Francis Mallory
Encyclopedia
Francis Mallory was an American naval officer, physician
, politician
, and railroad executive.
, attended Hampton Academy and was appointed midshipman
in the United States Navy
where he served 1822-1828. Dr, Mallory was graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania
at Philadelphia
in 1831 and practiced in Norfolk, Virginia
.
Dr. Mallory served as a Representative in the U.S. Congress, as a Delegate in the Virginia General Assembly
, and as a Navy Agent in Norfolk
appointed by President
Millard Fillmore
.
For many years, he helped lobby before the State Legislature for a railroad line to Norfolk, an efforts which was opposed by shipping interests from Richmond
and Petersburg
. In 1851, Dr. Mallory and the Norfolk interests finally succeeded in obtaining a charter and financing from the Virginia Board of Public Works
to form the Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad
(N&P).
In 1853, the new railroad hired a 26-year old civil engineer
and graduate of Virginia Military Institute
from Southampton County
by the name of William Mahone
. Small-statured "Little Billy" Mahone was frugal with expenses while he built the N&P to high construction standards. Mahone is credited with the design and implementation of an innovative corduroy roadbed through the Great Dismal Swamp
between South Norfolk
and Suffolk
. The design employed a log foundation laid at right angles beneath the surface of the swamp. Still in use 150 years later, Mahone's design withstands immense tonnages of export coal
traffic en route to coal pier
s at Norfolk's Lambert's Point
. He was also responsible for engineering and building the famous 52 mile-long tangent
track between Suffolk
and Petersburg which is a major artery of modern Norfolk Southern rail traffic.
Dr. Mallory survived the Yellow Fever
Epidemic which swept through Norfolk in 1855 and killed 2,000 of its 6,000 citizens. However, construction of his new railroad was delayed for more than a year due to the many deaths and resulting financial hardships. After the railroad was completed in 1858, he stepped down and Mahone became its new president.
Dr. Mallory died in Norfolk on March 26, 1860, and was buried in Elmwood Cemetery
there. His son was killed at the Battle of Chancellorsville
, and is buried there.
Francis Mallory Elementary School of the Hampton City Public Schools and Mallory Street in the historic Phoebus
section of Hampton near Fort Monroe
are named in his honor.
Physician
A physician is a health care provider who practices the profession of medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury and other physical and mental impairments...
, politician
Politician
A politician, political leader, or political figure is an individual who is involved in influencing public policy and decision making...
, and railroad executive.
Biography
Francis Mallory was born in Elizabeth City County, VirginiaElizabeth City County, Virginia
Elizabeth City County was a county in southeastern Virginia from 1634 to 1952. Originally created in 1634 as Elizabeth River Shire, it was one of eight shires created in the Virginia Colony by order of the King of England. In 1636, it was subdivided, and the portion north of the harbor of Hampton...
, attended Hampton Academy and was appointed midshipman
Midshipman
A midshipman is an officer cadet, or a commissioned officer of the lowest rank, in the Royal Navy, United States Navy, and many Commonwealth navies. Commonwealth countries which use the rank include Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Pakistan, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Kenya...
in the United States Navy
United States Navy
The United States Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven uniformed services of the United States. The U.S. Navy is the largest in the world; its battle fleet tonnage is greater than that of the next 13 largest navies combined. The U.S...
where he served 1822-1828. Dr, Mallory was graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
The University of Pennsylvania is a private, Ivy League university located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Penn is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States,Penn is the fourth-oldest using the founding dates claimed by each institution...
at Philadelphia
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Philadelphia is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the county seat of Philadelphia County, with which it is coterminous. The city is located in the Northeastern United States along the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers. It is the fifth-most-populous city in the United States,...
in 1831 and practiced in Norfolk, Virginia
Norfolk, Virginia
Norfolk is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. With a population of 242,803 as of the 2010 Census, it is Virginia's second-largest city behind neighboring Virginia Beach....
.
Dr. Mallory served as a Representative in the U.S. Congress, as a Delegate in the Virginia General Assembly
Virginia General Assembly
The Virginia General Assembly is the legislative body of the Commonwealth of Virginia, and the oldest legislative body in the Western Hemisphere, established on July 30, 1619. The General Assembly is a bicameral body consisting of a lower house, the Virginia House of Delegates, with 100 members,...
, and as a Navy Agent in Norfolk
Norfolk, Virginia
Norfolk is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. With a population of 242,803 as of the 2010 Census, it is Virginia's second-largest city behind neighboring Virginia Beach....
appointed by President
President of the United States
The President of the United States of America is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces....
Millard Fillmore
Millard Fillmore
Millard Fillmore was the 13th President of the United States and the last member of the Whig Party to hold the office of president...
.
For many years, he helped lobby before the State Legislature for a railroad line to Norfolk, an efforts which was opposed by shipping interests from Richmond
Richmond, Virginia
Richmond is the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia, in the United States. It is an independent city and not part of any county. Richmond is the center of the Richmond Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Greater Richmond area...
and Petersburg
Petersburg, Virginia
Petersburg is an independent city in Virginia, United States located on the Appomattox River and south of the state capital city of Richmond. The city's population was 32,420 as of 2010, predominantly of African-American ethnicity...
. In 1851, Dr. Mallory and the Norfolk interests finally succeeded in obtaining a charter and financing from the Virginia Board of Public Works
Virginia Board of Public Works
The Virginia Board of Public Works was a governmental agency which oversaw and helped finance the development of Virginia's internal transportation improvements during the 19th century. In that era, it was customary to invest public funds in private companies, which were the forerunners of the...
to form the Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad
Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad
The Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad was built between Norfolk and Petersburg, Virginia and was completed by 1858.It played a role on the American Civil War , and became part of the Atlantic, Mississippi and Ohio Railroad in 1870. The AM&O became the Norfolk and Western in 1881...
(N&P).
In 1853, the new railroad hired a 26-year old civil engineer
Civil engineer
A civil engineer is a person who practices civil engineering; the application of planning, designing, constructing, maintaining, and operating infrastructures while protecting the public and environmental health, as well as improving existing infrastructures that have been neglected.Originally, a...
and graduate of Virginia Military Institute
Virginia Military Institute
The Virginia Military Institute , located in Lexington, Virginia, is the oldest state-supported military college and one of six senior military colleges in the United States. Unlike any other military college in the United States—and in keeping with its founding principles—all VMI students are...
from Southampton County
Southampton County, Virginia
As of the census of 2010, there were 18,570 people, 6,279 households, and 4,502 families residing in the county. The population density was 29 people per square mile . There were 7,058 housing units at an average density of 12 per square mile...
by the name of William Mahone
William Mahone
William Mahone was a civil engineer, teacher, soldier, railroad executive, and a member of the Virginia General Assembly and U.S. Congress. Small of stature, he was nicknamed "Little Billy"....
. Small-statured "Little Billy" Mahone was frugal with expenses while he built the N&P to high construction standards. Mahone is credited with the design and implementation of an innovative corduroy roadbed through the Great Dismal Swamp
Great Dismal Swamp
The Great Dismal Swamp is a marshy area on the Coastal Plain Region of southeastern Virginia and northeastern North Carolina between Norfolk, Virginia, and Elizabeth City, North Carolina in the United States. It is located in parts of southern Chesapeake and Suffolk in Virginia, as well as northern...
between South Norfolk
South Norfolk, Virginia
South Norfolk was an independent city in the South Hampton Roads region of eastern Virginia and is now a section of the City of Chesapeake, one of the cities of Hampton Roads which surround the harbor of Hampton Roads and are linked by the Hampton Roads Beltway.-History:Located a few miles south of...
and Suffolk
Suffolk, Virginia
Suffolk is the largest city by area in Virginia, United States, and is located in the Hampton Roads metropolitan area. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 84,585. Its median household income was $57,546.-History:...
. The design employed a log foundation laid at right angles beneath the surface of the swamp. Still in use 150 years later, Mahone's design withstands immense tonnages of export coal
Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams. The harder forms, such as anthracite coal, can be regarded as metamorphic rock because of later exposure to elevated temperature and pressure...
traffic en route to coal pier
Coal pier
A coal pier is a transloading facility designed for the transfer of coal between rail and ship.The typical facility for loading ships consists of a holding area and a system of conveyors for transferring the coal to dockside and loading it into the ship's cargo holds...
s at Norfolk's Lambert's Point
Lambert's Point
Lamberts Point is a point of land on the south shore of the Elizabeth River near the downtown area of the independent city of Norfolk in the South Hampton Roads region of eastern Virginia, United States...
. He was also responsible for engineering and building the famous 52 mile-long tangent
Tangent
In geometry, the tangent line to a plane curve at a given point is the straight line that "just touches" the curve at that point. More precisely, a straight line is said to be a tangent of a curve at a point on the curve if the line passes through the point on the curve and has slope where f...
track between Suffolk
Suffolk, Virginia
Suffolk is the largest city by area in Virginia, United States, and is located in the Hampton Roads metropolitan area. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 84,585. Its median household income was $57,546.-History:...
and Petersburg which is a major artery of modern Norfolk Southern rail traffic.
Dr. Mallory survived the Yellow Fever
Yellow fever
Yellow fever is an acute viral hemorrhagic disease. The virus is a 40 to 50 nm enveloped RNA virus with positive sense of the Flaviviridae family....
Epidemic which swept through Norfolk in 1855 and killed 2,000 of its 6,000 citizens. However, construction of his new railroad was delayed for more than a year due to the many deaths and resulting financial hardships. After the railroad was completed in 1858, he stepped down and Mahone became its new president.
Dr. Mallory died in Norfolk on March 26, 1860, and was buried in Elmwood Cemetery
Elmwood Cemetery
Elmwood Cemetery may refer to:in Canada *Elmwood Cemetery in the United States *Elmwood Cemetery *Elmwood Cemetery...
there. His son was killed at the Battle of Chancellorsville
Battle of Chancellorsville
The Battle of Chancellorsville was a major battle of the American Civil War, and the principal engagement of the Chancellorsville Campaign. It was fought from April 30 to May 6, 1863, in Spotsylvania County, Virginia, near the village of Chancellorsville. Two related battles were fought nearby on...
, and is buried there.
Francis Mallory Elementary School of the Hampton City Public Schools and Mallory Street in the historic Phoebus
Phoebus, Virginia
Phoebus was an incorporated town located in Elizabeth City County on the Virginia Peninsula in eastern Virginia. Upon incorporation in 1900, it was named in honor of local businessman Harrison Phoebus , who is credited with convincing the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway to extend its tracks to the...
section of Hampton near Fort Monroe
Fort Monroe
Fort Monroe was a military installation in Hampton, Virginia—at Old Point Comfort, the southern tip of the Virginia Peninsula...
are named in his honor.