Friedrich Salomon Krauss
Encyclopedia
Friedrich Salomon Krauss (October 7, 1859, Požega
, in Kingdom of Hungary
, – May 29, 1938, Vienna
) was an Austria
n Jewish sexologist
, ethnographer
, folklorist
, and Slavist
.
In 1877–78 Krauss attended the University of Vienna
. One of his first publications was a translation of Artemidoros' of Daldis "Interpretation of Dreams" was cited in Sigmund Freud
's "Interpretation of Dreams
." He began his career as a folklorist and ethnologist. In 1884–85, he received funding from the Crown Prince Rudolf to gather folklore and ballads of the Guslar singers in Bosnia, Croatia and Herzogovenia. As a result of this field research, he published a two-volume collection of fairytales, "Sagen und Märchen der Südslaven". Perhaps his most famous work was the "Anthropophytia" (1904-1913), a scholarly yearbook which published folklore of erotic and sexual content. In alliance with the growing psychoanalytic movement, Krauss and his colleagues felt that sexual folklore, which was generally purged from all published collections by scholars, could provide valuable information about a culture and society. His research in the field of sexuality
led to some conflict and in 1913 he was brought to trial in Berlin as a pornographer, but he was a correspondent of Sigmund Freud and used the term paraphilia
to describe certain deviant sexual practices. He lived and worked as a writer, private scholar, and translator in Vienna.
Požega, Croatia
Požega is a city in western Slavonia, eastern Croatia, with a total population of 26,403 . It is the administrative center of the Požega-Slavonia County.-Geography:...
, in Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
, – May 29, 1938, Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
) was an Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
n Jewish sexologist
Sexology
Sexology is the scientific study of human sexuality, including human sexual interests, behavior, and function. The term does not generally refer to the non-scientific study of sex, such as political analysis or social criticism....
, ethnographer
Ethnography
Ethnography is a qualitative method aimed to learn and understand cultural phenomena which reflect the knowledge and system of meanings guiding the life of a cultural group...
, folklorist
Folkloristics
Folkloristics is the formal academic study of folklore. The term derives from a nineteenth century German designation of folkloristik to distinguish between folklore as the content and folkloristics as its study, much as language is distinguished from linguistics...
, and Slavist
Slavistics
Slavic studies or Slavistics is the academic field of area studies concerned with Slavic areas, Slavic languages, literature, history, and culture. Originally, a Slavist or Slavicist was primarily a linguist or philologist who researches Slavistics, a Slavic or Slavonic scholar...
.
In 1877–78 Krauss attended the University of Vienna
University of Vienna
The University of Vienna is a public university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is the oldest university in the German-speaking world...
. One of his first publications was a translation of Artemidoros' of Daldis "Interpretation of Dreams" was cited in Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud , born Sigismund Schlomo Freud , was an Austrian neurologist who founded the discipline of psychoanalysis...
's "Interpretation of Dreams
Interpretation of dreams
Interpretation of dreams may refer to:* Dream interpretation is the process of assigning meaning to dreams* Oneiromancy, a form of divination based upon dreams* The Interpretation of Dreams, Sigmund Freud's 1899 book about psychoanalysis and dreams...
." He began his career as a folklorist and ethnologist. In 1884–85, he received funding from the Crown Prince Rudolf to gather folklore and ballads of the Guslar singers in Bosnia, Croatia and Herzogovenia. As a result of this field research, he published a two-volume collection of fairytales, "Sagen und Märchen der Südslaven". Perhaps his most famous work was the "Anthropophytia" (1904-1913), a scholarly yearbook which published folklore of erotic and sexual content. In alliance with the growing psychoanalytic movement, Krauss and his colleagues felt that sexual folklore, which was generally purged from all published collections by scholars, could provide valuable information about a culture and society. His research in the field of sexuality
Human sexuality
Human sexuality is the awareness of gender differences, and the capacity to have erotic experiences and responses. Human sexuality can also be described as the way someone is sexually attracted to another person whether it is to opposite sexes , to the same sex , to either sexes , or not being...
led to some conflict and in 1913 he was brought to trial in Berlin as a pornographer, but he was a correspondent of Sigmund Freud and used the term paraphilia
Paraphilia
Paraphilia is a biomedical term used to describe sexual arousal to objects, situations, or individuals that are not part of normative stimulation and that may cause distress or serious problems for the paraphiliac or persons associated with him or her...
to describe certain deviant sexual practices. He lived and worked as a writer, private scholar, and translator in Vienna.