Finland National Renewable Energy Action Plan
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NREAP - Finland National Renewable Energy Action Plan

National Renewable Energy
Renewable energy
Renewable energy is energy which comes from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat, which are renewable . About 16% of global final energy consumption comes from renewables, with 10% coming from traditional biomass, which is mainly used for heating, and 3.4% from...

 Action Plans (NREAP) were made by all Member States of the European Union in 2010. These plans provide detailed roadmaps of how each Member State expects to reach its legally binding 2020 target for the share of renewable energy in their final energy consumption required by Article 4 of the renewable energy Directive (2009/28/EC). In these plans Member States set out the sectoral targets, the technology mix they expect to use, the trajectory they will follow and the measures and reforms they will undertake to overcome the barriers to developing renewable energy

Main targets in Finland

The main outlines of the approach to increasing the use of renewable energy are set out in the
Long-term Climate and Energy Strategy submitted as a report to the [Finnish Parliament] in
November 2008 (VNS 6/2008 vp). On account of the general development of the economy and the structural change taking place in the forestry industry, the government supplemented these outlines in April 2010.

In 2020 it is estimated that 56 TWh will be available in fuels dependent on forestry industry production (residual lyes
Lye
Lye is a corrosive alkaline substance, commonly sodium hydroxide or historically potassium hydroxide . Previously, lye was among the many different alkalis leached from hardwood ashes...

 and industrial wood waste). The estimate is based on the production of 13.7 m tons of paper and board. It is estimated that in the same year renewable energy sources yielding 77 TWh will be the subject of policy measures, as against 37 TWh in 2005. Final energy consumption in 2020 is estimated at 327 TWh.
http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/transparency_platform/doc/resubmitted_nreap_finland_en.pdf

Wind power

According to the Climate and Energy Strategy, wind power production will rise to 6 TWh by 2020. In order to promote wind power, there are plans to introduce a market-based feed-in tariff scheme in 2011. Wind power plants which were not covered by the feed-in tariff
Feed-in Tariff
A feed-in tariff is a policy mechanism designed to accelerate investment in renewable energy technologies. It achieves this by offering long-term contracts to renewable energy producers, typically based on the cost of generation of each technology...

 scheme would continue to receive a fixed subsidy of €6.90 per megawatt-hour.

Wood chips / other energy from wood

The use of wood chips in CHP production and separate heat production will be increased to 13.5 million m3. The target for use of wood chips in the Climate and Energy Strategy was 12 million m3 in 2020. In order to increase the use of forest energy, a three-part aid package has been devised which will increase the competitiveness of forest energy to a level at which the required growth can happen. The support package to be presented comprises energy support for small-sized wood, a feed-in tariff to compensate for the difference in costs between wood chips and alternative fuels, and a feed-in tariff for small CHP plants.

Hydro power

Hydro power production is to be increased by around 0.5 TWh per year of average water flow, to 14 TWh in 2020. The Ministry of Employment and the Economy is drafting an amendment to the guidelines for granting support which will make it possible to grant support for plants of up to 10 MW, rather than the current maximum of 1 MW.

Small-scale use of wood

There are plans to increase the flexibility of demand on the electricity market
Electricity market
In economic terms, electricity is a commodity capable of being bought, sold and traded. An electricity market is a system for effecting purchases, through bids to buy; sales, through offers to sell; and short-term trades, generally in the form of financial or obligation swaps. Bids and offers use...

 by means of hourly metering. Hourly metering makes it possible to apply electricity tariffs
Electricity tariff
Electricity pricing varies widely from country to country, and may vary signicantly from locality to locality within a particular country. There are many reasons that account for these differences in price...

 which vary hour by hour.
This provides incentives to use wood as a source of extra heating when the market price of electricity is high.

Heat pumps

Renewable energy production by heat pumps should be increased to 8 TWh by 2020. Measures to promote this are currently being prepared.

Transport biofuels

The use of transport biofuels is to be increased to 7 TWh by 2020. Promotion of the use biofuels would be based primarily on a distribution obligation incumbent on vendors of transport fuels. Use of biofuels will also be promoted by means of the tax reform which is being prepared.

Biogas

The use of biogas
Biogas
Biogas typically refers to a gas produced by the biological breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. Organic waste such as dead plant and animal material, animal dung, and kitchen waste can be converted into a gaseous fuel called biogas...

 should be increased to 0.7 TWh by 2020. In order to promote CHP production using biogas (reactor plants) a market-based feed-in tariff scheme will be introduced. Use of landfill gas
Landfill gas
Landfill gas is a complex mix of different gases created by the action of microorganisms within a landfill.-Production:Landfill gas production results from chemical reactions and microbes acting upon the waste as the putrescible materials begins to break down in the landfill...

 will be promoted using the energy subsidy.

Pellets

The target for use of pellets is 2 TWh in 2020. Measures to promote this are currently being prepared.

Recycled fuels

The target for recycled renewables is 2 TWh. The use of recycled fuels is subsidized by means of a fixed subsidy
Subsidy
A subsidy is an assistance paid to a business or economic sector. Most subsidies are made by the government to producers or distributors in an industry to prevent the decline of that industry or an increase in the prices of its products or simply to encourage it to hire more labor A subsidy (also...

 payable on the basis of electricity generation.

Solar energy

Support for solar heating and solar power generation systems will continue with the aid of the energy subsidy in accordance with current practice. In the case of one-family houses, solar heating systems are promoted through the tax system by granting an offset
Offset
The term offset may refer to:* Carbon offset, a financial instrument aimed at a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions* Offset agreement, trade practice in Aerospace and Defense Industry...

 for the household.

http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/transparency_platform/doc/resubmitted_nreap_finland_en.pdf

Key players in Finland


See also

  • Renewable energy in Finland
    Renewable energy in Finland
    Renewable energy in Finland of electricity was : Water 60%, forest industry black liquor 22%, other wood residues 16%, wind power 0.2% and other RE 1 %. The European objectives are: 22% renewable source electricity and 12% renewable of primary energy in 2010 . This includes e.g...

  • Energy policy of the European Union
    Energy policy of the European Union
    Although the European Union has legislated in the area of energy policy for many years, and evolved out of the European Coal and Steel Community, the concept of introducing a mandatory and comprehensive European energy policy was only approved at the meeting of the European Council on 27 October...

  • Renewables Directive
    Renewables Directive
    The Renewables Directive is a European Union directive which mandates levels of renewable energy use within the European Union. Published 23rd April, 2009, its official title is 2009/28/EC...

  • Directive on Electricity Production from Renewable Energy Sources
    Directive on Electricity Production from Renewable Energy Sources
    The Directive on Electricity Production from Renewable Energy Sources is a European Union directive for promoting renewable energy use in electricity generation. It is officially named 2001/77/EC and popularly known as the RES Directive....

  • National Renewable Energy Action Plan
    National Renewable Energy Action Plan
    NREAP - National Renewable Energy Action PlanNational Renewable Energy Action Plans were made by all Member States of the European Union in 2010...


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