French ship Jean Bart
Encyclopedia
Jean Bart may refer to one of the following ships of the French Navy
or privateers named in honour of Jean Bart
(21 October 1651 – 27 April 1702), a French
naval commander
and privateer
.
(1791–1809): a 20-gun corvette, lead ship of her class, she sailed the Channel, the North Sea and the Atlantic as far as New York before and captured her in the Channel in 1795; taken into the Royal Navy
as , but wrecked 1796 on the Penmarks.: a British lugger of eight guns and 50 tons (bm
) that the French captured in August 1793; briefly renamed Joyeaux (1795-6), she was decommissioned in 1800 at Cherbourg.: Launched at Bayonne in 1786 as a privateer, she was requisitioned in January 1794 at Nantes. On 15 April 1795, the squadron under Sir John Borlase Warren
gave chase to Jean Bart, described in the report of the capture as being a ship-corvette of 26 guns and 187 men. The actual captor was . The Royal Navy took Jean Bart into service as , but she was sold at Jamaica in 1797.: possibly requisitioned in 1803, she was armed in November and was decommissioned on 31 March 1807.
French Navy
The French Navy, officially the Marine nationale and often called La Royale is the maritime arm of the French military. It includes a full range of fighting vessels, from patrol boats to a nuclear powered aircraft carrier and 10 nuclear-powered submarines, four of which are capable of launching...
or privateers named in honour of Jean Bart
Jean Bart
Jean Bart was a Flemish sailor who primarily served the French crown as naval commander and privateer.-Early life:...
(21 October 1651 – 27 April 1702), a French
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
naval commander
Admiral
Admiral is the rank, or part of the name of the ranks, of the highest naval officers. It is usually considered a full admiral and above vice admiral and below admiral of the fleet . It is usually abbreviated to "Adm" or "ADM"...
and privateer
Privateer
A privateer is a private person or ship authorized by a government by letters of marque to attack foreign shipping during wartime. Privateering was a way of mobilizing armed ships and sailors without having to spend public money or commit naval officers...
.
Naval vessels
: a 74-gun ship of the lineShip of the line
A ship of the line was a type of naval warship constructed from the 17th through the mid-19th century to take part in the naval tactic known as the line of battle, in which two columns of opposing warships would manoeuvre to bring the greatest weight of broadside guns to bear...
(1791–1809): a 20-gun corvette, lead ship of her class, she sailed the Channel, the North Sea and the Atlantic as far as New York before and captured her in the Channel in 1795; taken into the Royal Navy
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
as , but wrecked 1796 on the Penmarks.: a British lugger of eight guns and 50 tons (bm
Builder's Old Measurement
Builder's Old Measurement is the method of calculating the size or cargo capacity of a ship used in England from approximately 1720 to 1849. It estimated the tonnage of a ship based on length and maximum beam...
) that the French captured in August 1793; briefly renamed Joyeaux (1795-6), she was decommissioned in 1800 at Cherbourg.: Launched at Bayonne in 1786 as a privateer, she was requisitioned in January 1794 at Nantes. On 15 April 1795, the squadron under Sir John Borlase Warren
John Borlase Warren
Sir John Borlase Warren, 1st Baronet , was an English admiral, politician and diplomat. Born in Stapleford, Nottinghamshire, he was the son and heir of John Borlase Warren of Stapleford and Little Marlow...
gave chase to Jean Bart, described in the report of the capture as being a ship-corvette of 26 guns and 187 men. The actual captor was . The Royal Navy took Jean Bart into service as , but she was sold at Jamaica in 1797.: possibly requisitioned in 1803, she was armed in November and was decommissioned on 31 March 1807.
- troop ship n°799 (1803-1806)
- troop ship n°816 (1803-1806), a 74-gun ship of the lineShip of the lineA ship of the line was a type of naval warship constructed from the 17th through the mid-19th century to take part in the naval tactic known as the line of battle, in which two columns of opposing warships would manoeuvre to bring the greatest weight of broadside guns to bear...
(1820–1833), an 80-gun ship of the lineShip of the lineA ship of the line was a type of naval warship constructed from the 17th through the mid-19th century to take part in the naval tactic known as the line of battle, in which two columns of opposing warships would manoeuvre to bring the greatest weight of broadside guns to bear... - The ship of the line DonawerthFrench ship Donawerth (1854)The Donawerth was a 90-gun Suffren class ship of the line of the French Navy.Her keel was laid in Lorient in 1827. She stayed abandoned in an unbuilt state for several years before being completed as a steam ship...
was renamed Jean Bart in September 1868, a first class cruiserCruiserA cruiser is a type of warship. The term has been in use for several hundreds of years, and has had different meanings throughout this period...
of 4,800 tonnes, a 23,600 tonne battleshipBattleshipA battleship is a large armored warship with a main battery consisting of heavy caliber guns. Battleships were larger, better armed and armored than cruisers and destroyers. As the largest armed ships in a fleet, battleships were used to attain command of the sea and represented the apex of a...
; the first French dreadnoughtHMS Dreadnought (1906)HMS Dreadnought was a battleship of the British Royal Navy that revolutionised naval power. Her entry into service in 1906 represented such a marked advance in naval technology that her name came to be associated with an entire generation of battleships, the "dreadnoughts", as well as the class of...
, the last French battleship completed, 40,000 tonnes and armed with 380mm/45 Modèle 1935 gun380mm/45 Modèle 1935 gunThe 380mm/45 Modèle 1935 gun was a heavy naval gun of the French Navy. It was the largest calibre naval gun ever fielded in French service.The built-up guns were used on the two battleships of the Richelieu class, Richelieu and Jean Bart...
s (1988), an anti-aircraft frigateFrigateA frigate is any of several types of warship, the term having been used for ships of various sizes and roles over the last few centuries.In the 17th century, the term was used for any warship built for speed and maneuverability, the description often used being "frigate-built"...
, still in service with the French NavyFrench NavyThe French Navy, officially the Marine nationale and often called La Royale is the maritime arm of the French military. It includes a full range of fighting vessels, from patrol boats to a nuclear powered aircraft carrier and 10 nuclear-powered submarines, four of which are capable of launching...
Privateers
- French privateer Jean Bart captured on 9 March 1793 by the fireship .
- French privateer corvette Jean Bart: This vessel, described as having 22 guns, participated in an inconclusive multi-ship action on 22 October 1794 with and near Île Ronde, off Île de France.
- French privateer lugger Jean Bart, captured on 29 September 1797 by His Majesty's hired armedHired armed vesselsright|thumb|250px|Armed cutter, etching in the [[National Maritime Museum]], [[Greenwich]]During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries the Royal Navy made use of a considerable number of hired armed vessels...
cutterCutterA cutter may refer to several types of nautical vessels. When used in the context of sailing vessels, a cutter is a small single-masted boat, fore-and-aft rigged, with two or more headsails and often a bowsprit. The cutter features a mast set farther back than on a sloop...
TelemachusHired armed cutter TelemachusThe hired armed cutter Telemachus served the Royal Navy from 17 June 1795 until 15 January 1801. She was of 1285/95 tons burthen, and was armed with fourteen 4-pounder guns...
. Jean Bart was buil at Dunkirk in 1780. Before Telemachus captured her, she captured the Fly, which was sold for 185,806 livresFrench livreThe livre was the currency of France until 1795. Several different livres existed, some concurrently. The livre was the name of both units of account and coins.-Etymology:...
. - French privateer sloop Jean Bart, captured on 16 May 1798 by .
- French privateer Jean Bart of 100 tons, three guns (one a 16-pounder) and four swivel gunsSwivel gunThe term swivel gun usually refers to a small cannon, mounted on a swiveling stand or fork which allows a very wide arc of movement. Another type of firearm referred to as a swivel gun was an early flintlock combination gun with two barrels that rotated along their axes to allow the shooter to...
, and a crew of 121 men. She made her first, and most profitable cruise, in May 1809. This cruise lasted for six months. Subsequent cruises were shorter, and none was as profitble. In all, she made four cruises during which she took a number of ships and earned for her shareholders a net profit of 366,408 francs. There is no record of what happened to her after the summer of 1811. - French privateer lugger Jean Bart. On the morning of 1 September 1809, HMS NassauHDMS HolsteenHolsteenThis ship's name appears as Holsteen or Holsten in Danish records, and as Holstein in English. She was renamed Nassau in 1805 was a 60-gun ship of the line in the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy. She was commissioned in 1775 and the British Royal Navy captured her in the Battle at Copenhagen...
was escorting a convoy of East Indiamen in the English Channel when she sighted a strange sail. Nassau sent her boats in chase and after two hours they were able to capture the Jean Bart of Saint Malo. She was armed with four guns and had a crew of 25 men under the command of Louis Ollivier Pilvesse, Enseign de Vaisseau. She was five days out of the Île de BatzÎle de BatzThe Île de Batz is an island off Roscoff in Brittany, France. Administratively, it is a commune in the Finistère department of Brittany in north-western France.-Population:...
and had made no captures. - French privateer schooner Jean Bart, captured on 23 February 1812 by .
- French privateer Grand Jean Bart, of Saint Malo, captured on 29 February 1812 by . After a chase of six hours, Semiramis caught up with the privateer, which was under the command of M. Benjamin Dupont. She was of 220 tons burthen, was armed with 14 guns and had a crew of 106 men. She was on her second cruise and had out-sailed several British frigates before; this had induced an over-confidence in M. Dupont, who had permitted Semiramis to approach too near before trying to escape.