Franco-Monegasque Treaty
Encyclopedia
The Franco-Monegasque Treaty of 1861 granted sovereignty to Monaco
. Previously, under the Treaty of Vienna
it had been a protectorate
of the Kingdom of Sardinia
.
A second treaty was agreed on July 17, 1918, owing to a possible succession crisis
near the end of the First World War. At the time the heir to the Monagasque throne had no legitimate children, and the possibility of his German cousins succeeding in future to the throne was unacceptable to the French.
A third treaty was signed on October 24, 2002. The new treaty deals with issues of sovereignty which were resolved in the 2002 revision of Monaco's constitution. Under the constitutional revisions, approved by the treaty, only a member of the Grimaldi line
can assume the throne, therefore resolving concerns that through the 1918 treaty Monaco could potentially become a French protectorate.
Monaco
Monaco , officially the Principality of Monaco , is a sovereign city state on the French Riviera. It is bordered on three sides by its neighbour, France, and its centre is about from Italy. Its area is with a population of 35,986 as of 2011 and is the most densely populated country in the...
. Previously, under the Treaty of Vienna
Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of European states chaired by Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, and held in Vienna from September, 1814 to June, 1815. The objective of the Congress was to settle the many issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars,...
it had been a protectorate
Protectorate
In history, the term protectorate has two different meanings. In its earliest inception, which has been adopted by modern international law, it is an autonomous territory that is protected diplomatically or militarily against third parties by a stronger state or entity...
of the Kingdom of Sardinia
Kingdom of Sardinia
The Kingdom of Sardinia consisted of the island of Sardinia first as a part of the Crown of Aragon and subsequently the Spanish Empire , and second as a part of the composite state of the House of Savoy . Its capital was originally Cagliari, in the south of the island, and later Turin, on the...
.
A second treaty was agreed on July 17, 1918, owing to a possible succession crisis
Monaco Succession Crisis of 1918
The Monaco Succession Crisis of 1918 arose because France objected to the prospect of a German national inheriting the throne of Monaco, a nation which neighboured France on its Mediterranean coast. Albert I, Sovereign Prince of Monaco had only one legitimate child, the Hereditary Prince Louis,...
near the end of the First World War. At the time the heir to the Monagasque throne had no legitimate children, and the possibility of his German cousins succeeding in future to the throne was unacceptable to the French.
A third treaty was signed on October 24, 2002. The new treaty deals with issues of sovereignty which were resolved in the 2002 revision of Monaco's constitution. Under the constitutional revisions, approved by the treaty, only a member of the Grimaldi line
House of Grimaldi
The House of Grimaldi is associated with the history of the Republic of Genoa and of the Principality of Monaco.-History:The Grimaldi family descends from Grimaldo, a Genoese statesman at the time of the early Crusades. He might have been a son of Otto Canella, a consul of the Republic of Genoa in...
can assume the throne, therefore resolving concerns that through the 1918 treaty Monaco could potentially become a French protectorate.