GAZ-12 ZIM is a limousine

Limousine

A limousine is a luxury sedan or saloon car, especially one with a lengthened wheelbase or driven by a chauffeur. The chassis of a limousine may have been extended by the manufacturer or by an independent coachbuilder. These are called "stretch" limousines and are traditionally black or white....

 produced at the GAZ

GAZ

GAZ or Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod , translated as Gorky Automobile Plant , started in 1932 as NAZ, a cooperation between Ford and the Soviet Union. It is one of the largest companies in the Russian automotive industry....

 from 1950 till 1959. ZIM abbreviation stands for Zavod Imeni Molotova, which reflects the part of factory's official name at the time. Models produced after 1956 did not carry the ZIM abbreviation anymore.

4 and 5-door ambulance

Ambulance

An ambulance is a vehicle for transportation of sick or injured people to, from or between places of treatment for an illness or injury, and in some instances will also provide out of hospital medical care to the patient...

 versions GAZ-12B (ГАЗ-12Б) were also produced from 1951 till 1960.
A phaeton

Phaeton body

A Phaeton is a style of open car or carriage without proper weather protection for passengers. Use of this name for automobiles was limited to North America or its products....

 version existed, only 3 pieces were built between 1949 and 1951 for the government elite.

Pre-production started in 1949, and it is believed that the first prototype was constructed in 1948.

At least three ZIM cars have been rebuilt for usage on narrow gauge railways. Two of them are still in use.

Amount of cars produced was 21527 pcs (all modifications).

Technical parameters

• Engine: 3485 cc modified (forged from aluminium rather than iron) engine of the GAZ-51
  GAZ-51
  The GAZ-51 is the best known, most popular, and longest produced Soviet truck. Its first prototypes were produced before the end of World War II, and mass production started in 1946....
  
   truck, 6 pistons in line developing 90 hp at 3400 rpm.
• Size:
  • 5530 mm (217.7 in) in length
  • 1900 mm (74.8 in) width
  • 1660 mm (65.4 in) height (except the for the phaeton version that was slightly smaller due to the missing roof)
• Wheelbase: 3200 mm (126 in)
• Clearance: 200 mm (7.9 in)
• Turn radius: 7.4 m (24.28 ft)
• Gearbox: 3 speeds + rear
• Weight: 1800 kg (3,968 lb) (1940 kg (4,277 lb) with full tank, oil and other liquids)
• Maximum speed: 120 kilometre per hour
• Fuel tank: 80 l (21 US gal; 18 imp gal)
• Fuel consumption: 15.5 L/100 km at 50-60 km/h