Gallya
Encyclopedia
Hall Island is an island in Franz Josef Land
, Arkhangelsk Oblast
, Russia
.
Hall Island is almost completely glacierized. The only relatively large areas free of permanent ice are located in its southern end, where there are two landheads, Cape Tegethoff (Mys Tegetkhoff), and also Cape Ozernyy (Mys Ozernyy), on Littov Peninsula, (Poluostrov Littova). There is also a very small unglacierized area around its eastern cape, Mys Frankfurt, and another in its northwestern point, Cape Wiggins (Mys Uigginsa).
Hall Island's area is 1049 km² (405 sq mi) and it is one of the largest islands in the group. Its highest point is 502 m (1,647 ft). There is a wide bay on the southeastern side of Hall Island known as Hydrographer Bay (Zaliv Gidrografov) and a smaller one west of the Littov Peninsula called Bukhta Surovaya.
Hall Island is located very close to the eastern shores of MacKlintok Island
, separated from it by a narrow sound. To the southeast there is a wider strait separating Hall Island from Salm Island
known in Russian as Proliv Lavroka. The strait ot the east is the large Avstriskiy Proliv.
Hall Island was named after American Arctic explorer Charles Francis Hall
.
. It was the first major island of the Franz Josef group on whiďch the expedition members set foot.
In 1898-99 a small camp was built at Mys Tegetkhof (Cape Tegethoff, 80°05′N 58°01′E) by the Walter Wellman
expedition. It contains a marker commemorating the discovery of the archipelago
. Cape Tegethoff was named after the main ship of the Austro-Hungarian explorers, which had been name in honor of Austrian admiral Wilhelm von Tegetthoff
.
west of Hall island's northwestern cape lies oval-shaped 5 km (3.1 mi) long Newcomb Island (Остров Нюкомба, Ostrov N'yukomba). Unglacierized. Highest point 67 m (220 ft). This island was named after Raymond Lee Newcomb, the naval officer in charge of the 1882–84 party searching for the ill-fated DeLong
's expedition on ship Jeannette
off the northeastern side of Hall Island's eastern bay lies small but steep Berghaus Island (Остров Бергхауз, Ostrov Bergkhauz), reaching a height of 372 m (1,220 ft). Unglacierized. This island was named after cartographer Heinrich Berghaus
(1797-1884).
Franz Josef Land
Franz Josef Land, Franz Joseph Land, or Francis Joseph's Land is an archipelago located in the far north of Russia. It is found in the Arctic Ocean north of Novaya Zemlya and east of Svalbard, and is administered by Arkhangelsk Oblast. Franz Josef Land consists of 191 ice-covered islands with a...
, Arkhangelsk Oblast
Arkhangelsk Oblast
Arkhangelsk Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . It includes the Arctic archipelagos of Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya, as well as the Solovetsky Islands in the White Sea....
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
.
Hall Island is almost completely glacierized. The only relatively large areas free of permanent ice are located in its southern end, where there are two landheads, Cape Tegethoff (Mys Tegetkhoff), and also Cape Ozernyy (Mys Ozernyy), on Littov Peninsula, (Poluostrov Littova). There is also a very small unglacierized area around its eastern cape, Mys Frankfurt, and another in its northwestern point, Cape Wiggins (Mys Uigginsa).
Hall Island's area is 1049 km² (405 sq mi) and it is one of the largest islands in the group. Its highest point is 502 m (1,647 ft). There is a wide bay on the southeastern side of Hall Island known as Hydrographer Bay (Zaliv Gidrografov) and a smaller one west of the Littov Peninsula called Bukhta Surovaya.
Hall Island is located very close to the eastern shores of MacKlintok Island
MacKlintok Island
MacKlintok Island or MacClintok Island is an island in Franz Josef Land, Russia.This island is roughly square-shaped and its maximum length is . Its area is and it is largely glaciated. Its highest point is ....
, separated from it by a narrow sound. To the southeast there is a wider strait separating Hall Island from Salm Island
Salm Island
Salm Island is a roughly round-shaped island in Franz Josef Land, Russia.Salm Island is almost completely glaciarized except for a cape in its southern shore. Its maximum length is 17 km and its area is 344 km²...
known in Russian as Proliv Lavroka. The strait ot the east is the large Avstriskiy Proliv.
Hall Island was named after American Arctic explorer Charles Francis Hall
Charles Francis Hall
Charles Francis Hall was an American Arctic explorer. Little is known of Hall's early life. He was born in the state of Vermont, but while he was still a child his family moved to Rochester, New Hampshire, where, as a boy, he was apprenticed to a blacksmith. In the 1840s he married and drifted...
.
History
This island was discovered on August 30, 1873, by the Austro-Hungarian North Pole ExpeditionAustro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition
The Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition was an expedition that ran from 1872–74 and discovered Franz-Josef Land. According to Julius von Payer, one of the leaders, the journey was to find the north-eastern passage. It actually explored the area northwest of Novaya Zemlya. According to the...
. It was the first major island of the Franz Josef group on whiďch the expedition members set foot.
In 1898-99 a small camp was built at Mys Tegetkhof (Cape Tegethoff, 80°05′N 58°01′E) by the Walter Wellman
Walter Wellman
Walter Wellman was an American journalist, explorer, and aëronaut, born at Mentor, Ohio, and educated in the public schools.- Biographical background :...
expedition. It contains a marker commemorating the discovery of the archipelago
Archipelago
An archipelago , sometimes called an island group, is a chain or cluster of islands. The word archipelago is derived from the Greek ἄρχι- – arkhi- and πέλαγος – pélagos through the Italian arcipelago...
. Cape Tegethoff was named after the main ship of the Austro-Hungarian explorers, which had been name in honor of Austrian admiral Wilhelm von Tegetthoff
Wilhelm von Tegetthoff
Wilhelm von Tegetthoff was an Austrian admiral. Considered one of the prominent naval commanders of the 19th century, Tegetthoff was known for his innovative tactics as well as his inspirational leadership....
.
Adjacent small islands
- Right off Hall Island's northern shore lie three small islets called Brown Islands (Ostrova Brounova). They were named in honor of George BrownGeorge Brown- Politicians :* George Brown, Baron George-Brown , British politician, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs* George Brown, Jr. , U.S...
, of the Royal NavyRoyal NavyThe Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
, who went in the 1850-1854 expedition in search of Sir John Franklin, under the command of Captain R. M'Clure, on the Investigator.
west of Hall island's northwestern cape lies oval-shaped 5 km (3.1 mi) long Newcomb Island (Остров Нюкомба, Ostrov N'yukomba). Unglacierized. Highest point 67 m (220 ft). This island was named after Raymond Lee Newcomb, the naval officer in charge of the 1882–84 party searching for the ill-fated DeLong
George W. DeLong
George Washington DeLong was a United States Navy officer and explorer.- Biography :Born in New York City, he was educated at the United States Naval Academy in Newport, Rhode Island...
's expedition on ship Jeannette
USS Jeannette (1878)
The first USS Jeannette was originally HMS Pandora, a Philomel-class gunvessel of the Royal Navy, and was purchased in 1875 by Sir Allen Young for his arctic voyages in 1875-1876. The ship was purchased in 1878 by James Gordon Bennett, Jr., owner of the New York Herald; and renamed Jeannette...
off the northeastern side of Hall Island's eastern bay lies small but steep Berghaus Island (Остров Бергхауз, Ostrov Bergkhauz), reaching a height of 372 m (1,220 ft). Unglacierized. This island was named after cartographer Heinrich Berghaus
Heinrich Berghaus
Heinrich Berghaus was a German geographer.-Life:Berghaus was born at Kleve. He was trained as a surveyor, and after volunteering for active service under General Tauentzien in 1813, joined the staff of the Prussian trigonometrical survey in 1816...
(1797-1884).
External links
- All locations: http://worldmaps.web.infoseek.co.jp/russia_guide.htm
- http://www.geosite.com.ru/pageid-335-1.html & http://www.geo.ru/journalarticle/item/id/152/
- List of islands and islets (in Russian): :ru:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA %D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B2 %D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8
- Explorers: http://www.bartleby.com/227/0735.html & http://www.glenbow.org/collections/search/findingAids/archhtm/franklin.cfm