Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg
Encyclopedia
Frederick of Saxe-Lauenburg (1554–1586), was a cathedral canon at Strasbourg Minster
, chorbishop
at Cologne Cathedral
and cathedral provost (Dompropst), a function including the presidency of the chapter
, at Bremen Cathedral
.
, daughter of the influential Duke Henry IV the Pious of Saxony
and his wife, Katharina of Mecklenburg
. Of his six brothers, he and Henry
(1550–1585) followed the ecclesiastical career. Frederick was raised Lutheran, but educated Catholic. Together with Henry he studied at the University of Cologne
under law professor Dr. Conrad Betzdorf, who housed him and his brother and was their mentor
.
Henry was Prince-Archbishop of Bremen (as Henry III, 1567–1585), Prince-Bishop of Osnabrück
(as Henry II, 1574–1585) and of Paderborn (as Henry IV, 1577–1585). As Prince-Bishop of Paderborn, Henry succeeded Salentin von Isenberg in 1577. He was the first archbishop to convert to Lutheranism
and keep his honors. In 1575, he married Anna von Broich in Hagen im Bremischen
, the daughter of a city councillor of Cologne, and died in 1585 in an equestrian accident in Vörde
.
Frederick succeeded Bremen's cathedral provost Ludwig von Varendorf in 1570, while his brother Henry officiated as Administrator of Bremen, Frederick was followed by Provost Theodor von Galen
. During the Cologne War
(1583–1589), he raised an army to fight for the Catholic faction of the cathedral chapter
. He was instrumental in securing the town of Kaiserswerth in 1583 for Ernest of Bavaria
, the rivalling archbishop-elector of Cologne.
In 1586, at Hülchrath
, he was part of the Ferdinand's
force; in the attack on the castle, the Bavarian force was repulsed, but he himself mortally wounded. He died in Cologne
shortly after the battle.
Strasbourg Cathedral
Strasbourg Cathedral or the Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Strasbourg, France. Although considerable parts of it are still in Romanesque architecture, it is widely consideredSusan Bernstein: , The Johns Hopkins University Press to be among the finest...
, chorbishop
Chorbishop
A chorbishop is a rank of Christian clergy below bishop. The name chorepiscope or chorepiscopus is taken from the Greek and means rural bishop.-History:Chorepiscopi are first mentioned by Eusebius in the second century...
at Cologne Cathedral
Cologne Cathedral
Cologne Cathedral is a Roman Catholic church in Cologne, Germany. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Cologne and the administration of the Archdiocese of Cologne. It is renowned monument of German Catholicism and Gothic architecture and is a World Heritage Site...
and cathedral provost (Dompropst), a function including the presidency of the chapter
Cathedral chapter
In accordance with canon law, a cathedral chapter is a college of clerics formed to advise a bishop and, in the case of a vacancy of the episcopal see in some countries, to govern the diocese in his stead. These councils are made up of canons and dignitaries; in the Roman Catholic church their...
, at Bremen Cathedral
Bremen Cathedral
Bremen Cathedral , dedicated to St. Peter, is a church situated in the market square in the center of Bremen, in northern Germany. The cathedral belongs to the Bremian Evangelical Church, a member of the Protestant umbrella organisation named Evangelical Church in Germany...
.
Life
He was the youngest child of Francis, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (Franz I. von Sachsen-Lauenburg) and his wife, Sibylle of SaxonySibylle of Saxony
Sibylle of Saxony was a Saxon princess of the Albertine line of House of Wettin and by marriage Duchess of Saxe-Lauenburg.- Life :...
, daughter of the influential Duke Henry IV the Pious of Saxony
Henry IV, Duke of Saxony
Henry IV the Pious, Duke of Saxony was a Duke of Saxony from the House of Wettin.-Biography:Heinrich was the second son of Albert, Duke of Saxony and his wife Sidonie Podiebrad, princess of Bohemia...
and his wife, Katharina of Mecklenburg
Catherine of Mecklenburg
Catherine of Mecklenburg , Duchess of Saxony, was the daughter of the Duke Magnus II of Mecklenburg and Sophie of Pomerania-Stettin. She married on 6 July 1512 in Freiberg Duke Henry the Pious of Saxony...
. Of his six brothers, he and Henry
Henry of Saxe-Lauenburg
Henry of Saxe-Lauenburg was a Prince-Archbishop of Bremen , then Prince-Bishop of Osnabrück , then Prince-Bishop of Paderborn . The Roman Catholic Church never confirmed the Lutheran Henry as bishop....
(1550–1585) followed the ecclesiastical career. Frederick was raised Lutheran, but educated Catholic. Together with Henry he studied at the University of Cologne
University of Cologne
The University of Cologne is one of the oldest universities in Europe and, with over 44,000 students, one of the largest universities in Germany. The university is part of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, an association of Germany's leading research universities...
under law professor Dr. Conrad Betzdorf, who housed him and his brother and was their mentor
Mentor
In Greek mythology, Mentor was the son of Alcimus or Anchialus. In his old age Mentor was a friend of Odysseus who placed Mentor and Odysseus' foster-brother Eumaeus in charge of his son Telemachus, and of Odysseus' palace, when Odysseus left for the Trojan War.When Athena visited Telemachus she...
.
Henry was Prince-Archbishop of Bremen (as Henry III, 1567–1585), Prince-Bishop of Osnabrück
Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück
The Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück was a prince-bishopric centred on the Roman Catholic Diocese of Osnabrück. The diocese was erected in 772 and is the oldest see founded by Charlemagne, in order to Christianize the conquered stem-duchy of Saxony....
(as Henry II, 1574–1585) and of Paderborn (as Henry IV, 1577–1585). As Prince-Bishop of Paderborn, Henry succeeded Salentin von Isenberg in 1577. He was the first archbishop to convert to Lutheranism
Lutheranism
Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the theology of Martin Luther, a German reformer. Luther's efforts to reform the theology and practice of the church launched the Protestant Reformation...
and keep his honors. In 1575, he married Anna von Broich in Hagen im Bremischen
Hagen im Bremischen
Hagen im Bremischen is a municipality in the district of Cuxhaven, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approx. 20 km south of Bremerhaven, and 35 km northwest of Bremen...
, the daughter of a city councillor of Cologne, and died in 1585 in an equestrian accident in Vörde
Bremervörde
Bremervörde is a town in the north of the district Rotenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated at the Oste river near the mid of the triangle, which is formed of the rivers Weser and Elbe respectively the cities of Hamburg, Bremen and Cuxhaven....
.
Frederick succeeded Bremen's cathedral provost Ludwig von Varendorf in 1570, while his brother Henry officiated as Administrator of Bremen, Frederick was followed by Provost Theodor von Galen
Von Galen
The Von Galen family is an old, noble, Westphalian family, historically Roman Catholic, from the County of Mark.The earliest von Galens appeared in the twelfth century. Some branches of the family spread to East Prussia through the crusades and military expeditions of the Teutonic Order during the...
. During the Cologne War
Cologne War
The Cologne War devastated the Electorate of Cologne, a historical ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire, present-day North-Rhine-Westphalia, in Germany...
(1583–1589), he raised an army to fight for the Catholic faction of the cathedral chapter
Cathedral chapter
In accordance with canon law, a cathedral chapter is a college of clerics formed to advise a bishop and, in the case of a vacancy of the episcopal see in some countries, to govern the diocese in his stead. These councils are made up of canons and dignitaries; in the Roman Catholic church their...
. He was instrumental in securing the town of Kaiserswerth in 1583 for Ernest of Bavaria
Ernest of Bavaria
Ernest of Bavaria was Prince-elector-archbishop of the Archbishopric of Cologne from 1583 to 1612 as successor of the expelled Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg. He was also bishop of Münster, Hildesheim, Freising and Liège....
, the rivalling archbishop-elector of Cologne.
In 1586, at Hülchrath
Hülchrath
Hülchrath is a district of the municipality of Grevenbroich in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is known for its castle Schloss Hülchrath.-Position:...
, he was part of the Ferdinand's
Ferdinand of Bavaria (soldier)
-Youth:In 1565, the 15 year old Ferdinand made a widely publicized journey to Florence, to attend the wedding of his maternal aunt, Johanna of Austria, to Francesco I de' Medici, and to visit with other maternal aunts in the city. Johanna's marriage to the Medici was a politically expedient one:...
force; in the attack on the castle, the Bavarian force was repulsed, but he himself mortally wounded. He died in Cologne
Cologne
Cologne is Germany's fourth-largest city , and is the largest city both in the Germany Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia and within the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Area, one of the major European metropolitan areas with more than ten million inhabitants.Cologne is located on both sides of the...
shortly after the battle.