Fedor Krause
Encyclopedia
Fedor Krause was a German neurosurgeon who was native of Friedland
(Upper Silesia
).
He originally studied music at the Conservatoire in Berlin
, and later switched to medicine, earning his doctorate at Humboldt University in Berlin
. In 1883 be became a medical assistant to Richard von Volkmann
(1830-1889) at the surgical
university clinic at Halle
. Afterwards, he was a pathologist at the Senckenberg Institute in Frankfurt am Main (1890-92), a surgeon at the city hospital at Hamburg
-Altona (1892-1900), and later head of the surgical department at Augusta Hospital in Berlin. In 1901 he became an associate professor at the University of Berlin. While in Berlin he worked closely with neurologist
Hermann Oppenheim
(1858-1919).
During World War I
he served as a surgical consultant, and following the war embarked on scientific journeys to Latin America
, where he introduced neurosurgical practices into several countries. In 1931 Krause retired from medicine, and dedicated his last years to artistic and musical pursuits in Rome
.
Krause was a pioneer in the field in of neurosurgery
, and with Otfrid Foerster
was responsible for introducing surgical operations for treatment of epilepsy
into Germany
. During his career he performed over 400 operations on epileptic patients. He is also remembered for his work in plastic
and reconstructive surgery
, and was an early practitioner of intraoperative electrostimulation of the cerebral cortex
.
He developed a number of operative techniques involving tumor
s of the brain
and spinal cord
. The eponymous Hartley-Krause operation is named after Krause and surgeon Frank Hartley (1857-1913). This procedure involves an excision of the Gasserian ganglion
and its roots to relieve trigeminal neuralgia
.
Today the German Neurosurgical Society awards the "Fedor Krause Medal" for outstanding work in the field of neurosurgery.
Korfantów
Korfantów is a town in the Opole Voivodeship of Poland. It has a population of approximately 1,860 inhabitants. It is named after Wojciech Korfanty....
(Upper Silesia
Upper Silesia
Upper Silesia is the southeastern part of the historical and geographical region of Silesia. Since the 9th century, Upper Silesia has been part of Greater Moravia, the Duchy of Bohemia, the Piast Kingdom of Poland, again of the Lands of the Bohemian Crown and the Holy Roman Empire, as well as of...
).
He originally studied music at the Conservatoire in Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
, and later switched to medicine, earning his doctorate at Humboldt University in Berlin
Humboldt University of Berlin
The Humboldt University of Berlin is Berlin's oldest university, founded in 1810 as the University of Berlin by the liberal Prussian educational reformer and linguist Wilhelm von Humboldt, whose university model has strongly influenced other European and Western universities...
. In 1883 be became a medical assistant to Richard von Volkmann
Richard von Volkmann
Richard von Volkmann , was a prominent German surgeon and poet.He was born in Leipzig in 1830, the son of A.W. Volkmann. Richard entered medical school in Berlin and graduated in 1854...
(1830-1889) at the surgical
Surgery
Surgery is an ancient medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition such as disease or injury, or to help improve bodily function or appearance.An act of performing surgery may be called a surgical...
university clinic at Halle
Halle, Saxony-Anhalt
Halle is the largest city in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. It is also called Halle an der Saale in order to distinguish it from the town of Halle in North Rhine-Westphalia...
. Afterwards, he was a pathologist at the Senckenberg Institute in Frankfurt am Main (1890-92), a surgeon at the city hospital at Hamburg
Hamburg
-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...
-Altona (1892-1900), and later head of the surgical department at Augusta Hospital in Berlin. In 1901 he became an associate professor at the University of Berlin. While in Berlin he worked closely with neurologist
Neurologist
A neurologist is a physician who specializes in neurology, and is trained to investigate, or diagnose and treat neurological disorders.Neurology is the medical specialty related to the human nervous system. The nervous system encompasses the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. A specialist...
Hermann Oppenheim
Hermann Oppenheim
Hermann Oppenheim was one of the leading neurologists in Germany. He studied medicine at the Universities of Berlin, Göttingen and Bonn. He started his career at the Charité-Hospital in Berlin as an assistant of Karl Westphal...
(1858-1919).
During World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
he served as a surgical consultant, and following the war embarked on scientific journeys to Latin America
Latin America
Latin America is a region of the Americas where Romance languages – particularly Spanish and Portuguese, and variably French – are primarily spoken. Latin America has an area of approximately 21,069,500 km² , almost 3.9% of the Earth's surface or 14.1% of its land surface area...
, where he introduced neurosurgical practices into several countries. In 1931 Krause retired from medicine, and dedicated his last years to artistic and musical pursuits in Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
.
Krause was a pioneer in the field in of neurosurgery
Neurosurgery
Neurosurgery is the medical specialty concerned with the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of disorders which affect any portion of the nervous system including the brain, spine, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and extra-cranial cerebrovascular system.-In the United States:In...
, and with Otfrid Foerster
Otfrid Foerster
Otfrid Foerster was a German neurologist and neurosurgeon, who made innovative contributions to neurology and neurosurgery, such as rhizotomy for the treatment of spasticity, anterolateral cordotomy for pain, the hyperventilation test for epilepsy, Foerster's syndrome, the first electrocorticogram...
was responsible for introducing surgical operations for treatment of epilepsy
Epilepsy
Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder characterized by seizures. These seizures are transient signs and/or symptoms of abnormal, excessive or hypersynchronous neuronal activity in the brain.About 50 million people worldwide have epilepsy, and nearly two out of every three new cases...
into Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. During his career he performed over 400 operations on epileptic patients. He is also remembered for his work in plastic
Plastic surgery
Plastic surgery is a medical specialty concerned with the correction or restoration of form and function. Though cosmetic or aesthetic surgery is the best-known kind of plastic surgery, most plastic surgery is not cosmetic: plastic surgery includes many types of reconstructive surgery, hand...
and reconstructive surgery
Reconstructive surgery
Reconstructive surgery is, in its broadest sense, the use of surgery to restore the form and function of the body, although Maxillo-Facial Surgeons, Plastic Surgeons and Otolaryngologists do reconstructive surgery on faces after trauma and to reconstruct the head and neck after cancer.Other...
, and was an early practitioner of intraoperative electrostimulation of the cerebral cortex
Cerebral cortex
The cerebral cortex is a sheet of neural tissue that is outermost to the cerebrum of the mammalian brain. It plays a key role in memory, attention, perceptual awareness, thought, language, and consciousness. It is constituted of up to six horizontal layers, each of which has a different...
.
He developed a number of operative techniques involving tumor
Tumor
A tumor or tumour is commonly used as a synonym for a neoplasm that appears enlarged in size. Tumor is not synonymous with cancer...
s of the brain
Brain
The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals—only a few primitive invertebrates such as sponges, jellyfish, sea squirts and starfishes do not have one. It is located in the head, usually close to primary sensory apparatus such as vision, hearing,...
and spinal cord
Spinal cord
The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue and support cells that extends from the brain . The brain and spinal cord together make up the central nervous system...
. The eponymous Hartley-Krause operation is named after Krause and surgeon Frank Hartley (1857-1913). This procedure involves an excision of the Gasserian ganglion
Trigeminal ganglion
The trigeminal ganglion is a sensory ganglion of the trigeminal nerve that occupies a cavity in the dura mater, covering the trigeminal impression near the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone.-Relations:It is somewhat crescentic in shape, with its convexity...
and its roots to relieve trigeminal neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia , tic douloureux is a neuropathic disorder characterized by episodes of intense pain in the face, originating from the trigeminal nerve. It has been described as among the most painful conditions known...
.
Today the German Neurosurgical Society awards the "Fedor Krause Medal" for outstanding work in the field of neurosurgery.
Written Works
- Über die Verwendung großer ungestielter Hautlappen zu plastischen Zwecken, (Concerning the Use of Large Sessile Skin Flaps for Plastic Surgery), 1896
- Chirurgie des Gehirns und Rückenmarks (Surgery of the Brain and Spinal Cord), two volumes 1907 (later translated into English and French)
- Chirurgische Operationslehre des Kopfes (Surgical Lessons involving the Head), 2 volumes, Berlin 1912 and 1914
- Die allgemeine Chirurgie der Gehirnkrankheiten (General Surgery of Brain Diseases), with K. Heymann, 2 volumes, Berlin 1914
- Die Tuberkulose der Knochen und Gelenke (TuberculosisTuberculosisTuberculosis, MTB, or TB is a common, and in many cases lethal, infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis usually attacks the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body...
of the Bones and Joints), 1891 (later translated into English) - Lehrbuch der chirurgischen Operationen (Textbook of Surgery), Berlin 1912–1914 (later translated into Russian, English and Spanish)
External links
- catalogus-professorum-halensis translated entry in Catalogus professorum of the Leopoldina
- http://books.google.com/books?id=2x5irzPCsjwC&pg=RA1-PA30&lpg=RA1-PA30&dq=%22Fedor+Krause%22+Horsley&source=bl&ots=5GgnQAn2Rf&sig=ua95OtOB4AoKkAcqWHs9oywptcs&hl=en&ei=zPw0Sq2lO5u8M9jX6IYK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2#PRA1-PA24,M1 Epilepsy surgery by Hans Lüders and Youssef G. Comair