Gaston Diehl
Encyclopedia
Gaston Diehl was a French
professor of art history
and an art critic
.
in 1936. Diehl created in October 1935 with his classmates of a student group called Regain a weekly review of the same name dedicated to discuss once or twice a month of contemporary creativity with different artists in the basement of the Capoulade Quartier . Beginning 1938, he participated in the weekly magazine Marianne and keep for a year a chronicle of art called "The rostrum of Youth." In 1939 he founded the magazine Charpentes.
In October 1943, during the Nazi Occupation, Diehl founded the May Salon in Paris in a café on the Palais Royal, in opposition to the ideology of Nazism and its condemnation of degnerate art. Its other founder-members were Henri-Georges Adam
, Emmanuel Auricoste, Lucien Coutaud, Robert Couturier
, Jacques Despierre, Marcel Gili, Leon Gischia, Francis Gruber
, René Iché
, Jean Le Moal
, Alfred Manessier
, André Marchand
, Edouard Pignon, Gustave Singier
, Claude Venard and Roger Vieillard. Several of them (Coutaud, Gischia, Iché, Le Moal, Manessier, Marchand, Pignon, Singier) had in 1941 participated in the exhibition of Twenty young painters of French tradition. The first May Salon took place at the Galerie Pierre Maurs from May 29 to June 29, 1945.
Diehl created in October 1944 the Movement of Friends of Art for the dissemination of the modern art through lectures, screenings, films, educational exhibitions particularly in the provinces. He was close to Rouault, and the young painters of French tradition which he prefaced exhibitions from 1943 at the Galerie de France, he also helped with the exhibitions of Bonnard, Matisse, Picasso, Villon, Braque, Bernard Buffet and Hans Hartung, and thus, according including the testimony of Pierre Restany " was very conscious writer who had a foot in the first half of his century and another in the second." In 1948, he played a role in the creation of the International Film Festival of Art and contributed to the films: Van Gogh (1948)
, which won an Academy Award for Live Action Short Film
in 1950 and Gauguin (1950) with Alain Resnais
and Christmas galantes (Watteau) (1950) with Jean Aurel
.
In September 1950 he was appointed professor by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Venezuela at the Central University of Venezuela
and the School of Fine Arts where he taught art history. As a cultural attache at the embassy, he also directed the Franco-Venezuelan Institute, and wrote articles in the press in Europe and Latin America. He helped artists like Carlos Cruz-Diez
and Jesús-Rafael Soto to gain recognition in Europe.
From 1950 to 1966, he played a similar role in Morocco following in the footsteps of Delacroix and Matisse. In February 1966, he directed the Bureau des Expositions de l'Action Artistique, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and took until his retirement in 1977 the task of start with the help of curators, critics and friends of exhibitions in France at the Grand and Petit Palais and the Louvre (including The Treasury Toutankamon in 1960).
Diehl continued until his death to support art in all its forms and in the world and was elected President of the Museum of Latin America in 1983, and helped introduce Latin American artists at the House of Latin America in Monte Carlo from 1986 to 1998.
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
professor of art history
Art history
Art history has historically been understood as the academic study of objects of art in their historical development and stylistic contexts, i.e. genre, design, format, and style...
and an art critic
Art critic
An art critic is a person who specializes in evaluating art. Their written critiques, or reviews, are published in newspapers, magazines, books and on web sites...
.
Biography
Diehl graduated from the Institut d'Art et d'Archéologie in 1934 and the Ecole du LouvreÉcole du Louvre
The École du Louvre is an institution of higher education and French Grande École located in the Aile de Flore of the Musée du Louvre in Paris, France, and is dedicated to the study of archaeology, art history, anthropology and epigraphy....
in 1936. Diehl created in October 1935 with his classmates of a student group called Regain a weekly review of the same name dedicated to discuss once or twice a month of contemporary creativity with different artists in the basement of the Capoulade Quartier . Beginning 1938, he participated in the weekly magazine Marianne and keep for a year a chronicle of art called "The rostrum of Youth." In 1939 he founded the magazine Charpentes.
In October 1943, during the Nazi Occupation, Diehl founded the May Salon in Paris in a café on the Palais Royal, in opposition to the ideology of Nazism and its condemnation of degnerate art. Its other founder-members were Henri-Georges Adam
Henri-Georges Adam
Henri-Georges Adam was a French engraver and non-figurative sculptor of the École de Paris, who was also involved in the creation of numerous monumental tapestries...
, Emmanuel Auricoste, Lucien Coutaud, Robert Couturier
Robert Couturier
Robert Couturier was a French sculptor. He was born in Angoulême.-Biography:In 1920, he joined the École Estienne à Paris and trained in lithography. On his father's death he was forced to interrupt his studies and joined a lithography studio in Paris. In 1929 he met the sculptor Alfred Janniot...
, Jacques Despierre, Marcel Gili, Leon Gischia, Francis Gruber
Francis Gruber
Francis Gruber was a French painter and founder of the Nouveau Réalisme school.He was born in Nancy, the son of stained glass artist Jacques Gruber....
, René Iché
René Iché
For the town in Morocco see Iche, MoroccoRené Iché was a 20th century French sculptor.-Life and work:...
, Jean Le Moal
Jean Le Moal
Jean Le Moal was a French painter of the new Paris school, designer of stained glass windows, and one of the founder members of the Salon de Mai.-Biography:...
, Alfred Manessier
Alfred Manessier
Alfred Manessier was a non-figurative French painter, stained glass artist, and tapestry designer, part of the new Paris School and the Salon de Mai.-Biography:...
, André Marchand
André Marchand (painter)
André Marchand was a French painter of the new Paris school and one of the founder members of the Salon de Mai.-Life:Marchand was born at Aix-en-Provence, a few months after the death of Paul Cézanne; in 1918 he lost his mother...
, Edouard Pignon, Gustave Singier
Gustave Singier
Gustave Singier was a Belgian non-figurative painter active in France as part of the new Paris School of Lyrical Abstraction and the Salon de Mai. He is buried in the Montparnasse Cemetery....
, Claude Venard and Roger Vieillard. Several of them (Coutaud, Gischia, Iché, Le Moal, Manessier, Marchand, Pignon, Singier) had in 1941 participated in the exhibition of Twenty young painters of French tradition. The first May Salon took place at the Galerie Pierre Maurs from May 29 to June 29, 1945.
Diehl created in October 1944 the Movement of Friends of Art for the dissemination of the modern art through lectures, screenings, films, educational exhibitions particularly in the provinces. He was close to Rouault, and the young painters of French tradition which he prefaced exhibitions from 1943 at the Galerie de France, he also helped with the exhibitions of Bonnard, Matisse, Picasso, Villon, Braque, Bernard Buffet and Hans Hartung, and thus, according including the testimony of Pierre Restany " was very conscious writer who had a foot in the first half of his century and another in the second." In 1948, he played a role in the creation of the International Film Festival of Art and contributed to the films: Van Gogh (1948)
Van Gogh (1948 film)
Van Gogh is a 1948 short French film directed by Alain Resnais. It won an Academy Award in 1950 for Best Short Subject . It is a remake of a film made the previous year....
, which won an Academy Award for Live Action Short Film
Academy Award for Live Action Short Film
This name for the Academy Award for Live Action Short Film was introduced in 1974. For the three preceding years it was known as "Short Subjects, Live Action Films." The term "Short Subjects, Live Action Subjects" was used from 1957 until 1970. From 1936 until 1956 there were two separate...
in 1950 and Gauguin (1950) with Alain Resnais
Alain Resnais
Alain Resnais is a French film director whose career has extended over more than six decades. After training as a film editor in the mid-1940s, he went on to direct a number of short films which included Nuit et Brouillard , an influential documentary about the Nazi concentration camps.He began...
and Christmas galantes (Watteau) (1950) with Jean Aurel
Jean Aurel
Jean Aurel was a French film director and scriptwriter.-Selected filmography:* 14-18 * De l'amour * Lamiel * Manon 70 * Les femmes...
.
In September 1950 he was appointed professor by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Venezuela at the Central University of Venezuela
Central University of Venezuela
The Central University of Venezuela is a premier public University of Venezuela located in Caracas...
and the School of Fine Arts where he taught art history. As a cultural attache at the embassy, he also directed the Franco-Venezuelan Institute, and wrote articles in the press in Europe and Latin America. He helped artists like Carlos Cruz-Diez
Carlos Cruz-Díez
Carlos Cruz-Diez is a Venezuelan kinetic and op artist. He lives in Paris. He has spent his professional career working and teaching between both Paris and Caracas. His work is represented in museums and public art sites internationally...
and Jesús-Rafael Soto to gain recognition in Europe.
From 1950 to 1966, he played a similar role in Morocco following in the footsteps of Delacroix and Matisse. In February 1966, he directed the Bureau des Expositions de l'Action Artistique, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and took until his retirement in 1977 the task of start with the help of curators, critics and friends of exhibitions in France at the Grand and Petit Palais and the Louvre (including The Treasury Toutankamon in 1960).
Diehl continued until his death to support art in all its forms and in the world and was elected President of the Museum of Latin America in 1983, and helped introduce Latin American artists at the House of Latin America in Monte Carlo from 1986 to 1998.
Works
- Peintres d'aujourd'hui. Les maîtres, Charpentier, Paris, 1943, 36 p.
- Les problèmes de la peinture, sous la direction de Gaston Diehl, éditions Confluences, 1945.
- Édouard Goerg, éditions de Clermont, Paris, 1947, 94 p.
- Asselin, éditions Rombaldi, Paris, 1947.
- Vermeer, éditions Hyperion, Paris-New York, 1949, 48 p.
- MatisseHenri MatisseHenri Matisse was a French artist, known for his use of colour and his fluid and original draughtsmanship. He was a draughtsman, printmaker, and sculptor, but is known primarily as a painter...
, Nathan, Paris, 1950, 48 p. - Le Dessin en France au XIXè siècle, éditions Hyperion, Paris-New York, 1950, 100 p.
- Matisse, Paris, Pierre Tisné, 1954, 310 p.
- Pintura venezolana, Creole Petroleum, Caracas, 1958.
- El Arte moderno frances en Caracas, cuatro Vientos, Caracas, 1959, 32 p.
- Picasso, Flammarion, Paris, 1960, 96 p.
- La Peinture moderne dans le monde, Flammarion, Paris, 1961, 220 p.
- DerainAndré DerainAndré Derain was a French artist, painter, sculptor and co-founder of Fauvism with Henri Matisse.-Early years:...
, Flammarion, Paris, 1964, 96 p. - SingierGustave SingierGustave Singier was a Belgian non-figurative painter active in France as part of the new Paris School of Lyrical Abstraction and the Salon de Mai. He is buried in the Montparnasse Cemetery....
et l'art français contemprain, éditions marocaines et intenationales, Tanger, 1965 - GoyaFrancisco GoyaFrancisco José de Goya y Lucientes was a Spanish romantic painter and printmaker regarded both as the last of the Old Masters and the first of the moderns. Goya was a court painter to the Spanish Crown, and through his works was both a commentator on and chronicler of his era...
, Flammarion, Paris, 1966, 48p. - GrecoGrecoGreco may refer to:* Greco , a list of people with this surname* El Greco , a Greek-Spanish painter, sculptor and architect* El Greco , a composition by Vangelis...
, Flammarion, Paris, 1966, 48 p. - Gauguin, Flammarion, Paris, 1966, 48 p.
- Van GoghVincent van GoghVincent Willem van Gogh , and used Brabant dialect in his writing; it is therefore likely that he himself pronounced his name with a Brabant accent: , with a voiced V and palatalized G and gh. In France, where much of his work was produced, it is...
, Flammarion, Paris, 1966, 48 p. - DelacroixEugène DelacroixFerdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix was a French Romantic artist regarded from the outset of his career as the leader of the French Romantic school...
, Flammarion, Paris, 1966, 48 p. - PascinPascinJulius Mordecai Pincas, known as Pascin, Jules Pascin, or the "Prince of Montparnasse", was born in Bulgaria to parents of four ethnicities. During World War I, he worked in the United States. He is best known as a painter in Paris, where he was strongly identified with the Modernist movement and...
, Flammarion, Paris, 1968, 96 p. - Van DongenKees van DongenCornelis Theodorus Maria van Dongen , usually known as Kees van Dongen or just Van Dongen, was a Dutch painter and one of the Fauves. He gained a reputation for his sensuous, at times garish, portraits....
, Flammarion, Paris, 1968, 96 p. - Hector Poleo, Inciba, Caracas, 1969, 74 p.
- Matisse, Paris, Nouvelles éditions françaises, 1970, 159 p.
- Les Fauves, Paris, Nouvelles éditions françaises, 1971, 192 p.
- VasarelyVictor VasarelyVictor Vasarely was a Hungarian French artist whose work is generally seen aligned with Op-art.His work entitled Zebra, created by Vasarely in the 1930s, is considered by some to be one of the earliest examples of Op-art...
, Paris, Flammarion, 1972, 96 p. - Max ErnstMax ErnstMax Ernst was a German painter, sculptor, graphic artist, and poet. A prolific artist, Ernst was one of the primary pioneers of the Dada movement and Surrealism.-Early life:...
, Paris, Flammarion, 1973, 96 p. - MiróJoan MiróJoan Miró i Ferrà was a Spanish Catalan painter, sculptor, and ceramicist born in Barcelona.Earning international acclaim, his work has been interpreted as Surrealism, a sandbox for the subconscious mind, a re-creation of the childlike, and a manifestation of Catalan pride...
, Paris, Flammarion, 1974, 96 p. - Perez Celis, Ed. de arte Gaglianone, Buenos Aires, 1981, 200 p.
- Fernand LégerFernand LégerJoseph Fernand Henri Léger was a French painter, sculptor, and filmmaker. In his early works he created a personal form of Cubism which he gradually modified into a more figurative, populist style...
, Flammarion, Paris, 1985, 96 p. - Amedeo ModiglianiAmedeo ModiglianiAmedeo Clemente Modigliani was an Italian painter and sculptor who worked mainly in France. Primarily a figurative artist, he became known for paintings and sculptures in a modern style characterized by mask-like faces and elongation of form...
, Paris, Flammarion, 1989. - Kremègne : l'expressionnisme sublimé, Navarin, Paris, 1990, 237 p.
- Oswaldo Vigas, Armitano, Caracas, 1990, 296 p. (en français, 1993).
- Georges Papazoff, Paris, Cercle d'art, 1995.
- La Peinture en France dans les années noires, 1935-1945, Z'éditions, Nice, 1999.