Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine
Encyclopedia
The Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine ( Sluzhba zovnishn’oyi rozvidky Ukrayiny) is an independent state body, which carries out its intelligence activities in political, economic, military and technical, scientific and technical, information and ecological spheres and subordinates directly to the President of Ukraine
.
The Constitution of Ukraine
, the Act of Ukraine on Intelligence bodies and other norms and regulations of Ukraine are the principal guidance to the SZRU activities.
, Leonid Kuchma
signed the Decree “On the Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine”. Since then, created on the basis of the Intelligence Department of the Chief Directorate of Intelligence for the SBU, it has been functioning as an independent state body.
On December 1, 2005 the Verkhovna Rada
of Ukraine approved the Law “On the Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine”. Later it was decided to celebrate on that day the anniversary of creation of the Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine.
The SZRU organization was formed to meet principal demands of the Service. It comprises operative, analytical, technical, research and development departments, as well as elements of legal support, human resources, logistics and administration. The SZRU Institute is responsible for initial training and refresher courses training of foreign intelligence officers.
The SZRU is directly subordinated to the President of Ukraine
, who appoints the Chairman of the Service. Currently Colonel General
Malomuzh Mykola Grygorovych who took his position on April 3, 2005 heads the SZRU.
The SZRU cooperates with other intelligence bodies of Ukraine, state authorities, institutions, establishments, as well as organizations, and law enforcement agencies. The SZRU has established official contacts and maintained partnership relations with more than 100 foreign special services as well as with the NATO Office of Security. Today the primary issue of Ukrainian foreign policy involves enhancing cooperation with such international organizations as NATO and the European Union. In particular, within the frameworks of the EU-Ukraine integration program, the SZRU participates in actions aimed at combating terrorism, countering organized crime, monitoring illegal migration, eliminating drug trafficking, human beings traffic.
According to the Constitution, the SZRU operates under direction of the President of Ukraine and the Defense and Security Council of Ukraine, it is also under supervision of the Verkhovna Rada
(the Supreme Council of Ukraine). The Accounting Chamber of Ukraine monitors budget expenditures on SZRU maintenance. The General Prosecutor of Ukraine and authorized officials provide law enforcement of SZRU activities.
The development of the organization as an independent structure and elaboration of legal underpinning for the SZRU are coupled with the Service’s routine work. This process engages settlement of key issues concerning legal and economic support, and personnel management on both state and institutional levels. To meet demands of democratic states the SZRU has made a first step towards reformation of Ukrainian law enforcement agencies. The Service has gained the status of an independent state body and it has been detached from law enforcement agency. The SZRU is caring out its practical actions in the context of world tendency towards strengthening intelligence in the security support systems, and enhancing drastically the overall information. The improvement of intelligence direction and control system is aimed at enhancing Service ability to disrupt external threats that may affect the Ukrainian national security, as well as at raising its preparedness to provide an immediate response to hostile actions. An issue of key importance is ensuring impossibility of exploiting foreign intelligence for the purposes not determined within the laws of Ukraine. Another major factor of the Service reorganization is creating effective and democratic control system over the SZRU activities.
The recent dramatic changes in the world as well as in Ukraine have made the SZRU elaborate new approaches of its further activities including Ukrainian reformation process, its various initiatives in the sphere of reorganization of entire state system, elimination of duplication in state bodies functions, responses to possible threats in the sphere of national defense. Besides, the SZRU exerts every effort to adapt its structure and activities to new challenges which Ukraine faces on its road to a gradual integration into the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and to enhance cooperation with neighboring and other countries in the field of regional and global security.
On December 16, 2010 SZRU and the "Yaroslaviv Val" publishing house presented a book "Leaders of the Ukrainian Foreign Intelligence". The book uncovers many interesting facts about intelligence agents of the Soviet Ukraine as well as Ukraine of 1918-1920.
As an independent agency
President of Ukraine
Prior to the formation of the modern Ukrainian presidency, the previous Ukrainian head of state office was officially established in exile by Andriy Livytskyi. At first the de facto leader of nation was the president of the Central Rada at early years of the Ukrainian People's Republic, while the...
.
The Constitution of Ukraine
Constitution of Ukraine
The Constitution of Ukraine is the nation's fundamental law. The constitution was adopted and ratified at the 5th session of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on 28 June 1996. The constitution was passed with 315 ayes out of 450 votes possible .Other laws and other normative legal acts of Ukraine...
, the Act of Ukraine on Intelligence bodies and other norms and regulations of Ukraine are the principal guidance to the SZRU activities.
Mission
The original missions of the SZRU are assigned as follows:- collecting, evaluating, analyzing and disseminate intelligence to the heads of the highest decision-making bodies of Ukraine in accordance with the applicable law;
- implementing special measures to further state policy of Ukraine in political, economic, military and technical, ecological and information spheres, as well as to contribute to national defense, foster economic development, and promote science and technology;
- safeguarding Ukrainian missions abroad, providing security to the staff and their family members in the host country as well as attached officers who have access to data of state secret;
- participating in international operations addressing such high-priority issues as organized crime, terrorism, drug trafficking, illegal trade of arms and respective technologies, and illegal migration;
- providing counter measures to external threats that can affect National security of Ukraine, lives and health of its citizens, and state establishments abroad.
History
The SZRU started its activity on October 14, 2005, the day when the President of UkrainePresident of Ukraine
Prior to the formation of the modern Ukrainian presidency, the previous Ukrainian head of state office was officially established in exile by Andriy Livytskyi. At first the de facto leader of nation was the president of the Central Rada at early years of the Ukrainian People's Republic, while the...
, Leonid Kuchma
Leonid Kuchma
Leonid Danylovych Kuchma was the second President of independent Ukraine from 19 July 1994, to 23 January 2005. Kuchma took office after winning the 1994 presidential election against his rival, incumbent Leonid Kravchuk...
signed the Decree “On the Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine”. Since then, created on the basis of the Intelligence Department of the Chief Directorate of Intelligence for the SBU, it has been functioning as an independent state body.
On December 1, 2005 the Verkhovna Rada
Verkhovna Rada
The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine is Ukraine's parliament. The Verkhovna Rada is a unicameral parliament composed of 450 deputies, which is presided over by a chairman...
of Ukraine approved the Law “On the Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine”. Later it was decided to celebrate on that day the anniversary of creation of the Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine.
The SZRU organization was formed to meet principal demands of the Service. It comprises operative, analytical, technical, research and development departments, as well as elements of legal support, human resources, logistics and administration. The SZRU Institute is responsible for initial training and refresher courses training of foreign intelligence officers.
The SZRU is directly subordinated to the President of Ukraine
President of Ukraine
Prior to the formation of the modern Ukrainian presidency, the previous Ukrainian head of state office was officially established in exile by Andriy Livytskyi. At first the de facto leader of nation was the president of the Central Rada at early years of the Ukrainian People's Republic, while the...
, who appoints the Chairman of the Service. Currently Colonel General
Colonel General
Colonel General is a senior rank of General. North Korea and Russia are two countries which have used the rank extensively throughout their histories...
Malomuzh Mykola Grygorovych who took his position on April 3, 2005 heads the SZRU.
The SZRU cooperates with other intelligence bodies of Ukraine, state authorities, institutions, establishments, as well as organizations, and law enforcement agencies. The SZRU has established official contacts and maintained partnership relations with more than 100 foreign special services as well as with the NATO Office of Security. Today the primary issue of Ukrainian foreign policy involves enhancing cooperation with such international organizations as NATO and the European Union. In particular, within the frameworks of the EU-Ukraine integration program, the SZRU participates in actions aimed at combating terrorism, countering organized crime, monitoring illegal migration, eliminating drug trafficking, human beings traffic.
According to the Constitution, the SZRU operates under direction of the President of Ukraine and the Defense and Security Council of Ukraine, it is also under supervision of the Verkhovna Rada
Verkhovna Rada
The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine is Ukraine's parliament. The Verkhovna Rada is a unicameral parliament composed of 450 deputies, which is presided over by a chairman...
(the Supreme Council of Ukraine). The Accounting Chamber of Ukraine monitors budget expenditures on SZRU maintenance. The General Prosecutor of Ukraine and authorized officials provide law enforcement of SZRU activities.
The development of the organization as an independent structure and elaboration of legal underpinning for the SZRU are coupled with the Service’s routine work. This process engages settlement of key issues concerning legal and economic support, and personnel management on both state and institutional levels. To meet demands of democratic states the SZRU has made a first step towards reformation of Ukrainian law enforcement agencies. The Service has gained the status of an independent state body and it has been detached from law enforcement agency. The SZRU is caring out its practical actions in the context of world tendency towards strengthening intelligence in the security support systems, and enhancing drastically the overall information. The improvement of intelligence direction and control system is aimed at enhancing Service ability to disrupt external threats that may affect the Ukrainian national security, as well as at raising its preparedness to provide an immediate response to hostile actions. An issue of key importance is ensuring impossibility of exploiting foreign intelligence for the purposes not determined within the laws of Ukraine. Another major factor of the Service reorganization is creating effective and democratic control system over the SZRU activities.
The recent dramatic changes in the world as well as in Ukraine have made the SZRU elaborate new approaches of its further activities including Ukrainian reformation process, its various initiatives in the sphere of reorganization of entire state system, elimination of duplication in state bodies functions, responses to possible threats in the sphere of national defense. Besides, the SZRU exerts every effort to adapt its structure and activities to new challenges which Ukraine faces on its road to a gradual integration into the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and to enhance cooperation with neighboring and other countries in the field of regional and global security.
On December 16, 2010 SZRU and the "Yaroslaviv Val" publishing house presented a book "Leaders of the Ukrainian Foreign Intelligence". The book uncovers many interesting facts about intelligence agents of the Soviet Ukraine as well as Ukraine of 1918-1920.
Directors of The SZRU
As part of SBU (Department of Intelligence, the Chief Directorate of Intelligence)- Kovtun, Heorhiy Kyrylovych - December 1991 - December 1992
- Sharkov, Oleksandr Kostiantynovych - January 1993 - July 1995
- Abramov, Viacheslav Volodymyrovych - July 1995 - December 1998
- Rozhen, Leonid Mykolayovych - February 1999 - November 2000
- Cherevan, Oleksandr Viktorovych - December 2000 - June 2003
As an independent agency
- Syniansky, Oleh Hryhorovych - November 2003 - April 3, 2005
- Colonel GeneralColonel GeneralColonel General is a senior rank of General. North Korea and Russia are two countries which have used the rank extensively throughout their histories...
Malomuzh, Mykola Grygorovych - April 3, 2005 - June 18, 2010- On June 19, 2010 TV-channel Inter informed that Malomuzh who was relieved of his duties as the chair of the service earlier was appointed as the Presidential adviser by the order № 714/2010.
- GeneralGeneralA general officer is an officer of high military rank, usually in the army, and in some nations, the air force. The term is widely used by many nations of the world, and when a country uses a different term, there is an equivalent title given....
Illiashov, Grigoriy Oleksiyovych - June 18, 2010