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Fort McIntosh (Georgia)
Encyclopedia
Fort McIntosh is an American
military fortification
from the American Revolution
located near the Satilla River
in Brantley County
, Georgia
, near the present site of the intersection of U.S. Route 82
and Georgia State Route 110 near the town of Atkinson, Georgia.
The log fortress was constructed by William McIntosh, brother of Colonel Lachlan McIntosh
, to guard the Georgia frontier against attacks by Tory sympathizing Floridians and hostile Native American
tribe
s.
The fort was a square log and earth structure about 100 feet on each side with a bastion
at each corner. The fort was garrisoned by 40 men from the 3rd South Carolina Regiment
and
20 Continentals from the 1st Brigade Georgia Militia
, under command of Captain Richard Winn
.
On February 17, 1777, the base was attacked by Tories and Indians and forced to surrender the next day. All of the prisoners were released with the exception of two officers who were taken as hostages to St. Augustine, Florida
.
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
military fortification
Fortification
Fortifications are military constructions and buildings designed for defence in warfare and military bases. Humans have constructed defensive works for many thousands of years, in a variety of increasingly complex designs...
from the American Revolution
American Revolution
The American Revolution was the political upheaval during the last half of the 18th century in which thirteen colonies in North America joined together to break free from the British Empire, combining to become the United States of America...
located near the Satilla River
Satilla River
The Satilla River rises in Ben Hill County, Georgia, near the town of Fitzgerald, and flows in a mostly easterly direction to the Atlantic Ocean. Along its approximately course are the cities of Waycross, Waynesville, and Woodbine. The Satilla drains almost of land, all of it in the coastal...
in Brantley County
Brantley County, Georgia
Brantley County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is part of the 'Brunswick, Georgia Metropolitan Statistical Area' which encompasses all of Brantley, Glynn, and McIntosh counties. As of 2000, the population is 14,629. The 2007 Census Estimate shows a population of 15,440...
, Georgia
Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia is a state located in the southeastern United States. It was established in 1732, the last of the original Thirteen Colonies. The state is named after King George II of Great Britain. Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution, on January 2, 1788...
, near the present site of the intersection of U.S. Route 82
U.S. Route 82
U.S. Route 82 is an east–west United States highway in the southern United States. What started as a 1932 addition to the system across central Mississippi and southern Arkansas eventually became a 1,609 mile route extending from the White Sands of New Mexico to Georgia's Atlantic coast.The...
and Georgia State Route 110 near the town of Atkinson, Georgia.
The log fortress was constructed by William McIntosh, brother of Colonel Lachlan McIntosh
Lachlan McIntosh
Lachlan McIntosh was a British-born American military and political leader during the American Revolution and the early United States. In a 1777 duel, he shot dead Button Gwinnett, a signer of the Declaration of Independence.-Arrival in Georgia:Lachlan McIntosh was born near Raits, Badenoch,...
, to guard the Georgia frontier against attacks by Tory sympathizing Floridians and hostile Native American
Native Americans in the United States
Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples in North America within the boundaries of the present-day continental United States, parts of Alaska, and the island state of Hawaii. They are composed of numerous, distinct tribes, states, and ethnic groups, many of which survive as...
tribe
Tribe
A tribe, viewed historically or developmentally, consists of a social group existing before the development of, or outside of, states.Many anthropologists use the term tribal society to refer to societies organized largely on the basis of kinship, especially corporate descent groups .Some theorists...
s.
The fort was a square log and earth structure about 100 feet on each side with a bastion
Bastion
A bastion, or a bulwark, is a structure projecting outward from the main enclosure of a fortification, situated in both corners of a straight wall , facilitating active defence against assaulting troops...
at each corner. The fort was garrisoned by 40 men from the 3rd South Carolina Regiment
3rd South Carolina Regiment
The 3rd South Carolina Regiment was raised on 6 June 1775, at Ninety-Six Court House, South Carolina, for service with the Continental Army. The regiment saw action at the Siege of Savannah and the Siege of Charleston. The regiment was captured by the British Army at Charleston on 12 May 1780,...
and
20 Continentals from the 1st Brigade Georgia Militia
1st Brigade Georgia Militia
The 1st Brigade Georgia Militia was raised for service with the Continental Army as part of the Georgia Militia. The regiment was disbanded....
, under command of Captain Richard Winn
Richard Winn
Richard Winn was an American merchant, surveyor, and politician from Winnsboro, South Carolina. During the American Revolutionary War he was an officer in the 3rd South Carolina Regiment. After the regiment was captured at Charleston, he served in a militia partisan unit under Thomas Sumter...
.
On February 17, 1777, the base was attacked by Tories and Indians and forced to surrender the next day. All of the prisoners were released with the exception of two officers who were taken as hostages to St. Augustine, Florida
St. Augustine, Florida
St. Augustine is a city in the northeast section of Florida and the county seat of St. Johns County, Florida, United States. Founded in 1565 by Spanish explorer and admiral Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, it is the oldest continuously occupied European-established city and port in the continental United...
.