Expedition of Abdur Rahman bin Auf
Encyclopedia
The expedition of Abdur Rahman bin Auf, also known as the Second Expedition of Dumatul Jandal took place in December, 627AD, 8th(Sha'ban) month of 6AH of the Islamic calendar. Abdur Rahman bin Auf was sent on a Mission to win over the Banu Kalb
tribe and get them to adopt Islam
and side with the Muslims, this operation was carried out successfully.
, that he told Abdur Rahman:
Abdur Rahman set out with 700 men on an expedition to Dumat al-Jandal ,that is on the route to Khaybar
, Fadak
. The place was a great trading center; the inhabitants were mainly Christians and were ruled by a Christian king.
Following the Islamic rule, on reaching Dumatul Jandal, Abdur Rahman summoned the people of the tribe to embrace Islam within three days grace.
During the 3 day period, Al-Asbagh, a Christian chief of Banu Kalb complied and many of his followers also followed suit.
Other tribes also paid tribute (Jizya) to Abdur Rahman. On agreement to pay Jizya
tax regularly, they were allowed to keep their Christianity.
Muhammad received the news through a Messenger, and then instructed Abdur Rahman to marry Tamadhir, the daughter of the Christian chief, Al-Asbagh. So Abdur Rahman married Tumadhir bint Asbagh, the daughter of the Christian king and brought this lady with him to Medina.
Banu Kalb
The Banu Kalb was one of the tribes of Arabia during Muhammad's era. The Banu Kalb claimed descent from the Yemenites. According to the hadith of the Islamic prophet Muhammad they will be among the first people to follow the Sufyani....
tribe and get them to adopt Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
and side with the Muslims, this operation was carried out successfully.
The Expedition
Muhammad appointed Abdur Rahman bin Auf to head to Dumatul Jandal to win over the people. It is reported by the Muslim Scholar Ibn HishamIbn Hisham
Abu Muhammad 'Abd al-Malik bin Hisham , or Ibn Hisham edited the biography of Muhammad written by Ibn Ishaq. Ibn Ishaq's work is lost and is now only known in the recensions of Ibn Hisham and al-Tabari. Ibn Hisham grew up in Basra, Iraq, but moved afterwards to Egypt, where he gained a name...
, that he told Abdur Rahman:
Fight everyone in the way of God and kill those who disbelieve in God. Do not be deceitful with spoils, do not be treacherous, nor mutilate,do not kill children. This is God’s ordinance and practice of his prophet among you.
[Ibn Hisham, Sirat Rasul Allah , p. 672]
Abdur Rahman set out with 700 men on an expedition to Dumat al-Jandal ,that is on the route to Khaybar
Khaybar
Khaybar is the name of an oasis some 153 km to the north of Medina , Saudi Arabia. It was inhabited by Jews before the rise of Islam, and was conquered by Muhammad in 629 AD.-Pre-Islamic Khaybar:...
, Fadak
Fadak
Fadak was a garden oasis in Khaybar, an tract of land in northern Arabia; it is now part of Saudi Arabia. Situated approximately thirty miles from Medina, Fadak was known for its water-wells, dates, and handicrafts. When the Muslims defeated the people of Khaybar at the Battle of Khaybar; the...
. The place was a great trading center; the inhabitants were mainly Christians and were ruled by a Christian king.
Following the Islamic rule, on reaching Dumatul Jandal, Abdur Rahman summoned the people of the tribe to embrace Islam within three days grace.
During the 3 day period, Al-Asbagh, a Christian chief of Banu Kalb complied and many of his followers also followed suit.
Other tribes also paid tribute (Jizya) to Abdur Rahman. On agreement to pay Jizya
Jizya
Under Islamic law, jizya or jizyah is a per capita tax levied on a section of an Islamic state's non-Muslim citizens, who meet certain criteria...
tax regularly, they were allowed to keep their Christianity.
Muhammad received the news through a Messenger, and then instructed Abdur Rahman to marry Tamadhir, the daughter of the Christian chief, Al-Asbagh. So Abdur Rahman married Tumadhir bint Asbagh, the daughter of the Christian king and brought this lady with him to Medina.