Fushun Mining Group
Encyclopedia
The Fushun Mining Group is a large state-owned coal
and oil shale
company located in Fushun
, Liaoning Province
, China
. The corporation consists of 35 companies with more than 40,000 employees. The main business includes: coal mining
, oil shale processing, machinery and others. It is said that FMG is one of the world's largest shale oil
producers.
, the South Manchuria branch (from Changchun to Lüshun) of the China Far East Railway
was transferred to Japanese control. South Manchuria Railway Company quickly expanded the system inherited from Russia to staggering proportions, one of their actions were developing coal mines at Fushun. Under the control of Japanese, Fushun became a highly industrialized area via 30 years development. In 1946, after the World War II
, the Fushun Coal Mine of the South Manchuria Railway Company was taken over by Kuomintang
and Fushun Mining Administration Bureau was established by the Kuomintang Government. In 1948, Fushun Coal Mine was controlled by the Communist Party of China
, which became a great financial resources to the People's Republic of China.
Most of coal is extracted from Laohutai Coal Mine, West Open Pit and East Open Pit. Moreover, FMG is also rich in coalbed methane
resources that total around 8.9 billion cubic meters.
. Annual oil shale processing capacity is designed to be 11 million tons of oil shale, and annual shale oil
yields to be 330,000 tons. Now FMG are constructing Alberta Taciuk processor (ATP)
to treat small size oil shale (particulate oil shale) which can't be processed in Fushun retort. The 250 tonnes per hour ATP processor, scheduled to start operation at the end of 2010, is engineered and constructed by cement and mineral equipment supplier, Polysius AG
of the ThyssenKrupp
Group and uses technology developed by UMATAC Industrial Processes, a Canadian subsidiary of Polysius AG.
Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams. The harder forms, such as anthracite coal, can be regarded as metamorphic rock because of later exposure to elevated temperature and pressure...
and oil shale
Oil shale
Oil shale, an organic-rich fine-grained sedimentary rock, contains significant amounts of kerogen from which liquid hydrocarbons called shale oil can be produced...
company located in Fushun
Fushun
Fushun is a city in Liaoning, China, about 45 km east from Shenyang, with a population about 2,138 090 inhabitants at the 2010 census and an area of 11,271 km2, including 713 km2 of the city proper. Fushun is situated on the Hun He . It was formerly called Fouchouen in French...
, Liaoning Province
Liaoning
' is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the northeast of the country. Its one-character abbreviation is "辽" , a name taken from the Liao River that flows through the province. "Níng" means "peace"...
, China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
. The corporation consists of 35 companies with more than 40,000 employees. The main business includes: coal mining
Coal mining
The goal of coal mining is to obtain coal from the ground. Coal is valued for its energy content, and since the 1880s has been widely used to generate electricity. Steel and cement industries use coal as a fuel for extraction of iron from iron ore and for cement production. In the United States,...
, oil shale processing, machinery and others. It is said that FMG is one of the world's largest shale oil
Shale oil
Shale oil, known also as kerogen oil or oil-shale oil, is an unconventional oil produced from oil shale by pyrolysis, hydrogenation, or thermal dissolution. These processes convert the organic matter within the rock into synthetic oil and gas...
producers.
History
With the Japanese victory over Imperial Russia and signing of the Treaty of PortsmouthTreaty of Portsmouth
The Treaty of Portsmouth formally ended the 1904-05 Russo-Japanese War. It was signed on September 5, 1905 after negotiations at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery, Maine in the USA.-Negotiations:...
, the South Manchuria branch (from Changchun to Lüshun) of the China Far East Railway
China Far East Railway
The Chinese Eastern Railway or was a railway in northeastern China . It connected Chita and the Russian Far East. English-speakers have sometimes referred to this line as the Manchurian Railway...
was transferred to Japanese control. South Manchuria Railway Company quickly expanded the system inherited from Russia to staggering proportions, one of their actions were developing coal mines at Fushun. Under the control of Japanese, Fushun became a highly industrialized area via 30 years development. In 1946, after the World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, the Fushun Coal Mine of the South Manchuria Railway Company was taken over by Kuomintang
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...
and Fushun Mining Administration Bureau was established by the Kuomintang Government. In 1948, Fushun Coal Mine was controlled by the Communist Party of China
Communist Party of China
The Communist Party of China , also known as the Chinese Communist Party , is the founding and ruling political party of the People's Republic of China...
, which became a great financial resources to the People's Republic of China.
Operations
The corporation consists of 35 companies with more than 40,000 employees. The main business for this company includes: coal mining, oil shale processing, machinery and other relevant mining industries. It is said that FMG is one of the world's largest shale oil producers. However, the annual output for shail oil is very limited due to the reasons of production technologies and other reasons such as the high pollution, high consumption and low efficiency for oil shale processing.The coal mining is the key business of FMG who owns three big coal mines i.e West Open Pit, Laohutai Coal Mine and East Open Pit. These three coal mines plus Shale Oil Plant provide most of profit for FMG.Coal mining
Fushun is known as "the capital of coal" for which is rich in coal reserves. FMG, as a state owned company, possesses whole of Fushun coal reserves. Due to the decline of mines, for recent years, FMG produces about 6 million tons of coal per year, mainly blending coking coal and steam coal. Now FMG managment made a new policy that shift their focus from coal mining to oil industry.Most of coal is extracted from Laohutai Coal Mine, West Open Pit and East Open Pit. Moreover, FMG is also rich in coalbed methane
Coalbed methane
Coalbed methane or Coal Bed Methane, coalbed gas or coal mine methane is a form of natural gas extracted from coal beds. In recent decades it has become an important source of energy in United States, Canada, and other countries...
resources that total around 8.9 billion cubic meters.
Oil shale industry
Commercial retorting of oil shale in FMG started in 1991 with an oil shale retorting plant was established as a part of Fushun Mining Group. Fushun Mining Group owns geological reserve for high grade oil shale about 3.5 billion tons, of which exploitable reserve is 920 million tons. Reserves are divided between East Open Pit (760 million tons) and West Open Pit (160 million tons). At the end of 2008, the company operated the largest oil shale plant in the world consisting eleven retorting units with 20 retorts in each unit, total 220 sets of Fushun-type retortFushun process
The Fushun process is an above-ground retorting technology for shale oil extraction. It is named after the main production site of Fushun, Liaoning province in northeastern China.-History:...
. Annual oil shale processing capacity is designed to be 11 million tons of oil shale, and annual shale oil
Shale oil
Shale oil, known also as kerogen oil or oil-shale oil, is an unconventional oil produced from oil shale by pyrolysis, hydrogenation, or thermal dissolution. These processes convert the organic matter within the rock into synthetic oil and gas...
yields to be 330,000 tons. Now FMG are constructing Alberta Taciuk processor (ATP)
Alberta Taciuk Process
The Alberta Taciuk process is an above-ground dry thermal retorting technology for extracting oil from oil sands, oil shale and other organics-bearing materials, including oil contaminated soils, sludges and wastes...
to treat small size oil shale (particulate oil shale) which can't be processed in Fushun retort. The 250 tonnes per hour ATP processor, scheduled to start operation at the end of 2010, is engineered and constructed by cement and mineral equipment supplier, Polysius AG
Polysius AG
Polysius AG is a German company and subsidiary company of ThyssenKrupp Technologies, that manufactures cement plants and builds cement mills, cement kilns, cement factory automation systems and ore grinding facilities...
of the ThyssenKrupp
ThyssenKrupp
ThyssenKrupp AG is a German multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Duisburg Essen, Germany. The corporation consists of 670 companies worldwide. While ThyssenKrupp is one of the world's largest steel producers, the company also provides components and systems for the automotive...
Group and uses technology developed by UMATAC Industrial Processes, a Canadian subsidiary of Polysius AG.