Francis Haywood was a Liverpool

Liverpool

Liverpool is a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England, along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary. It was founded as a borough in 1207 and was granted city status in 1880...

 merchant

Merchant

A merchant is a businessperson who trades in commodities that were produced by others, in order to earn a profit.Merchants can be one of two types:# A wholesale merchant operates in the chain between producer and retail merchant...

 and translator, the first person to translate Kant

Immanuel Kant

Immanuel Kant was a German philosopher from Königsberg , researching, lecturing and writing on philosophy and anthropology at the end of the 18th Century Enlightenment....

's Critique of Pure Reason

Critique of Pure Reason

The Critique of Pure Reason by Immanuel Kant, first published in 1781, second edition 1787, is considered one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy. Also referred to as Kant's "first critique," it was followed by the Critique of Practical Reason and the Critique of Judgement...

into English.

Born in Liverpool, Haywood lived there for most of his life. In 1828 (describing himself as a 'layman of the Church of England', though he was in fact active in Liverpool Unitarian circles) he translated a reply by the theological rationalist Karl Gottlieb Bretschneider

Karl Gottlieb Bretschneider

Karl Gottlieb Bretschneider was a German scholar and theologian from Gersdorf, Saxony. He is noted for, among other things, having planned and founded the monumental Corpus Reformatorum....

 to Hugh James Rose

Hugh James Rose

Hugh James Rose was an English churchman and theologian who served as the second Principal of King's College London....

's essay on the state of Protestantism in Germany. In an 1829 Foreign Review article Haywood called for an English translation of Kant's Critique. Arthur Schopenhauer

Arthur Schopenhauer

Arthur Schopenhauer was a German philosopher known for his pessimism and philosophical clarity. At age 25, he published his doctoral dissertation, On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason, which examined the four separate manifestations of reason in the phenomenal...

 wrote to him on the matter, but was offended when Haywood suggested they should collaborate on a translation. Haywood's translation of the Critique appeared anonymously in 1838.

Haywood died on 29 May 1858 at Feckenham

Feckenham

Feckenham is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Redditch in Worcestershire, England. It lies some three miles south-west of the town of Redditch and is around twelve miles north-east of the ancient city of Worcester...

 in Worcestershire

Worcestershire

Worcestershire is a non-metropolitan county, established in antiquity, located in the West Midlands region of England. For Eurostat purposes it is a NUTS 3 region and is one of three counties that comprise the "Herefordshire, Worcestershire and Warwickshire" NUTS 2 region...

, and was buried in the churchyard of St John the Baptist in Feckenham.

Haywood's daughter Lucy Franklin published an anonymous memoir of her father in the Cornhill Magazine

Cornhill Magazine

The Cornhill Magazine was a Victorian magazine and literary journal named after Cornhill Street in London.Cornhill was founded by George Murray Smith in 1860 and was published until 1975. It was a literary journal with a selection of articles on diverse subjects and serialisations of new novels...

. There are some papers relating to him at Duke University

Duke University

Duke University is a private research university located in Durham, North Carolina, United States. Founded by Methodists and Quakers in the present day town of Trinity in 1838, the school moved to Durham in 1892. In 1924, tobacco industrialist James B...

 library.

Works

• (tr.) Reply to the Rev. Hugh J. Rose's work on the State of Protestantism in Germany by Karl Gottlieb Bretschneider
  Karl Gottlieb Bretschneider
  Karl Gottlieb Bretschneider was a German scholar and theologian from Gersdorf, Saxony. He is noted for, among other things, having planned and founded the monumental Corpus Reformatorum....
  
  . G. B. Whittaker: London, 1828
• (tr.) Critick of pure reason by Immanuel Kant
  Immanuel Kant
  Immanuel Kant was a German philosopher from Königsberg , researching, lecturing and writing on philosophy and anthropology at the end of the 18th Century Enlightenment....
  
  , W. Pickering: London, 1838. Revised translation, 1848.
• An analysis of Kant's Critick of pure reason, W. Pickering: London, 1844
• (tr.) Researches into the History of the Roman Constitution, with an appendix upon the Roman Knights by William Ihne. London, 1853.