Friedrich Krafft was a German

Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

 chemist

Chemistry

Chemistry is the science of matter, especially its chemical reactions, but also its composition, structure and properties. Chemistry is concerned with atoms and their interactions with other atoms, and particularly with the properties of chemical bonds....

. He studied with Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz

Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz

Friedrich August Kekule von Stradonitz was a German organic chemist. From the 1850s until his death, Kekule was one of the most prominent chemists in Europe, especially in theoretical chemistry...

, Rudolf Clausius

Rudolf Clausius

Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius , was a German physicist and mathematician and is considered one of the central founders of the science of thermodynamics. By his restatement of Sadi Carnot's principle known as the Carnot cycle, he put the theory of heat on a truer and sounder basis...

 and Gerhard vom Rath

Gerhard vom Rath

Gerhard vom Rath , was a German mineralogist, born at Duisburg in Prussia.He was educated at Cologne, at Bonn University, and finally at Berlin, where he graduated Ph.D. in 1853. In 1856 he became assistant to Johann Jakob Nöggerath in the mineralogical museum at Bonn, and succeeded to the...

.

In colloid

Colloid

A colloid is a substance microscopically dispersed evenly throughout another substance.A colloidal system consists of two separate phases: a dispersed phase and a continuous phase . A colloidal system may be solid, liquid, or gaseous.Many familiar substances are colloids, as shown in the chart below...

al chemistry, the Krafft temperature

Krafft temperature

The Krafft temperature is the minimum temperature at which surfactants form micelles. Below the Krafft temperature, there is no value for the critical micelle concentration , i.e., micelles cannot form...

 is named after him. In organic chemistry

Organic chemistry

Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline within chemistry involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation of carbon-based compounds, hydrocarbons, and their derivatives...

, the Krafft degradation reaction is named after him. This reaction is a conversion of a carboxylic acid

Carboxylic acid

Carboxylic acids are organic acids characterized by the presence of at least one carboxyl group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is R-COOH, where R is some monovalent functional group...

, typically of high molecular weight, into the next lower homolog. He also established the boiling point

Boiling point

The boiling point of an element or a substance is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the environmental pressure surrounding the liquid....

 of noble metals and synthesised aromatic compounds containing selenium

Selenium

Selenium is a chemical element with atomic number 34, chemical symbol Se, and an atomic mass of 78.96. It is a nonmetal, whose properties are intermediate between those of adjacent chalcogen elements sulfur and tellurium...

 and tellurium.

Selected publications

• "Kurzes Lehrbuch der Chemie" (Short Handbook of Chemistry), Leipzig und Wien, Franz Denticke:
  • Volume 1/Bd. 1: "Anorgan. Chemie" (Inorganic Chemistry); 1891,
  • Volume 2 Bd. 2: "Organische Chemie" (Organic Chemistry); 1893.
• F. Krafft, A. Stern, Hermann Wiglow: "Über das Verhalten der fettsauren Alkalien und Seifen in Gegenwart von Wasser Teil I und II" (On the behavior of the fatty acid alkalis and soaps in the presence of water, part I and II). In: Ber.Dt. chem. Ges. 27 (1894), Vol./Bd.4, pp. 1747–1761. Part III: "Die Seife als Krystalloide" (The soap as crystalloids), 28 (1895), Vol./Bd.3, pp. 2566–2573. Part IV: "Die Seife als Colloide" (The soaps as colloids), 28 (1895), Vol./Bd.3, pp. 2573–2582.
• F. Krafft, Anton Strutz: "Über das Verhalten seifenähnlicher Substanzen gegen Wasser" (On the behavior of soap-like substances in water). In: Ber. Dt. chem. Ges. 29 (1896), Vol./Bd.2, pp. 1328–1334.
• F. Krafft: "Über eine Theorie der colloidalen Lösungen" (On the theory of colloidal solutions). In: Ber. Dt. chem Ges. 29 (1896), Vol./Bd.2, pp. 1334–1344.
• F. Krafft, R. Funcke: "Über die Einwirkung des Wassers auf Heptylaminseifen“ (On the action of water on heptylamino-soaps). Ber. Dt. chem. Ges. 33 (1900), Vol./Bd.3, pp. 3210–3212.