Francisco Antonio De Zela
Encyclopedia
Francisco Antonio De Zela y Arizaga (born in July 24, 1786 in Lima - died in July 28, 1821 in Panama city), is notable for sending forth the first libertarian outcry in the Peru
vian city of Tacna
on June 20, 1811 in an attempt to start the independence of Peru. De Zela was supported by a large group of criollos
, mestizos and Indians, among them the caciques José Rosa Ara and Miguel Copaja.
The rebellion of Tacna was in close contact with the Argentine revolution, initiated in Buenos Aires on May 25, 1810. The Argentines sent an army to the Charcas
region (Bolivia
), under the command of general Antonio González de Balcarce
and the lawyer Juan José Castelli
. They sent proclamations to various towns in southern Peru, inviting them to follow them in the revolution. The town of Tacna was the first under the direction of Don Francisco Antonio De Zela, occupying the quarters of the Spanish authorities that night.
On the same day (June 20) the Argentine army was defeated by Spanish forces in Huaqui, bordering Lake Titicaca
, and thus De Zela never received the needed support. This news created a morale problem for the De Zela's troops and as a result, they were defeated by the Spaniards. The main leaders of the rebellion were caught, among them De Zela, and they were led to Lima and condemned to 10 years in the military prison of Chagres
, Panama
, where De Zela died.
His house, located on Zela Street #542, was named a Historical Monument on July 26, 1961 and to this day continues to be one of the major tourist attractions of the city of Tacna.
June 20 is a local holiday in city of Tacna
.
Peru
Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....
vian city of Tacna
Tacna
- Rail :Tacna is served by a cross-border standard gauge railway to Arica, Chile.It is also the location of the National Railway Museum of Peru.-Air:Tacna is served by the Crnl. FAP...
on June 20, 1811 in an attempt to start the independence of Peru. De Zela was supported by a large group of criollos
Creole peoples
The term Creole and its cognates in other languages — such as crioulo, criollo, créole, kriolu, criol, kreyol, kreol, kriulo, kriol, krio, etc. — have been applied to people in different countries and epochs, with rather different meanings...
, mestizos and Indians, among them the caciques José Rosa Ara and Miguel Copaja.
The rebellion of Tacna was in close contact with the Argentine revolution, initiated in Buenos Aires on May 25, 1810. The Argentines sent an army to the Charcas
Charcas
Charcas may refer to:* Charcas Province, a province in Potosí Department, Bolivia* Real Audiencia of Charcas, one of six political units of the Viceroyalty of Peru* Charcas, a historical name of Sucre, capital of Bolivia...
region (Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia officially known as Plurinational State of Bolivia , is a landlocked country in central South America. It is the poorest country in South America...
), under the command of general Antonio González de Balcarce
Antonio González de Balcarce
Antonio González de Balcarce was an Argentine military commander in the early 19th century.González de Balcarce was born in Buenos Aires. He joined the armed forces as a cadet in 1788. In the battle for Montevideo in 1807, he was captured by the British forces and taken to England...
and the lawyer Juan José Castelli
Juan José Castelli
Juan José Castelli was an Argentine lawyer. He was one of the leaders of the May Revolution, which started the Argentine War of Independence...
. They sent proclamations to various towns in southern Peru, inviting them to follow them in the revolution. The town of Tacna was the first under the direction of Don Francisco Antonio De Zela, occupying the quarters of the Spanish authorities that night.
On the same day (June 20) the Argentine army was defeated by Spanish forces in Huaqui, bordering Lake Titicaca
Lake Titicaca
Lake Titicaca is a lake located on the border of Peru and Bolivia. It sits 3,811 m above sea level, making it the highest commercially navigable lake in the world...
, and thus De Zela never received the needed support. This news created a morale problem for the De Zela's troops and as a result, they were defeated by the Spaniards. The main leaders of the rebellion were caught, among them De Zela, and they were led to Lima and condemned to 10 years in the military prison of Chagres
Chagres
Chagres, a village of the Republic of Panama in the Colón Province. It has a harbour from 10 to I ~ ft. deep, which is difficult to enter. The port was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1502, and was opened for traffic with Panama, on the Pacific coast, by way of the Chagres River, in the 16th...
, Panama
Panama
Panama , officially the Republic of Panama , is the southernmost country of Central America. Situated on the isthmus connecting North and South America, it is bordered by Costa Rica to the northwest, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The...
, where De Zela died.
His house, located on Zela Street #542, was named a Historical Monument on July 26, 1961 and to this day continues to be one of the major tourist attractions of the city of Tacna.
June 20 is a local holiday in city of Tacna
Tacna
- Rail :Tacna is served by a cross-border standard gauge railway to Arica, Chile.It is also the location of the National Railway Museum of Peru.-Air:Tacna is served by the Crnl. FAP...
.