Forms of Address in the United Kingdom
Encyclopedia
Forms of address used in the United Kingdom are given below.

Several terms have been abbreviated in the table below. The forms used in the table are given first, followed by alternative acceptable abbreviations in parentheses.

Abbreviations

  • His/Her Majesty
    Majesty
    Majesty is an English word derived ultimately from the Latin maiestas, meaning "greatness".- Origin :Originally, during the Roman republic, the word maiestas was the legal term for the supreme status and dignity of the state, to be respected above everything else...

    : HM
  • His/Her Royal Highness
    Royal Highness
    Royal Highness is a style ; plural Royal Highnesses...

    : HRH
  • His/Her Grace
    Grace (style)
    His Grace or Her Grace is a style used for various high ranking personages. It was the style used to address the King or Queen of Scotland up to the Act of Union of 1707, which merged the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland, and to address monarchs of England prior to Henry VIII...

    : HG
  • The Most Honourable
    The Most Honourable
    The prefix The Most Honourable is a title of quality attached to the names of marquesses in the United Kingdom. Dukes are The Most Noble or His Grace and peers under the rank of marquess are The Right Honourable. Scottish Feudal Barons and Lairds are The Much Honoured.Certain corporate entities...

    : The Most Hon (The Most Honble)
  • The Right Honourable
    The Right Honourable
    The Right Honourable is an honorific prefix that is traditionally applied to certain people in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the Anglophone Caribbean and other Commonwealth Realms, and occasionally elsewhere...

    : The Rt Hon (The Rt Honble)
  • The Honourable
    The Honourable
    The prefix The Honourable or The Honorable is a style used before the names of certain classes of persons. It is considered an honorific styling.-International diplomacy:...

    : The Hon (The Honble)
  • The Much Honoured
    The Much Honoured
    The Much Honoured is an honorific prefix that is given to Scottish feudal Barons and Lairds in the United Kingdom.-Entitlement:...

    : The Much Hon (The Much Hon'd)
  • The Most Reverend: The Most Rev (The Most Revd or The Most Rev'd)
  • The Right Reverend: The Rt Rev (The Rt Revd or The Rt Rev'd)
  • The Very Reverend: The Very Rev (The Very Revd or The Very Rev'd)
  • The Reverend
    The Reverend
    The Reverend is a style most often used as a prefix to the names of Christian clergy and ministers. There are sometimes differences in the way the style is used in different countries and church traditions. The Reverend is correctly called a style but is often and in some dictionaries called a...

    : The Rev (The Revd or The Rev'd)
  • The Venerable: The Ven (The Venble)

Royalty

PositionOn envelopesSalutation in letterOral address
King
British monarchy
The monarchy of the United Kingdom is the constitutional monarchy of the United Kingdom and its overseas territories. The present monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, has reigned since 6 February 1952. She and her immediate family undertake various official, ceremonial and representational duties...

HM The King Your Majesty Your Majesty, and thereafter as "Sir/Sire"
Queen
British monarchy
The monarchy of the United Kingdom is the constitutional monarchy of the United Kingdom and its overseas territories. The present monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, has reigned since 6 February 1952. She and her immediate family undertake various official, ceremonial and representational duties...

HM The Queen Your Majesty Your Majesty, and thereafter as "Ma'am"
Prince of Wales
Prince of Wales
Prince of Wales is a title traditionally granted to the heir apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the 15 other independent Commonwealth realms...

HRH The Prince of Wales
Charles, Prince of Wales
Prince Charles, Prince of Wales is the heir apparent and eldest son of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. Since 1958 his major title has been His Royal Highness The Prince of Wales. In Scotland he is additionally known as The Duke of Rothesay...

Your Royal Highness Your Royal Highness, and thereafter as "Sir"
Wife of the Prince of Wales HRH The Princess of Wales Your Royal Highness Your Royal Highness, and thereafter as "Ma'am"
Princess Royal
Princess Royal
Princess Royal is a style customarily awarded by a British monarch to his or her eldest daughter. The style is held for life, so a princess cannot be given the style during the lifetime of another Princess Royal...

HRH The Princess Royal
Anne, Princess Royal
Princess Anne, Princess Royal , is the only daughter of Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh...

Your Royal Highness Your Royal Highness, and thereafter as "Ma'am"
Royal Peer HRH The Duke of London, e.g., HRH The Duke of Edinburgh
Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh is the husband of Elizabeth II. He is the United Kingdom's longest-serving consort and the oldest serving spouse of a reigning British monarch....

Your Royal Highness Your Royal Highness, and thereafter as "Sir"
Royal Peeress Currently there are none as a peeress holds the title in her own right, not by right of marriage or as a courtesy from their father.
Sovereign's son
(unless a peer)
HRH The Prince John, e.g., HRH The Prince Edward
Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex
Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex KG GCVO is the third son and fourth child of Elizabeth II and The Duke of Edinburgh...

Your Royal Highness Your Royal Highness, and thereafter as "Sir"
Sovereign's son's wife
(unless a peeress)
HRH The Princess John Your Royal Highness Your Royal Highness, and thereafter as "Ma'am"
Sovereign's daughter
(unless a peeress)
HRH The Princess Mary, e.g., HRH The Princess Margaret
Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon
Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon was the younger sister of Queen Elizabeth II and the younger daughter of King George VI....

Your Royal Highness Your Royal Highness, and thereafter as "Ma'am"
Sons of the Prince of Wales (unless a peer) HRH Prince John of Wales, e.g., HRH Prince Harry of Wales
Prince Harry of Wales
Prince Henry of Wales , commonly known as Prince Harry, is the younger son of Charles, Prince of Wales and the late Diana, Princess of Wales, and fourth grandchild of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh...

 
Your Royal Highness Your Royal Highness, and thereafter as "Sir"
Sovereign’s son’s son, (unless a peer) HRH Prince John of London, e.g. HRH Prince Michael of Kent
Prince Michael of Kent
Prince Michael of Kent is a grandson of King George V and Queen Mary, making him a cousin of Queen Elizabeth II. He is also the first cousin once removed of Prince Phillip. Prince Michael occasionally carries out royal duties representing the Queen at some functions in Commonwealth realms outside...

 
Your Royal Highness Your Royal Highness, and thereafter as "Sir"
Sovereign's son's son's wife
(unless a peeress)
HRH Princess John of London, e.g., HRH Princess Michael of Kent
Princess Michael of Kent
Princess Michael of Kent is an Austrian-Hungarian member of the British Royal Family. She is married to Prince Michael of Kent, who is a grandson of King George V....

Your Royal Highness Your Royal Highness, and thereafter as "Ma'am"
Sovereign's son's daughter
(unless a peeress)
HRH Princess Mary of London, e.g., HRH Princess Beatrice of York
Princess Beatrice of York
Princess Beatrice of York is the elder daughter of Prince Andrew, Duke of York, and Sarah, Duchess of York...

Your Royal Highness Your Royal Highness
Sovereign's son's son's son
(unless a peer)
The Lord John Windsor, e.g., The Lord Nicholas Windsor
Lord Nicholas Windsor
The Lord Nicholas Windsor is the youngest child of the Duke and Duchess of Kent, a great-grandson of King George V of the United Kingdom, and a first cousin once removed of Queen Elizabeth II....

Dear Lord John Lord John
Sovereign's son's son's son's wife
(unless a peeress)
The Lady John Windsor, e.g., The Lady Nicholas Windsor
Lady Nicholas Windsor
Lady Nicholas Windsor is the wife of Lord Nicholas Windsor, son of the Duke and Duchess of Kent.-Family History:...

Dear Lady John Lady John
Sovereign's son's son's daughter
(unless a peeress)
The Lady Mary Windsor, e.g., The Lady Helen Taylor
Lady Helen Taylor
The Lady Helen Taylor A first cousin once removed of Queen Elizabeth II, she is a great-granddaughter of King George V of the United Kingdom and is in the line of succession to the British throne....

Dear Lady Mary Lady Mary

Peers and peeresses

PositionOn envelopesSalutation in letterOral address
Duke
Duke
A duke or duchess is a member of the nobility, historically of highest rank below the monarch, and historically controlling a duchy...

(His Grace) The Duke of London My Lord Duke or
Dear Duke (of London)
Your Grace or
Duke
Duchess
Duke
A duke or duchess is a member of the nobility, historically of highest rank below the monarch, and historically controlling a duchy...

(Her Grace) The Duchess of London Madam or
Dear Duchess (of London)
Your Grace or
Duchess
Marquess
Marquess
A marquess or marquis is a nobleman of hereditary rank in various European peerages and in those of some of their former colonies. The term is also used to translate equivalent oriental styles, as in imperial China, Japan, and Vietnam...

 or Marquis
(The Most Hon) The Marquess of London My Lord Marquess or
Dear Lord London
My Lord or
Your Lordship or
Lord London
Marchioness (The Most Hon) The Marchioness of London Madam or
Dear Lady London
My Lady or
Your Ladyship or
Lady London
Earl
Earl
An earl is a member of the nobility. The title is Anglo-Saxon, akin to the Scandinavian form jarl, and meant "chieftain", particularly a chieftain set to rule a territory in a king's stead. In Scandinavia, it became obsolete in the Middle Ages and was replaced with duke...

(The Rt Hon) The Earl of London My Lord or
Dear Lord London
My Lord or
Your Lordship or
Lord London
Countess (The Rt Hon) The Countess of London Madam or
Dear Lady London
My Ladyor
Your Ladyship or
Lady London
Viscount (The Rt Hon) The Viscount London My Lord or
Dear Lord London
My Lord or
Your Lordship or
Lord London
Viscountess (The Rt Hon) The Viscountess London Madam or
Dear Lady London
My Ladyor
Your Ladyship or
Lady London
Baron
Baron
Baron is a title of nobility. The word baron comes from Old French baron, itself from Old High German and Latin baro meaning " man, warrior"; it merged with cognate Old English beorn meaning "nobleman"...


Lord of Parliament
Lord of Parliament
A Lord of Parliament was the lowest rank of nobility automatically entitled to attend sessions of the pre-Union Parliament of Scotland. Post-Union, it is a member of the lowest rank of the Peerage of Scotland, ranking below a viscount...

(The Rt Hon) The Lord London My Lord or
Dear Lord London
My Lord or
Your Lordship or
Lord London
Baron
Baron
Baron is a title of nobility. The word baron comes from Old French baron, itself from Old High German and Latin baro meaning " man, warrior"; it merged with cognate Old English beorn meaning "nobleman"...

ess (in her own right)
(The Rt Hon) The Lady London or
(The Rt Hon) The Baroness London
Madam or
Dear Lady London or
Dear Baroness London
My Ladyor
Your Ladyship or
Lady London or
Baroness London
Baroness (in her husband's right)
Lady of Parliament (in her or her husband's right)
(The Rt Hon) The Lady London Madam or
Dear Lady London
My Ladyor
Your Ladyship or
Lady London

Eldest sons, grandsons and great-grandsons of dukes, marquesses and earls

PositionOn envelopesSalutation in letterOral address
(Eldest sons of dukes, marquesses and earls use their father's most senior subsidiary title
Subsidiary title
A subsidiary title is an hereditary title held by a royal or a noble but which is not regularly used to identify that person.For example, the Duke of Norfolk is also the Earl of Arundel, the Earl of Surrey, the Earl of Norfolk, the Baron Beaumont, the Baron Maltravers, the Baron FitzAlan, the Baron...

 as courtesy titles: note the absence of "The" before the title. If applicable, eldest sons of courtesy marquesses or courtesy earls also use a subsidiary title from their (great) grandfather, which is lower ranking than the one used by their father. Eldest daughters do not have courtesy titles; all courtesy peeresses are wives of courtesy peers.)
Courtesy Marquess (The) Marquess of London My Lord Marquess or
Dear Lord London
My Lord or
Lord London
Courtesy Marquess's wife (The) Marchioness of London Madam or
Dear Lady London
My Lady or
Lady London
Courtesy Earl (The) Earl of London My Lord or
Dear Lord London
My Lord or
Lord London
Courtesy Earl's wife (The) Countess of London Madam or
Dear Lady London
My Lady or
Lady London
Courtesy Viscount (The) Viscount London My Lord or
Dear Lord London
My Lord or
Lord London
Courtesy Viscount's wife (The) Viscountess London Madam or
Dear Lady London
My Lady or
Lady London
Courtesy Baron
Courtesy Lord of Parliament
(The) Lord London My Lord or
Dear Lord London
My Lord or
Lord London
Courtesy Baron's wife
Wife of Courtesy Lord of Parliament
(The) Lady London Madam or
Dear Lady London
My Lady or
Lady London

Heirs-apparent and heirs-presumptive of Scottish peers

PositionOn envelopesSalutation in letterOral address
(Heirs-apparent and heirs-presumptive of Scottish peers use the titles "Master" and "Mistress"; these are substantive, not courtesy titles. If, however, the individual is the eldest son of a Duke, Marquess or Earl, then he uses the appropriate courtesy title, as noted above.)
Scottish peer's heir-apparent or heir-presumptive The Master of Edinburgh Sir or
Dear Master of Edinburgh
Sir or
Master
Scottish peer's heiress-apparent or heiress-presumptive The Mistress of Edinburgh Madam or
Dear Mistress of Edinburgh
Madam or
Mistress

Sons, grandsons and great-grandsons of peers

PositionOn envelopesSalutation in letterOral address
Duke's younger son
(Courtesy) Marquess's younger son
(The) Lord John Smith My Lord or
Dear Lord John (Smith)
My Lord or
Lord John
Duke's younger son's wife
(Courtesy) Marquess's younger son's wife
(The) Lady John Smith Madam or
Dear Lady John
My Lady or
Lady John
(Courtesy) Earl's younger son
(Courtesy) Viscount's son
(Courtesy) Baron's son
(Courtesy) Lord of Parliament's son
The Hon John Smith Sir or
Dear Mr Smith
Sir or
Mr Smith
(Courtesy) Earl's younger son's wife
(Courtesy) Viscount's son's wife
(Courtesy) Baron's son's wife
(Courtesy) Lord of Parliament's son's wife
The Hon Mrs John Smith Madam or
Dear Mrs Smith
Madam or
Mrs Smith

Daughters, granddaughters and great-granddaughters of peers

PositionOn envelopesSalutation in letterOral address
(If a daughter of a peer or courtesy peer marries another peer or courtesy peer, she takes her husband's rank. If she marries anyone else, she keeps her rank and title, using her husband's surname instead of her maiden name.)
Duke's daughter
(Courtesy) Marquess's daughter
(Courtesy) Earl's daughter
(unmarried or married to a commoner)
(The) Lady Mary Smith (if unmarried),
(The) Lady Mary Brown (Husband Surname, if Married)
Madam or
Dear Lady Mary
My Lady or
Lady Mary
(Courtesy) Viscount's daughter
(Courtesy) Baron's daughter
(Courtesy) Lord of parliament's daughter
(unmarried)
The Hon Mary Smith Madam or
Dear Miss Smith
Madam or
Miss Smith
(Courtesy) Viscount's daughter
(Courtesy) Baron's daughter
(Courtesy) Lord of Parliament's daughter
(married to a commoner)
The Hon Mrs Brown (Husband Surname) Madam or
Dear Mrs Brown
Madam or
Mrs Brown

Baronets

PositionOn envelopesSalutation in letterOral address
Baronet
Baronet
A baronet or the rare female equivalent, a baronetess , is the holder of a hereditary baronetcy awarded by the British Crown...

Sir John Smith, Bt (or Bart) Sir or
Dear Sir John (Smith)
Sir or
Sir John
Baronetess in her own right Dame Mary Smith, Btss Madam or
Dear Dame Mary (Smith)
Madam or
Dame Mary
Baronet's wife Lady Smith Madam or
Dear Lady Smith
My Lady or
Lady Smith
Baronet's divorced wife Mary, Lady Smith Madam or
Dear Lady Smith
My Lady or
Lady Smith
Baronet's widow Dowager Lady Smith or Lady Smith if the heir incumbent is unmarried Madam or
Dear Lady Smith
My Lady or
Lady Smith

Knights

PositionOn envelopesSalutation in letterOral address
Knight
Knight
A knight was a member of a class of lower nobility in the High Middle Ages.By the Late Middle Ages, the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry, a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior....

 (of any order)
Sir John Smith Sir or
Dear Sir John (Smith)
Sir or
Sir John
Lady (of the Order of the Garter
Order of the Garter
The Most Noble Order of the Garter, founded in 1348, is the highest order of chivalry, or knighthood, existing in England. The order is dedicated to the image and arms of St...

 or the Thistle
Order of the Thistle
The Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle is an order of chivalry associated with Scotland. The current version of the Order was founded in 1687 by King James VII of Scotland who asserted that he was reviving an earlier Order...

)
Lady Mary Smith Madam or
Dear Lady Mary (Smith)
My Lady or
Lady Mary
Dame (of an order other than the Garter or the Thistle) Dame Mary Smith Madam or
Dear Dame Mary (Smith)
Madam or
Dame Mary
Knight's wife Lady Smith Madam or
Dear Lady Smith
My Lady or
Lady Smith

Scottish feudal barons, and Chiefs, chieftains and lairds

PositionOn envelopesSalutation in letterOral address
Feudal baron
Feudal baron
Feudal baron may refer to:*English feudal barony*Scottish feudal barony*Irish feudal barony...

John Smith of Edinburgh
or John Smith,
Baron of Edinburgh or
The Baron of Edinburgh
Sir or
Dear Edinburgh or
Dear Baron
Edinburgh or
Baron
Female feudal baroness or
Feudal baron's wife
As feudal baron,
substituting "Madam"
for first name and
substituting "Baroness" for "Baron", or
Lady Edinburgh
Madam or
Dear Baroness or Dear Lady Edinburgh
Madam or
Baroness or
Lady Edinburgh
Chief, chieftain or laird
Laird
A Laird is a member of the gentry and is a heritable title in Scotland. In the non-peerage table of precedence, a Laird ranks below a Baron and above an Esquire.-Etymology:...



(Only lairds recognised in a
territorial designation by
the Lord Lyon)
John Smith of Smith or
John Smith of Edinburgh
or
John Smith of that Ilk or
The Smith of Smith or
The Smith of Edinburgh or
The Smith
(varies according to family)
(only the 2nd form of
address above applies
to lairds)
Sir or
Dear Edinburgh (if placename in title) or
Dear Smith (otherwise)
Edinburgh (if placename in title) or
Smith (otherwise)
Female Chief, chieftain or laird or
Chief, chieftain or laird's wife
As Chief, substituting
"Madam" or "Mrs" for first
name or "The"
or The Lady Edinburgh
Madam or
as on envelope
Madam or
as on envelope
Chief (etc.)'s heir-apparent John Smith of Edinburgh, yr or
John Smith, yr of Edinburgh or
John Smith of Edinburgh
(last only if different first name to father)
Sir or
Dear Younger of Edinburgh or
Dear Mr Smith of Edinburgh
Sir or
Young Edinburgh or
The Younger of Edinburgh
Chief (etc.)'s heir-apparent's wife Mrs Smith of Edinburgh, yr or
Mrs Smith, yr of Edinburgh
Madam or
Dear Mrs Smith of Edinburgh
Madam or
Mrs Smith of Edinburgh
Chief (etc.)'s eldest daughter (if none senior) Miss Smith of Edinburgh or
Jane Smith, Maid of Edinburgh
Madam or
Dear Miss Smith of Edinburgh or
Dear Maid of Edinburgh
Madam or
Miss Smith of Edinburgh or
Maid of Edinburgh
Chief (etc.)'s younger daughter Miss Mary Smith of Edinburgh Madam or
Dear Miss Smith of Edinburgh
Madam or
Miss Smith of Edinburgh

Church of England

Similar styles are also applied to clergy of equivalent status in other religious organisations.
PositionOn envelopesSalutation in letterOral address
Archbishop The Most Rev and Rt Hon The Lord Archbishop of Canterbury Dear Archbishop Your Grace or
Archbishop
Archbishop that is not in Privy Council The Most Rev The Lord Archbishop of Wales Dear Archbishop Your Grace or
Archbishop
Diocesan bishop in Privy Council The Rt Rev and Rt Hon The Lord Bishop of London Dear Bishop My Lord or
Bishop
Bishop, diocesan or suffragan The Rt Rev The Lord Bishop of Durham Dear Bishop My Lord or
Bishop
Dean The Very Rev The Dean of York Dear Mr/Madam Dean Dean or
Mr/Madam Dean
Archdeacon The Ven The Archdeacon of London Dear Archdeacon Archdeacon
Prebendary The Rev Prebendary Smith Dear Prebendary Smith Prebend
Canon The Rev Canon John Smith Dear Canon Canon
Priest The Rev John Smith or Father John Smith Dear Mr/Mrs/Ms Smith or
Dear Father Smith
Mr/Mrs/Ms Smith or
Father John/Smith or
Vicar/Rector/Prebendary/Curate/Chaplain etc. as applicable
Deacon The Rev Deacon John Smith or
The Rev John Smith

Dear Mr/Mrs/Ms Smith or
Dear Deacon Smith
Deacon Smith or Mr/Mrs/Ms Smith


The usage 'Lord' as applied to a bishop pre-dates the United Kingdom, and is a well-established convention.
It is more usual to abbreviate Reverend to Rev'd rather than Rev.
Where a personal name is not used for a priest or deacon, the manner of address is Rev Mr etc., i.e. the Rev is used with the usual title. Without this title, the use of Rev with a surname refers to non-Anglican Protestant clergy, whereas Catholic clergy favour Fr (Father).
For further details see Crockford's Guide to addressing the Clergy.

Clergy: 'introduce as Mr Pike or Father Pike according to his preference' (Debrett's Etiquette and Modern Manners 1981 pg230)

Church of Scotland

PositionOn envelopesSalutation in letterOral address
Lord High Commissioner
Lord High Commissioner
Lord High Commissioner is the style of High Commissioners, i.e. direct representatives of the monarch, in three cases in the Kingdom of Scotland and the United Kingdom, two of which are no longer extant...

 to the General Assembly
His Grace The Lord High Commissioner Your Grace Your Grace
Clergy The Rev John Smith Dear Mr Smith Mr Smith
Current Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland The Right Rev John Smith Dear Mr Smith Mr Smith
Former Moderators of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland The Very Rev John Smith Dear Mr Smith Mr Smith

Judiciary

PositionOn envelopesSalutation in letterOral addressIn court
Male Lord Justice of Appeal
Lord Justice of Appeal
A Lord Justice of Appeal is an ordinary judge of the Court of Appeal of England and Wales, the court that hears appeals from the High Court of Justice, and represents the second highest level of judge in the courts of England and Wales-Appointment:...

The Rt Hon. Lord Justice (John) Smith Lord Justice Lord Justice My Lord
Retired male Lord Justice of Appeal The Rt Hon. Sir John Smith Judge or Sir John Sir John My Lord
Female Lord Justice of Appeal The Rt Hon. Lady Justice (Mary) Smith, DBE Lady Justice Lady Justice My Lady
Retired female Lord Justice of Appeal The Rt Hon. Dame Mary Smith, DBE Judge or Dame Mary Dame Mary My Lady
Male High Court Judge
High Court judge
A High Court judge is a judge of the High Court of Justice, and represents the third highest level of judge in the courts of England and Wales. High Court judges are referred to as puisne judges...

The Hon. Mr Justice (John) Smith Judge Judge My Lord
Retired male High Court Judge Sir John Smith Judge or Sir John Sir John My Lord
Female High Court Judge The Hon. Mrs Justice (Mary) Smith, DBE Judge Judge My Lady
Retired female High Court Judge Dame Mary Smith, DBE Judge or Dame Mary Dame Mary My Lady
Circuit Judge who was Queen's Counsel
Queen's Counsel
Queen's Counsel , known as King's Counsel during the reign of a male sovereign, are lawyers appointed by letters patent to be one of Her [or His] Majesty's Counsel learned in the law...

His Honour Judge (John) Smith, QC Judge Judge Your Honour
Circuit Judge His Honour Judge (John) Smith Judge Judge Your Honour
District Judge District Judge (John) Smith Judge Sir or Madam Sir or Madam


A judge's first name only forms part of their judicial style if, at the time of their appointment, there is a senior judge with the same or a similar surname. Thus, if there is a "Mr Justice Smith", subsequent judges will be "Mr Justice John Smith", "Mrs Justice Mary Smith", etc.

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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