Frederick Penny, 1st Viscount Marchwood
Encyclopedia
Frederick George Penny, 1st Viscount Marchwood KCVO
, JP
(10 March 1876 – 1 January 1955) was a British Conservative Party
politician.
The second son of Frederick James Penny of Bitterne
in Hampshire
, Penny was educated at King Edward VI Grammar School, Southampton
.
He was a senior partner Fraser & Co., Government brokers, Singapore
, and formerly Managing Director of Eastern Smelting Co. Ltd, Penang
. He represented the Federated Malay States
Government in negotiations with Netherlands Indies Government at Bandoeng, Java, regarding liquidation of war (1914–1918) tin stocks.
He was Member of Parliament
(MP) for Kingston-upon-Thames
from 1922 until 1937. He served as Parliamentary private secretary
to the Financial Secretary to the War Office
in 1923, and as a Conservative Whip
from 1926–1937, including as a Lord Commissioner of the Treasury
from 1928–1929 and in 1931, as Vice-Chamberlain of the Household
from 1931–1932, as Comptroller of the Household
from 1932–1935, and as Treasurer of the Household
from 1935–1937.
He was Honorary Treasurer of the Conservative Party
from 1938–1946.
He was appointed a Freeman of the City of London
, and an Officer (1st Class) of the Most Honourable Order of the Crown of Johor
. He was Master of Honourable Company of Master Mariners
from 1941–1945.
He was knighted in 1929, created a baronet
in 1933 and raised to the peerage as 1st Baron Marchwood, of Penang and of Marchwood, Southampton, in 1937. He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order
in the same year. He was promoted to the viscountcy
as 1st Viscount Marchwood
in the 1945 Prime Minister's Resignation Honours
.
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Royal Victorian Order
The Royal Victorian Order is a dynastic order of knighthood and a house order of chivalry recognising distinguished personal service to the order's Sovereign, the reigning monarch of the Commonwealth realms, any members of her family, or any of her viceroys...
, JP
Justice of the Peace
A justice of the peace is a puisne judicial officer elected or appointed by means of a commission to keep the peace. Depending on the jurisdiction, they might dispense summary justice or merely deal with local administrative applications in common law jurisdictions...
(10 March 1876 – 1 January 1955) was a British Conservative Party
Conservative Party (UK)
The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...
politician.
The second son of Frederick James Penny of Bitterne
Bitterne
Bitterne is an eastern suburb and Electoral Ward of Southampton, England.Bitterne derives its name not from the similarly named bird, the Bittern but from the bend in the River Itchen; the Old English words byht and ærn together mean "house near a bend", most likely a reference to Bitterne Manor...
in Hampshire
Hampshire
Hampshire is a county on the southern coast of England in the United Kingdom. The county town of Hampshire is Winchester, a historic cathedral city that was once the capital of England. Hampshire is notable for housing the original birthplaces of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force...
, Penny was educated at King Edward VI Grammar School, Southampton
Southampton
Southampton is the largest city in the county of Hampshire on the south coast of England, and is situated south-west of London and north-west of Portsmouth. Southampton is a major port and the closest city to the New Forest...
.
He was a senior partner Fraser & Co., Government brokers, Singapore
Singapore
Singapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the...
, and formerly Managing Director of Eastern Smelting Co. Ltd, Penang
Penang
Penang is a state in Malaysia and the name of its constituent island, located on the northwest coast of Peninsular Malaysia by the Strait of Malacca. It is bordered by Kedah in the north and east, and Perak in the south. Penang is the second smallest Malaysian state in area after Perlis, and the...
. He represented the Federated Malay States
Federated Malay States
The Federated Malay States was a federation of four protected states in the Malay Peninsula—Selangor, Perak, Negeri Sembilan and Pahang—established by the British government in 1895, which lasted until 1946, when they, together with the Straits Settlements and the Unfederated Malay...
Government in negotiations with Netherlands Indies Government at Bandoeng, Java, regarding liquidation of war (1914–1918) tin stocks.
He was Member of Parliament
Member of Parliament
A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
(MP) for Kingston-upon-Thames
Kingston-upon-Thames (UK Parliament constituency)
Kingston-upon-Thames was a parliamentary constituency in the South-West London suburb of Kingston upon Thames which returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.-History:...
from 1922 until 1937. He served as Parliamentary private secretary
Parliamentary Private Secretary
A Parliamentary Private Secretary is a role given to a United Kingdom Member of Parliament by a senior minister in government or shadow minister to act as their contact for the House of Commons; this role is junior to that of Parliamentary Under-Secretary, which is a ministerial post, salaried by...
to the Financial Secretary to the War Office
Financial Secretary to the War Office
Financial Secretary to the War Office was an office of the British government, the financial secretary of the War Office department.The post was combined with that of Under-Secretary of State for War from 17 April 1947....
in 1923, and as a Conservative Whip
Whip (politics)
A whip is an official in a political party whose primary purpose is to ensure party discipline in a legislature. Whips are a party's "enforcers", who typically offer inducements and threaten punishments for party members to ensure that they vote according to the official party policy...
from 1926–1937, including as a Lord Commissioner of the Treasury
Lord of the Treasury
In the United Kingdom, there are at least six Lords of the Treasury who serve concurrently. Traditionally, this board consists of the First Lord of the Treasury, the Second Lord of the Treasury, and four or more junior lords .Strictly they are commissioners for exercising the office of Lord...
from 1928–1929 and in 1931, as Vice-Chamberlain of the Household
Vice-Chamberlain of the Household
The Vice-Chamberlain of the Household is usually a junior government whip in the British House of Commons and is an officer of the Royal Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom. He or she is the Deputy to the Lord Chamberlain of the Household. The Vice-Chamberlain's main role is to compile...
from 1931–1932, as Comptroller of the Household
Comptroller of the Household
The Comptroller of the Household is an ancient position in the English royal household, currently the second-ranking member of the Lord Steward's department, and often a cabinet member. He was an ex officio member of the Board of Green Cloth, until that body was abolished in the reform of the local...
from 1932–1935, and as Treasurer of the Household
Treasurer of the Household
The position of Treasurer of the Household is theoretically held by a household official of the British monarch, under control of the Lord Steward's Department, but is, in fact, a political office held by one of the government's Deputy Chief Whips in the House of Commons...
from 1935–1937.
He was Honorary Treasurer of the Conservative Party
Conservative Party (UK)
The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...
from 1938–1946.
He was appointed a Freeman of the City of London
City of London
The City of London is a small area within Greater London, England. It is the historic core of London around which the modern conurbation grew and has held city status since time immemorial. The City’s boundaries have remained almost unchanged since the Middle Ages, and it is now only a tiny part of...
, and an Officer (1st Class) of the Most Honourable Order of the Crown of Johor
Order of the Crown of Johor
The Most Illustrious Order of the Crown of Johor, or Seri Paduka Mahkota Johor, is a chivalrous medal awarded by the Sultan of Johor. It was first instituted July 31, 1886.It is awarded in three classes:...
. He was Master of Honourable Company of Master Mariners
Honourable Company of Master Mariners
The Honourable Company of Master Mariners is one of the Livery Companies of the City of London. The Company was formed in 1926; it was made a Livery Company by the City of London in 1932, making it the first new Livery Company to be formed in over a century...
from 1941–1945.
He was knighted in 1929, created a baronet
Baronet
A baronet or the rare female equivalent, a baronetess , is the holder of a hereditary baronetcy awarded by the British Crown...
in 1933 and raised to the peerage as 1st Baron Marchwood, of Penang and of Marchwood, Southampton, in 1937. He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order
Royal Victorian Order
The Royal Victorian Order is a dynastic order of knighthood and a house order of chivalry recognising distinguished personal service to the order's Sovereign, the reigning monarch of the Commonwealth realms, any members of her family, or any of her viceroys...
in the same year. He was promoted to the viscountcy
Viscountcy
Viscountcy may refer to:* The office or title of a Viscount* Viscountcy of Béarn...
as 1st Viscount Marchwood
Viscount Marchwood
Viscount Marchwood, of Penang and of Marchwood in the County of Southampton, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1945 for the businessman and Conservative politician Frederick Penny, 1st Baron Marchwood...
in the 1945 Prime Minister's Resignation Honours
1945 Prime Minister's Resignation Honours
The 1945 Prime Minister's Resignation Honours were announced on 14 August 1945 to mark the resignation of Prime Minister Winston Churchill, following the success of the Labour Party in the 1945 General Election....
.
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