Frede Castberg
Encyclopedia
Frede Castberg was a Norwegian
jurist. The son of Johan Castberg
, he served as professor and rector at the University of Oslo
as well as president of the Hague Academy of International Law
.
as the son of jurist and politician Johan Castberg
(1862–1926) and his wife Karen Cathrine Anker (1867–1932). He was the paternal great-grandson of priest and politician Peter Hersleb Harboe Castberg
, grandson of customs surveyor and politician Johan Christian Tandberg Castberg
, nephew of violinist Torgrim Castberg
and first cousin of illustrator Johan Christian Castberg. On the maternal side Frede Castberg was the nephew of Katti Anker Møller
.
Castberg was married twice. The first marriage, to Synnøve Reimers, lasted between 1921 and 1925, and produced one daughter. In February 1927, Castberg married his cousin Ella Anker. They had two daughters, born in late 1927 and in 1933.
in France and England from 1916 to 1917, in Germany in 1919 and in Austria in 1921. From 1919 he was employed at the University of Oslo
as a research fellow
. He took the dr. juris degree in 1921, and was hired as a consultant at the Norwegian Nobel Institute
in the same year. He left his post as research fellow in 1924, having been engaged as a secretary and advisor in the dispute between Norway and Denmark over Greenland
. In 1925 he was hired permanently as a consultant in the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
.
In 1928 Castberg was appointed professor of jurisprudence at the University of Oslo
. He specialized in constitutional law
, administrative law
, philosophy of law and public international law. Among his most important publications were Norges statsforfatning (two volumes, 1933), Folkerett (1937), Rettsfilosofiske grunnspørsmål (1939), Norge under okkupasjonen; rettslige utredninger 1940–1943 (1945) and Freedom of Speech in the West (1960). Castberg also became known to the general public, through lectures in radio and television. In addition, Castberg served as rector
of the university from 1952 to 1958. During his time as rector, political science
was introduced as a separate discipline, being given its own department.
Castberg retired as a professor in 1963. From 1962 to 1976 he presided over the curatorium of the Hague Academy of International Law
, an institution seated in the Peace Palace
together with the International Court of Justice
and the Permanent Court of Arbitration
, and currently presided by Boutros Boutros-Ghali
. Among Castberg's most important publications in this period are La philosophie de droit (1970), Den europeiske konvensjon om menneskerettighetene (1971), Minner om politikk og vitenskap fra årene 1900–1970 (1971) and Rett og revolusjon i Norge (1973).
Frede Castberg died in 1977 in Oslo
.
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
jurist. The son of Johan Castberg
Johan Castberg
Johan Castberg was a Norwegian jurist and politician best known for representing the Radical People's Party . He was a government minister from 1908 to 1910 and 1913 to 1914, and also served seven terms in the Norwegian Parliament...
, he served as professor and rector at the University of Oslo
University of Oslo
The University of Oslo , formerly The Royal Frederick University , is the oldest and largest university in Norway, situated in the Norwegian capital of Oslo. The university was founded in 1811 and was modelled after the recently established University of Berlin...
as well as president of the Hague Academy of International Law
Hague Academy of International Law
The Hague Academy of International Law is a center for high-level education in both public and private international law housed in the Peace Palace in The Hague, The Netherlands...
.
Personal life
Frede Castberg was born in VardalVardal
Vardal is a former municipality in Oppland county, Norway.It was created in 1837 as Vardal formannskapsdistrikt. According to the 1835 census the municipality had a population of 2,921...
as the son of jurist and politician Johan Castberg
Johan Castberg
Johan Castberg was a Norwegian jurist and politician best known for representing the Radical People's Party . He was a government minister from 1908 to 1910 and 1913 to 1914, and also served seven terms in the Norwegian Parliament...
(1862–1926) and his wife Karen Cathrine Anker (1867–1932). He was the paternal great-grandson of priest and politician Peter Hersleb Harboe Castberg
Peter Hersleb Harboe Castberg
Peter Hersleb Harboe Castberg was a Norwegian priest and politician.-Personal life:Peter Hersleb Harboe Castberg was born in Bergen as the son of Tycho Didrich Castberg and his wife Helene Margaretha Calmeyer . He had several brothers and sisters.Johan Castberg married Anne Margrethe Zimmer Henchel...
, grandson of customs surveyor and politician Johan Christian Tandberg Castberg
Johan Christian Tandberg Castberg
Johan Christian Tandberg Castberg was a Norwegian politician. Spending his professional life as a customs surveyor, he was mayor of the cities Brevik and Skien, and served three terms in the Norwegian Parliament...
, nephew of violinist Torgrim Castberg
Torgrim Castberg
-Personal life:Torgrim Castberg was born in Skien as the son of customs surveyor and politician Johan Christian Tandberg Castberg and his wife Hanna Magdalene Frisak Ebbesen . He had several brothers and sisters, including the notable politician Johan.His paternal grandfather Peter Hersleb Harboe...
and first cousin of illustrator Johan Christian Castberg. On the maternal side Frede Castberg was the nephew of Katti Anker Møller
Katti Anker Møller
Katti Anker Møller was a Norwegian feminist, children's rights advocate, and a pioneer of reproductive rights. She is known to posterity as the "advocate of mothers."...
.
Castberg was married twice. The first marriage, to Synnøve Reimers, lasted between 1921 and 1925, and produced one daughter. In February 1927, Castberg married his cousin Ella Anker. They had two daughters, born in late 1927 and in 1933.
Career
Like his father, Frede Castberg had an academic career. He enrolled as a student of law in 1911 and graduated as cand.jur. in 1914. He held various jobs as a jurist in 1915 and 1916, before being issued grants to undertake further studies abroad. He studied public lawPublic law
Public law is a theory of law governing the relationship between individuals and the state. Under this theory, constitutional law, administrative law and criminal law are sub-divisions of public law...
in France and England from 1916 to 1917, in Germany in 1919 and in Austria in 1921. From 1919 he was employed at the University of Oslo
University of Oslo
The University of Oslo , formerly The Royal Frederick University , is the oldest and largest university in Norway, situated in the Norwegian capital of Oslo. The university was founded in 1811 and was modelled after the recently established University of Berlin...
as a research fellow
Research fellow
The title of research fellow is used to denote a research position at a university or similar institution, usually for academic staff or faculty members. A research fellow may act either as an independent investigator or under the supervision of a principal investigator...
. He took the dr. juris degree in 1921, and was hired as a consultant at the Norwegian Nobel Institute
Norwegian Nobel Institute
The Norwegian Nobel Institute was established in 1904 in Kristiania , Norway.The principal duty of the Nobel Institute is to assist the Norwegian Nobel Committee in the task of selecting the recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize and to organize the annual Nobel event in Oslo.The institute is situated...
in the same year. He left his post as research fellow in 1924, having been engaged as a secretary and advisor in the dispute between Norway and Denmark over Greenland
Greenland
Greenland is an autonomous country within the Kingdom of Denmark, located between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Though physiographically a part of the continent of North America, Greenland has been politically and culturally associated with Europe for...
. In 1925 he was hired permanently as a consultant in the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the foreign ministry of the Kingdom of Norway...
.
In 1928 Castberg was appointed professor of jurisprudence at the University of Oslo
University of Oslo
The University of Oslo , formerly The Royal Frederick University , is the oldest and largest university in Norway, situated in the Norwegian capital of Oslo. The university was founded in 1811 and was modelled after the recently established University of Berlin...
. He specialized in constitutional law
Constitutional law
Constitutional law is the body of law which defines the relationship of different entities within a state, namely, the executive, the legislature and the judiciary....
, administrative law
Administrative law
Administrative law is the body of law that governs the activities of administrative agencies of government. Government agency action can include rulemaking, adjudication, or the enforcement of a specific regulatory agenda. Administrative law is considered a branch of public law...
, philosophy of law and public international law. Among his most important publications were Norges statsforfatning (two volumes, 1933), Folkerett (1937), Rettsfilosofiske grunnspørsmål (1939), Norge under okkupasjonen; rettslige utredninger 1940–1943 (1945) and Freedom of Speech in the West (1960). Castberg also became known to the general public, through lectures in radio and television. In addition, Castberg served as rector
Rector
The word rector has a number of different meanings; it is widely used to refer to an academic, religious or political administrator...
of the university from 1952 to 1958. During his time as rector, political science
Political science
Political Science is a social science discipline concerned with the study of the state, government and politics. Aristotle defined it as the study of the state. It deals extensively with the theory and practice of politics, and the analysis of political systems and political behavior...
was introduced as a separate discipline, being given its own department.
Castberg retired as a professor in 1963. From 1962 to 1976 he presided over the curatorium of the Hague Academy of International Law
Hague Academy of International Law
The Hague Academy of International Law is a center for high-level education in both public and private international law housed in the Peace Palace in The Hague, The Netherlands...
, an institution seated in the Peace Palace
Peace Palace
The Peace Palace is a building situated in The Hague, Netherlands. It is often called the seat of international law because it houses the International Court of Justice , the Permanent Court of Arbitration, the Hague Academy of International Law, and the extensive Peace Palace Library.In addition...
together with the International Court of Justice
International Court of Justice
The International Court of Justice is the primary judicial organ of the United Nations. It is based in the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands...
and the Permanent Court of Arbitration
Permanent Court of Arbitration
The Permanent Court of Arbitration , is an international organization based in The Hague in the Netherlands.-History:The court was established in 1899 as one of the acts of the first Hague Peace Conference, which makes it the oldest institution for international dispute resolution.The creation of...
, and currently presided by Boutros Boutros-Ghali
Boutros Boutros-Ghali
Boutros Boutros-Ghali is an Egyptian politician and diplomat who was the sixth Secretary-General of the United Nations from January 1992 to December 1996...
. Among Castberg's most important publications in this period are La philosophie de droit (1970), Den europeiske konvensjon om menneskerettighetene (1971), Minner om politikk og vitenskap fra årene 1900–1970 (1971) and Rett og revolusjon i Norge (1973).
Frede Castberg died in 1977 in Oslo
Oslo
Oslo is a municipality, as well as the capital and most populous city in Norway. As a municipality , it was established on 1 January 1838. Founded around 1048 by King Harald III of Norway, the city was largely destroyed by fire in 1624. The city was moved under the reign of Denmark–Norway's King...
.