the Serie A for A.S. Roma, Ascoli Calcio 1898 and ACF Fiorentina.-External links:*...
(TSI) - Milovan Ilić
Milovan Ilić Minimaks
Milovan Ilić Minimaks was a Serbian radio and TV journalist.He was born on 5 November 1938 in Lipnici, Kragujevac, Serbia. He completed primary and secondary school in Kragujevac, and studied law in Belgrade...
(TVB1), Oliver Mlakar
Oliver Mlakar
Oliver Mlakar is a Croatian television presenter, best known for hosting game shows. He was one of the most popular television personalities of Yugoslavia and Croatia.Mlakar was born in Ptuj and lived in Osijek from 1945 to 1954...
(TVZ 2), Tomaž Terček (TVL2) - Pete Murray (BBC1), Terry Wogan
Terry Wogan
Sir Michael Terence Wogan, KBE, DL , or also known as Terry Wogan, is a veteran Irish radio and television broadcaster who holds dual Irish and British citizenship. Wogan has worked for the BBC in the United Kingdom for most of his career...
(BBC Radio 2
BBC Radio 2
BBC Radio 2 is one of the BBC's national radio stations and the most popular station in the United Kingdom. Much of its daytime playlist-based programming is best described as Adult Contemporary or AOR, although the station is also noted for its specialist broadcasting of other musical genres...
) - Norman Hamilton
Norman Hamilton
Norman Hamilton, OBE is the current Moderator of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland. He has also been minister of the Ballysillan Presbyterian Church in Belfast for twenty-two years....
- Herman Verelst
Herman Verelst
Herman Verelst , was a Dutch Golden Age painter.-Biography:According to the RKD he was the son of Pieter Hermansz Verelst and the father of the painters Cornelis and Maria Verelst. He became a pupil in the Confrerie Pictura at the same time as his brother Simon in 1663. He is known for portraits...
(BRT
EEN
EEN may refer to:* Eastern Educational Television Network, the original name for American Public Television.* Elemental Energy, a Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game booster pack.* Emerald Energy, an oil company...
), Paule Herreman
Paule Herreman
Paule Herreman was a Belgian Actress and television presenter for RTBF.Herreman started her debut to television as a Television Announcer. In 1954 she joint INR to work with the Eurovision, Herreman even provided the French language commentary for RTBF viewers on 10 occasions for the Eurovision...
(RTB
La Une
La Une is a Belgian national television channel, owned and operated by RTBF.- INR :The Institut National de Radiodiffusion began experimental television in Belgium on 2 June 1953, with the crowning of Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom...
) - No commentator - Bülend Özveren
Bülend Özveren
Bülend Özveren is a Turkish television presenter and sport speaker. He completed his secondary education from Lycée Saint-Benoît and higher education from Galatasaray High School. He graduated from Istanbul University, faculty of Law. He started to work at TRT on 31 July 1965. For a long time he...
(TRT
TRT 1
TRT 1 is the first Turkish national television station. It launched on January 31 , 1968.-Introduction:TRT 1, the first television channel in Turkey, started their test transmissions on January 31, 1968, and commenced full national broadcasts in December 1971. It was the only channel in Turkey...
) - Georges de Caunes (Télé Monte Carlo
Télé Monte Carlo
Télé Monte Carlo or TMC Monte Carlo, traditionally known as TMC is a Monégasque general entertainment television channel.-History:The oldest private channel in Europe, TMC dates back to 1954, inaugurated by Rainier III, Prince of Monaco...
) - Heikki Seppälä (YLE TV2
YLE TV2
YLE TV2 is a Finnish television channel owned and operated by YLE.TV2 launched in 1964, and broadcasts public service programming, children's, youth, sport and music programmes.-Own Productions:* Ajankohtainen kakkonen* Akuutti* Jopet Show* Kummeli...
) - Júlio Isidro (I Programa) - José Luis Uribarri
José Luis Uribarri
José Luis Uribarri is a Spanish television presenter and director for TVE.Uribarri was born in Avila, after finishing school at Marist school in Palencia he went on to study law but left to work for Spanish television as a television announcer.He debut as a television presenter in 1958 and has...
(TVE1) - Åke Strömmer (SR TV1
SVT1
SVT1 is the primary television station of the Swedish public service broadcaster Sveriges Television in Sweden.-History:The channel began broadcasting in 1956 and was known as Radiotjänst TV, A year later, it was renamed Sveriges Radio TV. In 1969, the second television station TV2 was launched and...
), Ursula Richter (SR P3
Sveriges Radio
Sveriges Radio AB – Swedish Radio Ltd – is Sweden's national publicly funded radio broadcaster. The Swedish public-broadcasting system is in many respects modelled after the one used in the United Kingdom, and Sveriges Radio - like Sveriges Television - shares many characteristics with...
) http://www.infosajten.com/esc/esc/swedishspokesmen.html - Silvio Noto (Programma Nazionale) (Non-participating country) - Ernst Grissemann
Ernst Grissemann
Ernst Grissemann is an Austrian television presenter, journalist and actor.Grissemann was born in Imst, he joint radio in July 1954 as a news broadcaster and continuity announcer for Radio Luxembourg, when Österreichischer Rundfunk was launched in 1955 Grisseman joint and worked as an odd-job man...
(2. Programm
ORF2
ORF2 is an Austrian television channel owned by ORF.ORF2 was launched on 11 September 1961 as a technical test programme. Since 1970, ORF2 broadcasts on seven days a week. Today it is one of the three public TV channels in Austria.Where as ORF1 focuses on tv series and movies, ORF2 broadcasts...
) (Non-participating country) - Claus Toksvig
Claus Toksvig
Claus Toksvig was a Danish journalist and broadcaster who, as the Danish Broadcasting Corporation's first ever permanent foreign correspondent, is widely acknowledged as one of the greatest figures in Danish broadcasting history.In later life he turned his attention to politics...
(DR TV
DR1
DR1 is a Danish national television channel, produced by the public service broadcaster, DR. It was the first television station to be established in Denmark, and began broadcasting in 1951 – at first only for an hour a day three times a week....
) (Non-participating country) - Mako Georgiadou (ERT)
Spokespersons
– Pim JacobsPim Jacobs
Willem Bernard Jacobs was a Dutch jazz pianist and television presenter. He worked with Louis van Dijk and Rogier van Otterloo. He was married with Jazz-singer Rita Reys from 1960.Jacobs became famous with the Pim Jacobs Trio, which included Wim Overgaauw, Ruud Jacobs and Peter Ypma...
- Brendan Balfe
Brendan Balfe
Brendan Balfe is an Irish radio personality, who has been on-air consistently for more than 40 years on RTÉ. Comedy has been a feature of many of Balfe's programmes...
- TBC - TBC - TBC - Sverre Christophersen - Michel Stocker - Miloje Orlović - Ray Moore
Ray Moore (broadcaster)
Raymond Moore was a British broadcaster who was best known for his long running early morning show on BBC Radio 2....
- TBC - Fernand Verreth - Yitzhak Shim'oni - Bülent Osma - TBC - Kaarina Pönniö - Ana Zanatti - José María Íñigo
José María Íñigo
José María Íñigo is a Spanish radio and television presenter and stage and screen actor for Televisión Española.Born in Bilbao, Íñigo was hired by Radio Bilbao and then by Cope. He joined TVE in 1968 working on the show "Último Grito" alongside Pedro Olea...
- Sven Lindahl - Anna Maria Gambineri
National jury members
– Alfonso Lapeña (journalist and TVE broadcasting chief), Ángel Díez (doctor), José Luis López VázquezJosé Luis López Vázquez
José Luis López Vázquez de la Torre was a Spanish actor. -Career:López Vázquez was born in Madrid. He originally worked in theater as a costume designer, a scenic designer, and as an assistant director to Pío Ballesteros and Enrique Herreros. In 1946, he switched over to film, with a small role in...
(actor), Piedad García de la Rasilla (director of Woman's Bank), Ana Lázaro (choreographer and dance teacher), Vicente López
Vicente López
Vicente López is a mainly residential neighbourhood in Vicente López Partido of Buenos Aires Province in Argentina, it forms part of the Greater Buenos Aires urban agglomeration...
(student), Esperanza Manzanares (nurse), Gerardo Prieto (student), Fernando Cerrada (athlete), Carmen de la Maza (actress), Maria Ángeles de los Reyes (psychologist)