Frère Roger
Encyclopedia
Frère Roger (Provence, Switzerland
, May 12, 1915 - Taizé
, August 16, 2005), baptised Roger Louis Schütz-Marsauche, also known as Brother Roger, was the founder and prior of the Taizé Community
, an ecumenical monastic community
.
in the Zürcher Unterland (Zürich
Lowlands) in Switzerland
, and his wife, Amélie Henriette Schütz-Marsauche, a French Protestant woman from Burgundy.
From 1937 to 1940, Roger studied Reformed theology in Strasbourg
and Lausanne
, where he was a leader in the Swiss Student Christian Movement, part of the World Student Christian Federation
.
In 1940, he rode a bicycle from Geneva
to Taizé, a small town near Mâcon
, about 390 kilometres (242.3 mi) southeast of Paris. Taizé was then in unoccupied France
, just beyond the line of demarcation to the zone occupied by German troops. For two years Brother Roger hid Jewish refugees before being forced to leave Taizé. In 1944, he returned to Taizé to found the Community, initially a small quasi-monastic community of men living together in poverty and obedience.
Since the late 1950s, many thousands of young adults from many countries have found their way to Taizé to take part in weekly meetings of prayer and reflection. In addition, Taizé brothers make visits and lead meetings, large and small, in Africa, North and South America, Asia, and in Europe, as part of a “pilgrimage of trust on earth”.
The spiritual leader always kept a low profile, rarely giving interviews and refusing to permit any "cult" to grow up around himself. Prior to his death, he was due to give up his community functions because of his advanced age and ill-health which had seen him suffer from fatigue and often use a wheelchair.
Brother Roger was awarded the UNESCO Prize for Peace Education
in 1988 and wrote many books on prayer and reflection, asking young people to be confident in God and committed to their local church community and to humanity. He also wrote books about Christian spirituality and prayer, some together with Mother Teresa
with whom he shared a cordial friendship.
All his life, Roger devoted himself to reconciling the different Christian church
es. He especially addressed Christian youth
. Part of his appeal may have been his dislike of formal preaching, while encouraging a spiritual quest as a common endeavor. During a Taizé
gathering in Paris in 1995, he spoke to more than 100,000 young people who were sitting on the floor of an exhibition hall. "We have come here to search," he said, "or to go on searching through silence and prayer, to get in touch with our inner life. Christ always said, Do not worry, give yourself." http://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/18/international/europe/18roger.html
From a Protestant background, Brother Roger undertook a step that was without precedent since the Reformation
: entering progressively into a full communion with the faith of the Catholic Church without a “conversion” that would imply a break with his origins. In 1980, during a European Meeting in Rome, he said in Saint Peter’s Basilica in the presence of Pope John Paul II
: “I have found my own identity as a Christian by reconciling within myself the faith of my origins with the mystery of the Catholic faith, without breaking fellowship with anyone.”
He took Catholic
sacrament of the Eucharist
every morning at the Catholic Mass
in Taizé, and he received the sacrament from both the current and former Pope
, seemingly in contravention of canonical prohibitions on administering the sacrament to those not in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church. According to Cardinal Walter Kasper this was accomplished as though there was a tacit understanding between Brother Roger and the Catholic Church "crossing certain confessional" and canonical barriers through what brother Roger called a gradual enrichment of his faith with the foundations of the Catholic Church including "the ministry of unity exercised by the bishop of Rome."
The funeral took place on August 23, 2005. Horst Köhler
, President of Germany
, and Nicolas Sarkozy
, Minister of the Interior of France
(and later elected President of France), were in attendance. Brother Roger's community and friends attended the liturgy
in the vast monastery church at Taizé, while thousands more followed it on a huge screen in fields outside the church. Brother Roger's simple wooden coffin, a wooden icon
lying upon it, was carried into the church by brothers.
In a highly unusual move, the funeral of this (presumably still) Protestant monk was presided over by a Catholic
cardinal
. Walter Kasper, the president of the Vatican
's Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity
, who celebrated the Mass with four priest-brothers of Taizé concelebrating. In his homily he said, "Yes, the springtime of ecumenism
has flowered on the hill of Taizé." In reference to Brother Roger's concern for social justice
, Cardinal Kasper said "Every form of injustice or neglect made him very sad". Br. Roger's successor, Br. Alois prayed for forgiveness: "With Christ on the cross we say to you, Father, forgive her, she does not know what she did."
, a German who had originally come to Taizé as a youth and became one of the brothers, as his successor. This was confirmed by the community and in January 2005, it was announced that Br. Alois would soon be taking Br. Roger's place as Prior
of Taizé, but this had not yet occurred at the time of Brother Roger's death, when Br. Alois was attending the World Youth Day
celebration in Cologne
, Germany
. Br. Alois became Prior shortly thereafter.
Editions, listed alphabetically, as found in the Library of Congress Catalog shortly after his death:
Provence, Switzerland
Provence is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.-Geography:Provence has an area, , of . Of this area, or 54.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 43.2% is forested...
, May 12, 1915 - Taizé
Taizé, Saône-et-Loire
Taizé is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne in eastern France.It lies near Mâcon.In Taizé lives the Taizé Community, a monastic, ecumenical, international community founded in 1940 by Frère Roger, which has today just over 100 brothers from many different...
, August 16, 2005), baptised Roger Louis Schütz-Marsauche, also known as Brother Roger, was the founder and prior of the Taizé Community
Taizé Community
The Taizé Community is an ecumenical monastic order in Taizé, Saône-et-Loire, Burgundy, France. It is composed of about 100 brothers who come from Protestant, Eastern Orthodox and Catholic traditions. The brothers come from about 30 countries across the world. The monastic order has a strong...
, an ecumenical monastic community
Community
The term community has two distinct meanings:*a group of interacting people, possibly living in close proximity, and often refers to a group that shares some common values, and is attributed with social cohesion within a shared geographical location, generally in social units larger than a household...
.
Background
Roger was born the ninth and youngest child of Karl Ulrich Schütz, a Protestant pastor from BachsBachs
Bachs is a municipality in the district of Dielsdorf in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland.-History:Bachs is first mentioned in 1100 as Fusebach and Fuisipach. In 1384 the village section of Altbachs was mentioned as Obern Fisibach.-Geography:Bachs has an area of . Of this area, 49% is used for...
in the Zürcher Unterland (Zürich
Zürich
Zurich is the largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich. It is located in central Switzerland at the northwestern tip of Lake Zurich...
Lowlands) in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
, and his wife, Amélie Henriette Schütz-Marsauche, a French Protestant woman from Burgundy.
From 1937 to 1940, Roger studied Reformed theology in Strasbourg
Strasbourg
Strasbourg is the capital and principal city of the Alsace region in eastern France and is the official seat of the European Parliament. Located close to the border with Germany, it is the capital of the Bas-Rhin département. The city and the region of Alsace are historically German-speaking,...
and Lausanne
Lausanne
Lausanne is a city in Romandy, the French-speaking part of Switzerland, and is the capital of the canton of Vaud. The seat of the district of Lausanne, the city is situated on the shores of Lake Geneva . It faces the French town of Évian-les-Bains, with the Jura mountains to its north-west...
, where he was a leader in the Swiss Student Christian Movement, part of the World Student Christian Federation
World Student Christian Federation
The World Student Christian Federation is a federation of autonomous national Student Christian Movements forming the youth and student arm of the global ecumenical movement...
.
In 1940, he rode a bicycle from Geneva
Geneva
Geneva In the national languages of Switzerland the city is known as Genf , Ginevra and Genevra is the second-most-populous city in Switzerland and is the most populous city of Romandie, the French-speaking part of Switzerland...
to Taizé, a small town near Mâcon
Mâcon
Mâcon is a small city in central France. It is prefecture of the Saône-et-Loire department, in the region of Bourgogne, and the capital of the Mâconnais district. Mâcon is home to over 35,000 residents, called Mâconnais.-Geography:...
, about 390 kilometres (242.3 mi) southeast of Paris. Taizé was then in unoccupied France
Vichy France
Vichy France, Vichy Regime, or Vichy Government, are common terms used to describe the government of France that collaborated with the Axis powers from July 1940 to August 1944. This government succeeded the Third Republic and preceded the Provisional Government of the French Republic...
, just beyond the line of demarcation to the zone occupied by German troops. For two years Brother Roger hid Jewish refugees before being forced to leave Taizé. In 1944, he returned to Taizé to found the Community, initially a small quasi-monastic community of men living together in poverty and obedience.
Since the late 1950s, many thousands of young adults from many countries have found their way to Taizé to take part in weekly meetings of prayer and reflection. In addition, Taizé brothers make visits and lead meetings, large and small, in Africa, North and South America, Asia, and in Europe, as part of a “pilgrimage of trust on earth”.
The spiritual leader always kept a low profile, rarely giving interviews and refusing to permit any "cult" to grow up around himself. Prior to his death, he was due to give up his community functions because of his advanced age and ill-health which had seen him suffer from fatigue and often use a wheelchair.
Brother Roger was awarded the UNESCO Prize for Peace Education
UNESCO Prize for Peace Education
The UNESCO Prize for Peace Education has been awarded annually since 1981.The prize is endowed up to 60 000 US dollars and honours extraordinary activities in the spirit of the UNESCO constitution.-Recipients of the Prize by year:...
in 1988 and wrote many books on prayer and reflection, asking young people to be confident in God and committed to their local church community and to humanity. He also wrote books about Christian spirituality and prayer, some together with Mother Teresa
Mother Teresa
Mother Teresa , born Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu , was a Roman Catholic nun of Albanian ethnicity and Indian citizenship, who founded the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta, India, in 1950...
with whom he shared a cordial friendship.
Ecumenical ideals
Christian Church
The Christian Church is the assembly or association of followers of Jesus Christ. The Greek term ἐκκλησία that in its appearances in the New Testament is usually translated as "church" basically means "assembly"...
es. He especially addressed Christian youth
Youth
Youth is the time of life between childhood and adulthood . Definitions of the specific age range that constitutes youth vary. An individual's actual maturity may not correspond to their chronological age, as immature individuals could exist at all ages.-Usage:Around the world, the terms "youth",...
. Part of his appeal may have been his dislike of formal preaching, while encouraging a spiritual quest as a common endeavor. During a Taizé
Taizé Community
The Taizé Community is an ecumenical monastic order in Taizé, Saône-et-Loire, Burgundy, France. It is composed of about 100 brothers who come from Protestant, Eastern Orthodox and Catholic traditions. The brothers come from about 30 countries across the world. The monastic order has a strong...
gathering in Paris in 1995, he spoke to more than 100,000 young people who were sitting on the floor of an exhibition hall. "We have come here to search," he said, "or to go on searching through silence and prayer, to get in touch with our inner life. Christ always said, Do not worry, give yourself." http://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/18/international/europe/18roger.html
From a Protestant background, Brother Roger undertook a step that was without precedent since the Reformation
Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation was a 16th-century split within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led...
: entering progressively into a full communion with the faith of the Catholic Church without a “conversion” that would imply a break with his origins. In 1980, during a European Meeting in Rome, he said in Saint Peter’s Basilica in the presence of Pope John Paul II
Pope John Paul II
Blessed Pope John Paul II , born Karol Józef Wojtyła , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and Sovereign of Vatican City from 16 October 1978 until his death on 2 April 2005, at of age. His was the second-longest documented pontificate, which lasted ; only Pope Pius IX ...
: “I have found my own identity as a Christian by reconciling within myself the faith of my origins with the mystery of the Catholic faith, without breaking fellowship with anyone.”
He took Catholic
Catholic
The word catholic comes from the Greek phrase , meaning "on the whole," "according to the whole" or "in general", and is a combination of the Greek words meaning "about" and meaning "whole"...
sacrament of the Eucharist
Eucharist
The Eucharist , also called Holy Communion, the Sacrament of the Altar, the Blessed Sacrament, the Lord's Supper, and other names, is a Christian sacrament or ordinance...
every morning at the Catholic Mass
Mass
Mass can be defined as a quantitive measure of the resistance an object has to change in its velocity.In physics, mass commonly refers to any of the following three properties of matter, which have been shown experimentally to be equivalent:...
in Taizé, and he received the sacrament from both the current and former Pope
Pope
The Pope is the Bishop of Rome, a position that makes him the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church . In the Catholic Church, the Pope is regarded as the successor of Saint Peter, the Apostle...
, seemingly in contravention of canonical prohibitions on administering the sacrament to those not in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church. According to Cardinal Walter Kasper this was accomplished as though there was a tacit understanding between Brother Roger and the Catholic Church "crossing certain confessional" and canonical barriers through what brother Roger called a gradual enrichment of his faith with the foundations of the Catholic Church including "the ministry of unity exercised by the bishop of Rome."
Death
Brother Roger was stabbed to death during the evening prayer service in Taizé on August 16, 2005 by Luminiţa Ruxandra Solcan. He was stabbed several times and, though one of the brothers carried him from the church, he died shortly afterwards. The assailant was immediately apprehended by members of the congregation and was placed in police custody.The funeral took place on August 23, 2005. Horst Köhler
Horst Köhler
Horst Köhler is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union. He was President of Germany from 2004 to 2010. As the candidate of the two Christian Democratic sister parties, the CDU and the CSU, and the liberal FDP, Köhler was elected to his first five-year term by the Federal Assembly on...
, President of Germany
President of Germany
The President of the Federal Republic of Germany is the country's head of state. His official title in German is Bundespräsident . Germany has a parliamentary system of government and so the position of President is largely ceremonial...
, and Nicolas Sarkozy
Nicolas Sarkozy
Nicolas Sarkozy is the 23rd and current President of the French Republic and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra. He assumed the office on 16 May 2007 after defeating the Socialist Party candidate Ségolène Royal 10 days earlier....
, Minister of the Interior of France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
(and later elected President of France), were in attendance. Brother Roger's community and friends attended the liturgy
Liturgy
Liturgy is either the customary public worship done by a specific religious group, according to its particular traditions or a more precise term that distinguishes between those religious groups who believe their ritual requires the "people" to do the "work" of responding to the priest, and those...
in the vast monastery church at Taizé, while thousands more followed it on a huge screen in fields outside the church. Brother Roger's simple wooden coffin, a wooden icon
Icon
An icon is a religious work of art, most commonly a painting, from Eastern Christianity and in certain Eastern Catholic churches...
lying upon it, was carried into the church by brothers.
In a highly unusual move, the funeral of this (presumably still) Protestant monk was presided over by a Catholic
Catholic
The word catholic comes from the Greek phrase , meaning "on the whole," "according to the whole" or "in general", and is a combination of the Greek words meaning "about" and meaning "whole"...
cardinal
Cardinal (Catholicism)
A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official, usually an ordained bishop, and ecclesiastical prince of the Catholic Church. They are collectively known as the College of Cardinals, which as a body elects a new pope. The duties of the cardinals include attending the meetings of the College and...
. Walter Kasper, the president of the Vatican
Holy See
The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Rome, in which its Bishop is commonly known as the Pope. It is the preeminent episcopal see of the Catholic Church, forming the central government of the Church. As such, diplomatically, and in other spheres the Holy See acts and...
's Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity
Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity
The Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity origins are associated with the Second Vatican Council which met intermittently from 1962–1965.Pope John XXIII wanted the Catholic Church to engage in the contemporary ecumenical movement...
, who celebrated the Mass with four priest-brothers of Taizé concelebrating. In his homily he said, "Yes, the springtime of ecumenism
Ecumenism
Ecumenism or oecumenism mainly refers to initiatives aimed at greater Christian unity or cooperation. It is used predominantly by and with reference to Christian denominations and Christian Churches separated by doctrine, history, and practice...
has flowered on the hill of Taizé." In reference to Brother Roger's concern for social justice
Social justice
Social justice generally refers to the idea of creating a society or institution that is based on the principles of equality and solidarity, that understands and values human rights, and that recognizes the dignity of every human being. The term and modern concept of "social justice" was coined by...
, Cardinal Kasper said "Every form of injustice or neglect made him very sad". Br. Roger's successor, Br. Alois prayed for forgiveness: "With Christ on the cross we say to you, Father, forgive her, she does not know what she did."
Successor
In 1998, Brother Roger had designated Brother Alois LöserBrother Alois
Brother Alois, né Alois Löser is the Prior of the Taizé Community who succeeded Brother Roger after the latter's death on August 16, 2005.- Biography :...
, a German who had originally come to Taizé as a youth and became one of the brothers, as his successor. This was confirmed by the community and in January 2005, it was announced that Br. Alois would soon be taking Br. Roger's place as Prior
Prior
Prior is an ecclesiastical title, derived from the Latin adjective for 'earlier, first', with several notable uses.-Monastic superiors:A Prior is a monastic superior, usually lower in rank than an Abbot. In the Rule of St...
of Taizé, but this had not yet occurred at the time of Brother Roger's death, when Br. Alois was attending the World Youth Day
World Youth Day
World Youth Day is a youth-oriented Catholic Church event. While the event itself celebrates the Catholic faith, the invitation to attend extends to all youth, regardless of religious convictions....
celebration in Cologne
Cologne
Cologne is Germany's fourth-largest city , and is the largest city both in the Germany Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia and within the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Area, one of the major European metropolitan areas with more than ten million inhabitants.Cologne is located on both sides of the...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. Br. Alois became Prior shortly thereafter.
Publications
- 1944, Introduction a la Vie Communautaire
- 1953, La Regle de Taize
- 1958, Vivre l’Aujourd’hui de Dieu / Living Today for God
- 1962, L'unité, espérance de vie / Unity, life's hope
- 1965, Dynamique du provisoire / The Power of the Provisional
- 1968, Violence des pacifiques / Violent for Peace
- 1971, Ta fête soit sans fin / Festival Without End, diaryDiaryA diary is a record with discrete entries arranged by date reporting on what has happened over the course of a day or other period. A personal diary may include a person's experiences, and/or thoughts or feelings, including comment on current events outside the writer's direct experience. Someone...
February 1969 - May 1970 - 1973, Lutte et contemplation / Struggle and Contemplation, diary May 1970 - April 1972
- 1976, Vivre l’inespéré / A Life We Never Dared Hope For, diary May 1972 - September 1974
- 1979, Etonnement d’un amour / The Wonder of a Love, diary September 1974 - December 1976
- 1980, Les Sources de Taizé / The Sources of Taizé
- 1982, Fleurissent tes déserts / And Your Deserts Shall Flower
- 1985, Passion d’une attente / A Heart that Trusts
- 1988, Son amour est un feu / His Love is a Fire
- 1989, Marie, Mère des Réconciliations / Mary, Mother Of Reconciliations (written together with Mother TeresaMother TeresaMother Teresa , born Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu , was a Roman Catholic nun of Albanian ethnicity and Indian citizenship, who founded the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta, India, in 1950...
) - 1992, La prière, fraîcheur d’une source / Prayer: Seeking the Heart of God (written together with Mother TeresaMother TeresaMother Teresa , born Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu , was a Roman Catholic nun of Albanian ethnicity and Indian citizenship, who founded the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta, India, in 1950...
) - 1995, En tout la paix du cœur / Peace of Heart in all Things
- 2001, Dieu ne peut qu’aimer / God is Love Alone
- 2005, Pressens-tu un bonheur ? / Do you expect happiness?
Editions, listed alphabetically, as found in the Library of Congress Catalog shortly after his death:
- Afire with love : meditations on peace and unity. ISBN 0-8245-0474-7
- Amour de tout amour : les sources de Taizé. (1990) ISBN 2-85040-107-2
- Awakened from within : meditations on the Christian life. (1987) ISBN 0-385-23536-4
- Brother Roger of Taize (Modern Spiritual Masters Series) (2006) ISBN 978-1-57075-639-2
- Dynamik des Vorläufigen. (1967) Translation of Dynamique du provisoire
- Dynamique du proviso ire. (1965)
- En tout la paix du Coeur (1995) ISBN 2-259-18389-1
- Essential Writings. (2006) ISBN 978-157-075-6399
- Étonnement d'un amour : journal. (1979- )
- Festival (1973) a translation of Ta fête soit sans fin. ISBN 0-8164-2583-3
- Fleurissent les déserts du coeur : journal, 5e volume, 1977-1979. (1982) ISBN 2-85040-006-8
- Life from within : prayers. (1990) a Translation of: Aus dem Innern leben. ISBN 0-264-67214-3 and ISBN 0-664-25162-5
- Living today for God. (1962) Originally published under the title Vivre l'Aujourd'hui de dieu.
- Lutte et contemplation; journal 1970-1972. (1973)
- No greater love : sources of Taizé. (1991) ISBN 0-8146-2029-9 and ISBN 0-264-67253-4
- Parable of community : the rule and other basic texts of Taizé. (1980) ISBN 0-8164-2301-6
- Passion d'une attente : journal, 6e volume, 1979-1981. (1985) ISBN 2-02-008948-3
- Peace of heart in all things : meditations for each day of the year. (1996) ISBN 0-941050-96-3
- The power of the provisional. (1969) Originally published as Dynamique du provisoire. ISBN 0-340-02544-1
- Le Règle de Taizé. (1966)
- Revelation, a Protestant view; the Dogmatic Constitution on divine revelation, a commentary / by Roger Schutz and Max Thurian. (1968)
- The Rule of Taizé in French and in English. (1968) Translation of Le Règle de Taizé ISBN 0-8164-2564-7
- The Rule of Taizé in French and in English. (1967) French title: Le Règle de Taizé
- Struggle and contemplation; journal, 1970-2. (1974) Translation of Lutte et contemplation. ISBN 0-8164-2106-4
- Struggle and contemplation : journal 1970-2. (1974) Translation of Lutte et contemplation. ISBN 0-281-02809-5
- Ta fête soit sans fin. (1971)
- Ta fête soit sans fin : journal 1969-1970. (1971)
- Unanimité dans le pluralisme. (1966)
- Unanimité dans le pluralisme. (1972)
- Unanimity in pluralism. (1967)
- Unity: man's tomorrow / by Roger Schutz (1962) Translation of L'unité, espérance de vie.
- Violence des pacifiques. (1968)
- Violent for peace. (1970) Translation of Violence des pacifiques. ISBN 0-664-24922-1
- Violent for peace (1970) Translation of Violence des pacifiques. ISBN 0-232-51093-8
- Vivre l'inespéré : journal 1972-1974. (1976)
- Taizé: lieu de communion. (1972)
- Mary, Mother of Reconciliations / by Mother TeresaMother TeresaMother Teresa , born Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu , was a Roman Catholic nun of Albanian ethnicity and Indian citizenship, who founded the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta, India, in 1950...
of Calcutta, Brother Roger of Taizé (1989) ISBN 0-8091-3063-7 - Meditations on the way of the cross / by Mother TeresaMother TeresaMother Teresa , born Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu , was a Roman Catholic nun of Albanian ethnicity and Indian citizenship, who founded the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta, India, in 1950...
of Calcutta and Brother Roger of Taizé (1987) Translation of: Kreuzweg ISBN 0-8298-0585-0 - Seeking the heart of God : reflections on prayer / Mother TeresaMother TeresaMother Teresa , born Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu , was a Roman Catholic nun of Albanian ethnicity and Indian citizenship, who founded the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta, India, in 1950...
and Brother Roger (1993) Translated from the French. ISBN 0-06-068238-8
Awards and honours
- 1974: Templeton PrizeTempleton PrizeThe Templeton Prize is an annual award presented by the Templeton Foundation. Established in 1972, it is awarded to a living person who, in the estimation of the judges, "has made an exceptional contribution to affirming life's spiritual dimension, whether through insight, discovery, or practical...
- 1974: Friedenspreis des Deutschen Buchhandels (Peace Prize of the German Book Trade)
- 1986: Honorary doctorate of the University of WarsawUniversity of WarsawThe University of Warsaw is the largest university in Poland and one of the most prestigious, ranked as best Polish university in 2010 and 2011...
- 1988: UNESCO Prize for Peace EducationUNESCO Prize for Peace EducationThe UNESCO Prize for Peace Education has been awarded annually since 1981.The prize is endowed up to 60 000 US dollars and honours extraordinary activities in the spirit of the UNESCO constitution.-Recipients of the Prize by year:...
- 1989: KarlspreisKarlspreis- See also :*Charlemagne*European integration*Leipzig Human Rights Award, originally called the "Alternative Charlemagne Award", formed in opposition to Clinton's recognition with the award- External links :* http://www.karlspreis.de/ *...
of the City of AachenAachenAachen has historically been a spa town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Aachen was a favoured residence of Charlemagne, and the place of coronation of the Kings of Germany. Geographically, Aachen is the westernmost town of Germany, located along its borders with Belgium and the Netherlands, ... - 1990: Honorary doctorate of the Catholic University of LeuvenCatholic University of LeuvenThe Catholic University of Leuven, or of Louvain, was the largest, oldest and most prominent university in Belgium. The university was founded in 1425 as the University of Leuven by John IV, Duke of Brabant and approved by a Papal bull by Pope Martin V.During France's occupation of Belgium in the...
- 1992: Robert SchumanRobert SchumanRobert Schuman was a noted Luxembourgish-born French statesman. Schuman was a Christian Democrat and an independent political thinker and activist...
Prizes - 1996: Notre Dame Award, Notre Dame University, Indiana, USA
- 2003: Dignitas Humana Award, Saint John’s University, Collegeville, Minnesota, USA
- 2004: Lambeth Cross http://www.archbishopofyork.org/1476