Fiji disease virus
Encyclopedia
Fiji disease virus belongs to the reoviridae
family and infects plants. It is one of the few plant viruses in the Reoviridae
family. The type species
of the genus
Fijivirus
, it is presently the only known member of Fijivirus group 1.
is also made of dsRNA. The genome is linear and made up of ten segments, consisting of 27000-30500 base pairs. There are at least six structural proteins coded for in the genome. Replication occurs in the host cell cytoplasm
or cytoplasmic viroplasma.
plant hoppers. The disease is mostly found in Australia because this is the natural habitat of the plant hoppers. It has also been detected in the Philippines. The virus infects the phloem tissues of their Gramineae hosts. Replication can occur in both the host and vector. The result of infection in plants is the development of tumours.
Reoviridae
Reoviridae is a family of viruses that can affect the gastrointestinal system and respiratory tract. Viruses in the family Reoviridae have genomes consisting of segmented, double-stranded RNA...
family and infects plants. It is one of the few plant viruses in the Reoviridae
Reoviridae
Reoviridae is a family of viruses that can affect the gastrointestinal system and respiratory tract. Viruses in the family Reoviridae have genomes consisting of segmented, double-stranded RNA...
family. The type species
Species
In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
of the genus
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
Fijivirus
Fijivirus
-Taxonomy:The genus Fijivirus is a member of the Reoviridae virus family. These have double-stranded RNA genomes and are therefore group III viruses...
, it is presently the only known member of Fijivirus group 1.
Structure
The virus is between 65-70 nm in diameter. FDV is not enveloped but has a nucleocapsid. The capsid has two layers and is icosohedral. The two known cell surface proteins are A type and B type spikes. The capsid appears round.Genome
As FDV is a reovirus its genomeGenome
In modern molecular biology and genetics, the genome is the entirety of an organism's hereditary information. It is encoded either in DNA or, for many types of virus, in RNA. The genome includes both the genes and the non-coding sequences of the DNA/RNA....
is also made of dsRNA. The genome is linear and made up of ten segments, consisting of 27000-30500 base pairs. There are at least six structural proteins coded for in the genome. Replication occurs in the host cell cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
The cytoplasm is a small gel-like substance residing between the cell membrane holding all the cell's internal sub-structures , except for the nucleus. All the contents of the cells of prokaryote organisms are contained within the cytoplasm...
or cytoplasmic viroplasma.
Transmission
The virus is transmitted by DelphacidaeDelphacidae
Delphacidae is a family of planthoppers containing about 2000 species, distributed worldwide. Delphacids are separated from other "hoppers" by the prominent spur on the tibia of the hindleg. All species are phytophagous, many occurring on various grasses, and some are important vectors for cereal...
plant hoppers. The disease is mostly found in Australia because this is the natural habitat of the plant hoppers. It has also been detected in the Philippines. The virus infects the phloem tissues of their Gramineae hosts. Replication can occur in both the host and vector. The result of infection in plants is the development of tumours.