Frick Art Reference Library Photoarchive
Encyclopedia
The Frick Art Reference Library Photoarchive is a study collection of more than one million photographic reproductions of works of art from the fourth to the mid-twentieth century by over 40,000 artists trained in the Western tradition located in the Frick Art Reference Library
on the Upper East Side of Manhattan. It was founded by the daughter of Henry Clay Frick
in 1920 to facilitate object-oriented research. The documentation it offers records the essential elements of the biography of the work of art: the artist, title, present owner, as well as historical information such as changes of attribution, ownership and condition, all of which are essential for the study of the history of art.
in Europe and the United States soon followed.
In planning the Photoarchive, Helen Clay Frick
regularly consulted with Sir Robert Witt, whose personal library of reproductions in London was her single most important source of inspiration. She also turned to American and European scholars, including Fiske Kimball
and Bernard Berenson
. As early as 1922, Frick organized photographic expeditions to capture images of significant and rarely reproduced works of art in Europe and the United States. The resulting collection of roughly 60,000 original negatives, which in many cases document works of art that have subsequently been altered, lost or destroyed, has become one of the Library’s most treasured resources.
To facilitate object-oriented research, the Library actively acquires multiple photographs of the same work of art to document changes in condition and appearance over time. Photographs of preparatory drawings, versions, copies, pastiches, and forgeries—materials often overlooked in the literature—are also collected. Many of the photographs in the collection are rare images of works that have since been lost, stolen, or destroyed.
The Library continues to acquire many photographs and digital images each year, focusing on unpublished or little-known works. Staff photoarchivists work to maintain current information on changes of attribution and location, often relying on information provided by art researchers.
(NYARC).
The Frick Digital Image Archive provides access to images of 15,000 works of art captured during the Frick’s photography expeditions throughout the United States from 1922 to 1967. Additionally, digital images of nearly half of the Library’s 60,000 original negatives are published online through the ARTstor digital library.
The analog version of the Frick Photoarchive collection is available during regular Frick Art Reference Library hours. Over 420,000 of the photographs and their accompanying documentation are indexed by artist name, subject, and owner in an on site card catalog.
Frick Art Reference Library
The Frick Art Reference Library is a research institution affiliated with The Frick Collection. It is located at 10 East 71st Street in New York City...
on the Upper East Side of Manhattan. It was founded by the daughter of Henry Clay Frick
Henry Clay Frick
Henry Clay Frick was an American industrialist, financier, and art patron. He founded the H. C. Frick & Company coke manufacturing company, was chairman of the Carnegie Steel Company, and played a major role in the formation of the giant U.S. Steel steel manufacturing concern...
in 1920 to facilitate object-oriented research. The documentation it offers records the essential elements of the biography of the work of art: the artist, title, present owner, as well as historical information such as changes of attribution, ownership and condition, all of which are essential for the study of the history of art.
History
Until the 1920s, reproductions were only rarely included in art historical texts. The Frick’s Photoarchive was established to complement this growing body of literature. Although many scholars had personal image libraries, the Frick Art Reference Library was one of the first institutions to afford public access to a consolidated collection of photographs, thus enabling a broad range of researchers to study and evaluate works of art in an entirely new way. The establishment of similar Art Historical Photo ArchivesArt Historical Photo Archives
Art historical photo archives are collections of reproductions of works of art that document paintings, drawings, prints, sculpture, architecture and sometimes installation photos. They are essential resource tools for the study of art history...
in Europe and the United States soon followed.
In planning the Photoarchive, Helen Clay Frick
Helen Clay Frick
Helen Clay Frick was an American philanthropist.She was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania the third child of the coke and steel magnate Henry Clay Frick and Adelaide Howard Childs . She grew up at the family's Pittsburgh estate, Clayton, although the family later moved to New York City in 1905...
regularly consulted with Sir Robert Witt, whose personal library of reproductions in London was her single most important source of inspiration. She also turned to American and European scholars, including Fiske Kimball
Fiske Kimball
Fiske Kimball was an American architect, architectural historian and museum director.-Biography:Kimball was born in Newton, Massachusetts on December 8, 1888....
and Bernard Berenson
Bernard Berenson
Bernard Berenson was an American art historian specializing in the Renaissance. He was a major figure in pioneering art attribution and therefore establishing the market for paintings by the "Old Masters".-Personal life:...
. As early as 1922, Frick organized photographic expeditions to capture images of significant and rarely reproduced works of art in Europe and the United States. The resulting collection of roughly 60,000 original negatives, which in many cases document works of art that have subsequently been altered, lost or destroyed, has become one of the Library’s most treasured resources.
To facilitate object-oriented research, the Library actively acquires multiple photographs of the same work of art to document changes in condition and appearance over time. Photographs of preparatory drawings, versions, copies, pastiches, and forgeries—materials often overlooked in the literature—are also collected. Many of the photographs in the collection are rare images of works that have since been lost, stolen, or destroyed.
The Library continues to acquire many photographs and digital images each year, focusing on unpublished or little-known works. Staff photoarchivists work to maintain current information on changes of attribution and location, often relying on information provided by art researchers.
Access
Listings for all 40,000 artists represented in the Photoarchive and documentation of over 130,000 works of art are listed in the Frick Library’s online catalog, FRESCO. FRESCO is part of Arcade, the catalog of the New York Art Resources ConsortiumNew York Art Resources Consortium
The consists of the research libraries of three leading art museums in New York City: The Brooklyn Museum, The Frick Collection, and The Museum of Modern Art. With funding from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, NYARC was formed in 2006 to facilitate collaboration that results in enhanced resources...
(NYARC).
The Frick Digital Image Archive provides access to images of 15,000 works of art captured during the Frick’s photography expeditions throughout the United States from 1922 to 1967. Additionally, digital images of nearly half of the Library’s 60,000 original negatives are published online through the ARTstor digital library.
The analog version of the Frick Photoarchive collection is available during regular Frick Art Reference Library hours. Over 420,000 of the photographs and their accompanying documentation are indexed by artist name, subject, and owner in an on site card catalog.