Fyodor Druzhinin
Encyclopedia
Fyodor Serafimovich Druzhinin, also Fedor, ' onMouseout='HidePop("28632")' href="/topics/Moscow">Moscow
– July 1, 2007) was a Russia
n (Soviet
) violist
, composer
and music teacher.
Druzhinin studied viola at the Moscow Central Music School with Nikolai Sokolov (1944–1950) and at the Moscow Conservatory
with Vadim Borisovsky
(1950–1957). In 1957, he won first place at the All-Union Competition of Musicians in Moscow. He replaced Borisovsky as violist of the Beethoven Quartet
in 1964.
From 1980, Druzhinin was the head of the viola department at the Moscow Conservatory. Among his students are many noted violists such as Yuri Bashmet
, Yuri Tkanov, Alexander Bobrovsky and Svetlana Stepchenko.
Druzhinin composed several works for viola. His Fantasia for Viola and Orchestra is best known. He worked closely with Dmitri Shostakovich
and other composers such as Mieczysław Weinberg (Moisei Samuilovich Vainberg), Alfred Schnittke
, Andrei Volkonsky
, Roman Ledenyov. Shostakovich wrote his last composition for Druzhinin, the Sonata for Viola and Piano, Op.147 (1975). Other dedications include Concerto-Poem (1963–1964) for viola and orchestra by Ledenyov, Viola Sonata (1971) and Viola Concerto (1972) by Grigory Frid
, and Weinberg's Sonata No.1 (1971) for unaccompanied viola.
Druzhinin was a 1988 recipient of the People's Artist of Russia
award. In 2001, he published his memoirs: Воспоминания. Страницы жизни и творчества (Memoirs. Pages of Life and Work). The book relates countless memories of Shostakovich, Schnittke, Igor Stravinsky
, Maria Yudina
, Anna Akhmatova
and colleagues of the Beethoven Quartet, among others.
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
– July 1, 2007) was a Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n (Soviet
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
) violist
Viola
The viola is a bowed string instrument. It is the middle voice of the violin family, between the violin and the cello.- Form :The viola is similar in material and construction to the violin. A full-size viola's body is between and longer than the body of a full-size violin , with an average...
, composer
Composer
A composer is a person who creates music, either by musical notation or oral tradition, for interpretation and performance, or through direct manipulation of sonic material through electronic media...
and music teacher.
Druzhinin studied viola at the Moscow Central Music School with Nikolai Sokolov (1944–1950) and at the Moscow Conservatory
Moscow Conservatory
The Moscow Conservatory is a higher musical education institution in Moscow, and the second oldest conservatory in Russia after St. Petersburg Conservatory. Along with the St...
with Vadim Borisovsky
Vadim Borisovsky
Vadim Vasilyevich Borisovsky was a Russian violist.Born in Moscow, Borisovsky entered Moscow Conservatory in 1917 studying the violin with Mikhail Press. A year later, on the advice of violist Vladimir Bakaleinikov, Borisovsky turned his attentions to the viola. He studied with Bakaleinikov and...
(1950–1957). In 1957, he won first place at the All-Union Competition of Musicians in Moscow. He replaced Borisovsky as violist of the Beethoven Quartet
Beethoven Quartet
The Beethoven Quartet was founded between 1922 and 1923 by graduates of the Moscow Conservatory: violinists Dmitri Tsyganov and Vasily Shirinsky, violist Vadim Borisovsky and cellist Sergei Shirinsky...
in 1964.
From 1980, Druzhinin was the head of the viola department at the Moscow Conservatory. Among his students are many noted violists such as Yuri Bashmet
Yuri Bashmet
Yuri Abramovich Bashmet is a Russian conductor and violist.Direct patrilineal descendant of Besht.-Biography:Yuri Bashmet was born on 24 January 1953 in Rostov-on-Don in the family of Abram Borisovich Bashmet and Maya Zinovyeva Bashmet . "Father's mother, Tsilya Efimovna, studied singing at the...
, Yuri Tkanov, Alexander Bobrovsky and Svetlana Stepchenko.
Druzhinin composed several works for viola. His Fantasia for Viola and Orchestra is best known. He worked closely with Dmitri Shostakovich
Dmitri Shostakovich
Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich was a Soviet Russian composer and one of the most celebrated composers of the 20th century....
and other composers such as Mieczysław Weinberg (Moisei Samuilovich Vainberg), Alfred Schnittke
Alfred Schnittke
Alfred Schnittke ; November 24, 1934 – August 3, 1998) was a Russian and Soviet composer. Schnittke's early music shows the strong influence of Dmitri Shostakovich. He developed a polystylistic technique in works such as the epic First Symphony and First Concerto Grosso...
, Andrei Volkonsky
Andrei Volkonsky
Prince Andrei Mikhaylovich Volkonsky also Andrey, André, Mikhailovich, Michailovich, Volkonski, Volkonskiy, etc. was a Russian composer of classical music, conductor and harpsichordist. He was a key figure in Early Music Revival in Russia.-Biography:...
, Roman Ledenyov. Shostakovich wrote his last composition for Druzhinin, the Sonata for Viola and Piano, Op.147 (1975). Other dedications include Concerto-Poem (1963–1964) for viola and orchestra by Ledenyov, Viola Sonata (1971) and Viola Concerto (1972) by Grigory Frid
Grigory Frid
Grigory Samuilovich Frid also Grigori Fried is a Russian composer of music written in many different genres, including chamber opera.Born in Petrograd, now St. Petersburg, Frid studied in the Moscow Conservatory with Heinrich Litinsky and Vissarion Shebalin. He was a soldier in the Second World War...
, and Weinberg's Sonata No.1 (1971) for unaccompanied viola.
Druzhinin was a 1988 recipient of the People's Artist of Russia
People's Artist of Russia
People's Artist of Russia, also sometimes translated as National Artist of Russia, is an honorary title granted to citizens of Russia.It succeeded both the all-Soviet union award People's Artist of the USSR , and more directly the local republic award, People's Artist of the RSFSR , after the...
award. In 2001, he published his memoirs: Воспоминания. Страницы жизни и творчества (Memoirs. Pages of Life and Work). The book relates countless memories of Shostakovich, Schnittke, Igor Stravinsky
Igor Stravinsky
Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky ; 6 April 1971) was a Russian, later naturalized French, and then naturalized American composer, pianist, and conductor....
, Maria Yudina
Maria Yudina
Maria Veniaminovna Yudina was an influential Soviet pianist.Yudina was born to a Jewish family in Nevel, Russia. She studied at the Petrograd Conservatory under Anna Yesipova and Leonid Vladimirovich Nikolayev. She also briefly studied privately with Felix Blumenfeld. Her classmates included...
, Anna Akhmatova
Anna Akhmatova
Anna Andreyevna Gorenko , better known by the pen name Anna Akhmatova , was a Russian and Soviet modernist poet, one of the most acclaimed writers in the Russian canon.Harrington p11...
and colleagues of the Beethoven Quartet, among others.
Selected compositions
- Fantasia for viola and orchestra (1980)
- Sinfonia a due, Duet for 2 violas (published 2003)
- Sonata for viola solo (1959)
- Variations for viola solo (1968)
Discography
- Fyodor Druzhinin – Melodiya MEL CD 10 00867 (2004); Fyodor Druzhinin, viola; Mikhail Muntyan, piano (Glinka, Rubinstein); Larisa Panteleyeva, piano (Shostakovich)
-
- Mikhail Glinka: Sonata in D Minor for Viola and Piano (1825–1828)
- Anton Rubinstein: Sonata in F Minor for Viola and Piano, Op.49 (1855)
- Dmitri Shostakovich: Sonata for Viola and Piano, Op.147 (1975)
- Great Artists of the Moscow Conservertoire – Moscow Conservatory SMC 036 (1998); Fedor Druzhinin, viola; Maria Yudina, Anna Levina, Larisa Panteleyeva, piano
- C.P.E. Bach: Sonata in G Minor
- Mikhail Glinka: Sonata in D Minor for Viola and Piano (1825–1828)
- Arthur Honegger: Sonata for Viola and Piano, H.26 (1920)
- Paul Hindemith: Sonata for Viola and Piano, Op.11 No.4 (1919)
- Rubinstein: Viola Sonata; Quintet for Piano & Winds – Russian Disc (1994); Fedor Druzhinin, viola; Larisa Panteleyeva, piano
- Anton Rubinstein: Sonata in F Minor for Viola and Piano, Op.49 (1855)
- Melodiya LP 33D-025045/6 (1969); Fyodor Druzhinin, viola; Chamber Orchestra of the Moscow Conservatory, Moscow Symphonic Orchestra
- J.C. Bach/Henri Casadesus: Concerto in C Minor for Viola and Strings
- Roman Ledenyov: Concerto-Poem in A Minor for Viola and Orchestra, Op.13 (1963–1964)
- Grigory Frid: Concerto for Viola and Orchestra, Op.52 (1972)
- Melodiya LP S10-08249/50 (1976); Fyodor Druzhinin, viola; Mikhail Muntyan, piano
- Moisei Samuilovich Vainberg (Mieczysław Weinberg): Sonata No.1 for Solo Viola, Op.107 (1971)
- Grigory Frid: Sonata for Viola and Piano, Op.62 No.1 (1971)
External links
- video recording of 2nd movement of his Sonata for Viola Solo performed by violist Julia Rebekka AdlerJulia Rebekka AdlerViola player Julia Rebekka Adler, née Mai, was born 1978 in Heidelberg, Germany. In 2004 she was rated best German violist in the ARD International Music Competition, receiving the Theodor Rogler Prize...