Francisco Ferreira Drummond
Encyclopedia
Francisco Ferreira Drummond (21 January 1796 – 9 November 1858) was a historian
, palaeograph, musician
and politician
from a locality of Vila de São Sebastião
on the island of Terceira, the Portuguese
Azores
. He was a historic publisher occupying a better part of his work with documenting the History of the Azores
(primarily from the island of Terceira), where he was responsible for writing the Anais da Ilha Terceira (Annals of the island of Terceira).
. He was the son of Tomé Ferreira Drumond, a wealthy landowner, and his wife Rita de Cássia, who delivered Francisco at home on 21 January 1796 and baptized six days later.
The Drummond family was intimately linked to the first educational classes and administrators of the Vila de São Sebastião: Tomé would hold the presidency in 1821, and his older brother, José Ferreira Drummond, was the Ordinance Captain, dominating the local political life for various decades.
Francisco, since his infancy, revealed a vocation in letters and music, under the influence of his paternal uncle the Kings-Master Francisco Machado Drummond. Concluding his early primary instruction, he studied latin
, logic and rhetoric. His musical abilities provided his with a nomination to the organists chair at the Parochial Church in Praia da Vitória in 1811 (at the time he was 18 years old), a position he retained until his death. Complimenting this role, he was an organ craftsman assistant, and called on to perform maintenance on organs throughout the island.
Abrilada rebellion (30 April 1824), Francisco was able to return to Terceira. From there he participated in the struggles of the Portuguese Civil War
(1828–1834), which he later described in the Anais da Ilha Terceira.
. In 1836, he was elected President of the municipal government, a position he held for three years. During his tenure he defended the interests of an autonomous municipality, as well as guaranteeing the construction of aqueducts and channels to transport potable waters from the springs near Cabrito for mills. At the time it was the largest hydraulic public work in Terceira, and one of the largest in the Azores.
In 1839, he was elected Solicitor General for the Junta Geral, while exercising for many more years the role of ombudsman for the Santa Casa da Misericórdia. Ferreira Drummond also supported the fight against the extinction of the municipality of São Sebastião, and through his activity was able to delay its implmentation from 24 October 1855 until 1 April 1870.
He died at the age of 63, in the home offered by the Santa Casa da Misericórdia along the Travessa da Misericórdia, in the Vila de São Sebastião.
In 1951, Francisco Ferreira Drummond was honoured a small monument in Rossio, Vila de S. Sebastião.
Historian
A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race; as well as the study of all history in time. If the individual is...
, palaeograph, musician
Musician
A musician is an artist who plays a musical instrument. It may or may not be the person's profession. Musicians can be classified by their roles in performing music and writing music.Also....* A person who makes music a profession....
and politician
Politician
A politician, political leader, or political figure is an individual who is involved in influencing public policy and decision making...
from a locality of Vila de São Sebastião
Vila de São Sebastião
Vila de São Sebastião, commonly shortened to São Sebastião is a civil parish in the municipality of Angra do Heroísmo, on the island of Terceira in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores...
on the island of Terceira, the Portuguese
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
Azores
Azores
The Archipelago of the Azores is composed of nine volcanic islands situated in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean, and is located about west from Lisbon and about east from the east coast of North America. The islands, and their economic exclusion zone, form the Autonomous Region of the...
. He was a historic publisher occupying a better part of his work with documenting the History of the Azores
History of the Azores
The following article describes the history of the Azores.-Myth and legend:Stories of islands in the Atlantic Ocean, legendary and otherwise, had been reported since classical antiquity. Utopian tales of the Fortunate Islands were sung by poets like Homer and Horace. Plato articulated the legend...
(primarily from the island of Terceira), where he was responsible for writing the Anais da Ilha Terceira (Annals of the island of Terceira).
Biography
Francisco Ferreira Drummond was born in the modern parish of Vila de São Sebastião, TerceiraTerceira Island
Referred to as the “Ilha Lilás” , Terceira is an island in the Azores archipelago, in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean. It is one of the larger islands of the archipelago, with a population of 56,000 inhabitants in an area of approximately 396.75 km²...
. He was the son of Tomé Ferreira Drumond, a wealthy landowner, and his wife Rita de Cássia, who delivered Francisco at home on 21 January 1796 and baptized six days later.
The Drummond family was intimately linked to the first educational classes and administrators of the Vila de São Sebastião: Tomé would hold the presidency in 1821, and his older brother, José Ferreira Drummond, was the Ordinance Captain, dominating the local political life for various decades.
Francisco, since his infancy, revealed a vocation in letters and music, under the influence of his paternal uncle the Kings-Master Francisco Machado Drummond. Concluding his early primary instruction, he studied latin
Latin
Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
, logic and rhetoric. His musical abilities provided his with a nomination to the organists chair at the Parochial Church in Praia da Vitória in 1811 (at the time he was 18 years old), a position he retained until his death. Complimenting this role, he was an organ craftsman assistant, and called on to perform maintenance on organs throughout the island.
Liberal Wars
With the elevation of the São Sebastião to the status of municipality, he was elected secretary for the municipal chamber in 1822. It was also in this year that the new Portuguese constitutional framework would establish a liberal form of government. In the following year, the Vila-Francada in Portugal (1823) ushered in political persecution of constitutionalists, in which Terceira was not immune. Francisco Ferreira, as with others, saw themselves forced to escape, on 27 July, to the island of Santa Maria, then São Miguel and Madeira, eventually terminating in Lisbon, where he remained exiled for less than a year. With the failure of Prince Miguel'sMiguel of Portugal
Dom Miguel I, sometimes Michael , was the King of Portugal between 1828 and 1834, the seventh child and second son of King John VI and his queen, Charlotte of Spain....
Abrilada rebellion (30 April 1824), Francisco was able to return to Terceira. From there he participated in the struggles of the Portuguese Civil War
Liberal Wars
The Liberal Wars, also known as the Portuguese Civil War, the War of the Two Brothers, or Miguelite War, was a war between progressive constitutionalists and authoritarian absolutists in Portugal over royal succession that lasted from 1828 to 1834...
(1828–1834), which he later described in the Anais da Ilha Terceira.
Later life
Returning to São Sebastião, he took on the position of secretary for orphans, then administrative secretary for the municipal council and notaryNotary
A notary is a lawyer or person with legal training who is licensed by the state to perform acts in legal affairs, in particular witnessing signatures on documents...
. In 1836, he was elected President of the municipal government, a position he held for three years. During his tenure he defended the interests of an autonomous municipality, as well as guaranteeing the construction of aqueducts and channels to transport potable waters from the springs near Cabrito for mills. At the time it was the largest hydraulic public work in Terceira, and one of the largest in the Azores.
In 1839, he was elected Solicitor General for the Junta Geral, while exercising for many more years the role of ombudsman for the Santa Casa da Misericórdia. Ferreira Drummond also supported the fight against the extinction of the municipality of São Sebastião, and through his activity was able to delay its implmentation from 24 October 1855 until 1 April 1870.
He died at the age of 63, in the home offered by the Santa Casa da Misericórdia along the Travessa da Misericórdia, in the Vila de São Sebastião.
In 1951, Francisco Ferreira Drummond was honoured a small monument in Rossio, Vila de S. Sebastião.
Published works
- Memória Histórica da Capitania da Praia da Vitória (Historic Memory of the Captaincy of Praia da Vitória); ed. Câmara Municipal da Praia da Vitória (1846), 56pp Praia da Vitória; republished in the collection Memória Histórica do Horrível Terramoto de 15.VI.1841 que Assolou a Vila da Praia da Vitória (Historic Memory of the Horrible Earthquake of 15 June 1851 that devastated the town of Praia da Vitória), ed. Câmara Municipal da Praia da Vitória (1983)
- Anais da Ilha Terceira (Annals of the island of Terceira); chronological annals of the history of the island of Terceira (1850), and presented by the Câmara Municipal of Angra do Heroísmo. The work contains four volumes, containing 1420 pages and 510 documented references. Volume I was first published in 1850, the second volume in 1856, the third volume in 1859 and the fourth, posthumely in 1864. The work was photocopied and republished in 1981, by the Secretaria Regional da Educação e Cultura (Regional Secretariate for Education and Sciences)
- Apontamentos Topográficos, Políticos, Civis e Eclesiásticos, para a História das Nove Ilhas dos Açores (Notes on the Topography, Politics, Judiciary and Eclesiatics, towards a History of the Nine Islands of the Azores), published by the Instituto Histórico da Ilha TerceiraInstituto Histórico da Ilha TerceiraThe Historical Institute of Terceira, or literally the Historical Institute of the Island of Terceira , or IHIT, is a private association and cultural institute, dedicated to the investigation and studying of the islands of the Azores...
, 648 pp.