Gauliga Nordmark
Encyclopedia
| Gauliga Nordmark |
|---|
| Gauligas Hamburg |
| Gauliga Mecklenburg |
| Gauliga Schleswig-Holstein |
| Founded |
| 1933 |
| Disbanded |
| 1945 |
| Nation |
 Nazi Germany Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by... |
 |
| Provinces Provinces of Prussia The Provinces of Prussia constituted the main administrative divisions of Prussia. Following the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806 and the Congress of Vienna in 1815 the various princely states in Germany gained their nominal sovereignty, but the reunification process that culminated in... & States States of Germany Germany is made up of sixteen which are partly sovereign constituent states of the Federal Republic of Germany. Land literally translates as "country", and constitutionally speaking, they are constituent countries... |
| Province of Schleswig-Holstein Province of Schleswig-Holstein The Province of Schleswig-Holstein was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1868 to 1946. It was created from the Duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, which had been conquered by Prussia and the Austrian Empire from Denmark in the Second War of Schleswig in 1864... |
 Free State of Oldenburg The Free State of Oldenburg was a state of the Weimar Republic. It was established in 1918 following the abdication of the Grand Duke Frederick Augustus II following the German Revolution.... |
 Hamburg -History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808... |
 |
| Free State of Mecklenburg-Schwerin Free State of Mecklenburg-Schwerin The Free State of Mecklenburg-Schwerin was a state in the Weimar Republic that was established in 1918 following the abdication of the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin following the German Revolution... |
| Mecklenburg-Strelitz Mecklenburg-Strelitz Mecklenburg-Strelitz was a duchy and later grand duchy in northern Germany, consisting of the eastern fifth of the historic Mecklenburg region, roughly corresponding with the present-day Mecklenburg-Strelitz district , and the western exclave of the former Bishopric of Ratzeburg in modern... |
| Gau (from 1934) |
| Hamburg |
| Mecklenburg |
| Schleswig-Holstein |
| Number of Seasons |
| 12 |
| Replaced by |
| Oberliga Nord Oberliga Nord (1947-63) The Oberliga Nord was the highest level of the German football league system in the north of Germany from 1947 until the formation of the Bundesliga in 1963. It covered the states of Lower Saxony, Bremen, Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein.-Overview:... |
| DDR-Oberliga DDR-Oberliga The DDR-Oberliga was, prior to German reunification in 1990, the elite level of football competition in the DDR , being roughly equivalent to the Oberliga or Bundesliga in West Germany.-Overview:Following World... |
| Level on Pyramid |
| Level 1 German football league system The German football league system, or league pyramid, refers to a series of hierarchically interconnected leagues for association football clubs in Germany that consists of over 2,300 men's divisions, in which all leagues are bound together by the principle of promotion and relegation... |
| Domestic Cup |
| Tschammerpokal DFB-Pokal The DFB-Pokal or DFB Cup is a German knockout football cup competition held annually. 64 teams participate in the competition, including all clubs from the Bundesliga and the 2nd Bundesliga. It is considered the second most important national title in German football after the Bundesliga... |
| Last Champions |
| Gauliga Hamburg (1944-45) Hamburger SV Hamburger SV Hamburger Sport-Verein, usually referred to as HSV in Germany and Hamburg in international parlance, is a German multi-sport club based in Hamburg, its largest branch being its football department... |
| Gauliga Mecklenburg (1943-44) Luftwaffen SV Rerik |
| Gauliga Schleswig-Holstein (1943-44) Holstein Kiel Holstein Kiel Holstein Kiel is a German association football and sports club based in the city of Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein. Through the 1910s and 1920s the club was a dominant side in northern Germany winning six regional titles and finishing as runners-up another six times... |
The Gauliga Nordmark was the highest football league in the Prussian
Prussia
Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
Province of Schleswig-Holstein
Province of Schleswig-Holstein
The Province of Schleswig-Holstein was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1868 to 1946. It was created from the Duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, which had been conquered by Prussia and the Austrian Empire from Denmark in the Second War of Schleswig in 1864...
and the German states of Hamburg
Hamburg
-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...
, Lübeck, Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Free State of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
The Free State of Mecklenburg-Schwerin was a state in the Weimar Republic that was established in 1918 following the abdication of the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin following the German Revolution...
, Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Mecklenburg-Strelitz was a duchy and later grand duchy in northern Germany, consisting of the eastern fifth of the historic Mecklenburg region, roughly corresponding with the present-day Mecklenburg-Strelitz district , and the western exclave of the former Bishopric of Ratzeburg in modern...
and parts of Oldenburg
Free State of Oldenburg
The Free State of Oldenburg was a state of the Weimar Republic. It was established in 1918 following the abdication of the Grand Duke Frederick Augustus II following the German Revolution....
from 1933 to 1945. Shortly after the formation of the league, the Nazis reorganised the administrative regions in Germany, and the Gaue Hamburg, Mecklenburg and Schleswig-Holstein replaced the Prussian province
Provinces of Prussia
The Provinces of Prussia constituted the main administrative divisions of Prussia. Following the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806 and the Congress of Vienna in 1815 the various princely states in Germany gained their nominal sovereignty, but the reunification process that culminated in...
and the German states in this northern region of Germany.
From 1942, the Gauliga Nordmark was split into three separate leagues, the Gauliga Hamburg, Gauliga Mecklenburg and the Gauliga Schleswig-Holstein.
The German word Nordmark
Northern March
The Northern March or North March was created out of the division of the vast Marca Geronis in 965. It initially comprised the northern third of the Marca and was part of the territorial organisation of areas conquered from the Wends...
can be translated as Northern Marches
Marches
A march or mark refers to a border region similar to a frontier, such as the Welsh Marches, the borderland between England and Wales. During the Frankish Carolingian Dynasty, the word spread throughout Europe....
, referring to the fact that the league covered the northern-most part of the country.
Gauliga Nordmark
The league was introduced in 1933, after the Nazi takeover of powerMachtergreifung
Machtergreifung is a German word meaning "seizure of power". It is normally used specifically to refer to the Nazi takeover of power in the democratic Weimar Republic on 30 January 1933, the day Hitler was sworn in as Chancellor of Germany, turning it into the Nazi German dictatorship.-Term:The...
in Germany. It replaced the Oberliga Lübeck/Mecklenburg, Oberliga Schleswig-Holstein, Oberliga Nordhannover and Oberliga Hamburg as the highest level of play of the regional football competitions.
In its first season, the league had ten clubs, playing each other once at home and once away. The league champion then qualified for the German championship
German football champions
The German football champions are the annual winners of the highest association football competition in Germany. The history of the German football championship is complex and reflects the turbulent history of the country through the course of the 20th century.Brought to the country by English...
. The bottom two teams were relegated, however, due to Viktoria Wilhelmsburg moving to the Gauliga Niedersachsen
Gauliga Niedersachsen
The Gauliga Niedersachsen was the highest football league in the Prussian Province of Hanover and the German states of Bremen, Brunswick, Schaumburg-Lippe and Oldenburg from 1933 to 1945...
, only one club went down in 1934.
The league retained its modus until 1937, when two clubs, the Borussia Harburg and FV Wilhelmsburg 09 transferred across from the Gauliga Niedersachsen. The league was therefore upsized to twelve clubs with three relegated teams for the 1937-38 season. It was reduced to eleven clubs for the season after.
Due to the outbreak of the 2nd World War in 1939, the league was split into two regional groups, one of six and one of seven clubs. The two group champions then played a home-and-away final for the Gauliga championship. The league returned to a twelve-team, single-division format for the 1940-41 season and downsized to ten club for its last season, 1941-42.
Unlike all other territories Germany had lost after the First World War, the Danish-speaking parts of northern Schleswig
South Jutland County
South Jutland County is a former county on the south-central portion of the Jutland Peninsula in southern Denmark....
which had been awarded to Denmark
Denmark
Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
in 1920 were not reoccupied by Germany after 1940. No clubs from Denmark took part in the league therefore.
Gauliga Hamburg
The league started with ten clubs in a single division in 1942, containing only clubs from the greater Hamburg area. It remained at this strength for the duration of its existence.Unlike all other leagues in the country, the Gauliga Hamburg managed to complete its program in its last season, 1944-45 before the collapse of Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
finished all competition. This was mainly due to the league being city-based and therefore much less affected by the restrictions on transport in the final war year.
Of the clubs from the region Nordmark, only the Luftwaffen-SV Hamburg
Luftwaffen-SV Hamburg
Luftwaffen-SV Hamburg was a short-lived military German association football club active during World War II and is notable as the most successful of the wartime military sides.-Military sports clubs:...
archived any form of national success during the Gauliga years. The club of the German air force (Luftwaffe
Luftwaffe
Luftwaffe is a generic German term for an air force. It is also the official name for two of the four historic German air forces, the Wehrmacht air arm founded in 1935 and disbanded in 1946; and the current Bundeswehr air arm founded in 1956....
) reached the cup final in 1943 and the championship final in 1944, losing both times.
Gauliga Mecklenburg
The territory of the new Gauliga Mecklenburg was made up of the area of the Gau of the same name.The league started out with seven clubs in a single division and expanded to ten clubs for the 1943-44 season. Its last season, 1944-45, probably did not get underway at all due to the effects of the war in the region.
Gauliga Schleswig-Holstein
The league started out with ten clubs in a single division, all from the Gau Schleswig-Holstein. It remained at this strength in its second season, 1943-44. The third edition, 1944-45 got barely underway when the effects of the war forced it to be cancelled. Play continued on local level in KielKiel
Kiel is the capital and most populous city in the northern German state of Schleswig-Holstein, with a population of 238,049 .Kiel is approximately north of Hamburg. Due to its geographic location in the north of Germany, the southeast of the Jutland peninsula, and the southwestern shore of the...
and Lübeck
Lübeck
The Hanseatic City of Lübeck is the second-largest city in Schleswig-Holstein, in northern Germany, and one of the major ports of Germany. It was for several centuries the "capital" of the Hanseatic League and, because of its Brick Gothic architectural heritage, is listed by UNESCO as a World...
, but no Gauliga champion was determined.
Aftermath
With the end of the Nazi era, the Gauligas ceased to exist and the northern part of Germany found itself in the BritishUnited Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
occupation zone
Allied Occupation Zones in Germany
The Allied powers who defeated Nazi Germany in World War II divided the country west of the Oder-Neisse line into four occupation zones for administrative purposes during 1945–49. In the closing weeks of fighting in Europe, US forces had pushed beyond the previously agreed boundaries for the...
. Mecklenburg however, was part of the Soviet zone and became later part of East Germany.
In the British zone, top-level football did not resume straight away, unlike in Southern Germany, and only in 1947 was a new, highest league introduced, the Oberliga Nord
Oberliga Nord (1947-63)
The Oberliga Nord was the highest level of the German football league system in the north of Germany from 1947 until the formation of the Bundesliga in 1963. It covered the states of Lower Saxony, Bremen, Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein.-Overview:...
, which covered the new states of Lower Saxony
Lower Saxony
Lower Saxony is a German state situated in north-western Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the sixteen states of Germany...
and Schleswig-Holstein
Schleswig-Holstein
Schleswig-Holstein is the northernmost of the sixteen states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Schleswig...
along with the recreated city-states of Hamburg
Hamburg
-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...
and Bremen
Bremen
The City Municipality of Bremen is a Hanseatic city in northwestern Germany. A commercial and industrial city with a major port on the river Weser, Bremen is part of the Bremen-Oldenburg metropolitan area . Bremen is the second most populous city in North Germany and tenth in Germany.Bremen is...
.
Mecklenburg became part of the East German football league system
East German football league system
The football league system of the German Democratic Republic existed from the creation of the DDR-Oberliga in 1949 until shortly after German reunification in 1990....
and the DDR-Oberliga
DDR-Oberliga
The DDR-Oberliga was, prior to German reunification in 1990, the elite level of football competition in the DDR , being roughly equivalent to the Oberliga or Bundesliga in West Germany.-Overview:Following World...
was introduced as the new highest league in 1949.
Founding members of the league
The ten founding members and their league positions in the Oberliga in 1932-33 were:- Eimsbütteler TVEimsbütteler TVEimsbütteler Turnverband is a German sports club based in Eimsbüttel, Hamburg. Apart from football, the club also offers a variety of other sports, like basketball, volleyball, and fencing....
- Hamburger SVHamburger SVHamburger Sport-Verein, usually referred to as HSV in Germany and Hamburg in international parlance, is a German multi-sport club based in Hamburg, its largest branch being its football department...
- Holstein KielHolstein KielHolstein Kiel is a German association football and sports club based in the city of Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein. Through the 1910s and 1920s the club was a dominant side in northern Germany winning six regional titles and finishing as runners-up another six times...
, champion Oberliga Schleswig-Holstein - Viktoria Wilhelmsburg, champion Oberliga Nordhannover
- FC Altona 93, champion Oberliga Hamburg
- Union 03 Altona
- Polizei Hamburg
- Borussia Kiel
- Polizei SV Lübeck
- SV Schwerin 03, champion Oberliga Lübeck/Mecklenburg
Gauliga Nordmark
| Season | Winner | Runner-Up |
| 1933-34 | Eimsbütteler TV | Hamburger SV |
| 1934-35 | Eimsbütteler TV | Hamburger SV |
| 1935-36 | Eimsbütteler TV | SC Victoria Hamburg |
| 1936-37 | Hamburger SV | Holstein Kiel |
| 1937-38 | Hamburger SV | Eimsbütteler TV |
| 1938-39 | Hamburger SV | Eimsbütteler TV |
| 1939-40 | Eimsbütteler TV | Hamburger SV |
| 1940-41 | Hamburger SV | Eimsbütteler TV |
| 1941-42 | Eimsbütteler TV | Hamburger SV |
Gauliga Hamburg
| Season | Winner | Runner-Up |
| 1942-43 | Victoria Hamburg | Hamburger SV |
| 1943-44 | Luftwaffen-SV Hamburg | Hamburger SV |
| 1944-45 | Hamburger SV | FC Altona 93 |
Gauliga Mecklenburg
| Season | Winner | Runner-Up |
| 1942-43 | TSG Rostock | Luftwaffen SV Rechlin |
| 1943-44 | Luftwaffen SV Rerik | Luftwaffen SV Rechlin |
Gauliga Schleswig-Holstein
| Season | Winner | Runner-Up |
| 1943-44 | Holstein Kiel | SG Ordnungspolizei Lübeck |
| 1943-44 | Holstein Kiel | FC Kilia Kiel |
Gauliga Nordmark
| Club | 1934 | 1935 | 1936 | 1937 | 1938 | 1939 | 1940 | 1941 | 1942 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eimsbütteler TV Eimsbütteler TV Eimsbütteler Turnverband is a German sports club based in Eimsbüttel, Hamburg. Apart from football, the club also offers a variety of other sports, like basketball, volleyball, and fencing.... |
1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
| Hamburger SV Hamburger SV Hamburger Sport-Verein, usually referred to as HSV in Germany and Hamburg in international parlance, is a German multi-sport club based in Hamburg, its largest branch being its football department... |
2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Holstein Kiel Holstein Kiel Holstein Kiel is a German association football and sports club based in the city of Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein. Through the 1910s and 1920s the club was a dominant side in northern Germany winning six regional titles and finishing as runners-up another six times... |
3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 3 |
| Viktoria Wilhelmsburg 1 | 4 | ||||||||
| FC Altona 93 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 2 | 6 | 7 |
| Union Altona | 6 | 5 | 9 | ||||||
| Borussia Kiel | 7 | 9 | |||||||
| MSV Hansa Hamburg 3 | 8 | 8 | 10 | ||||||
| Polizei SV Lübeck | 9 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 3 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| SV Schwerin 03 | 10 | 11 | |||||||
| SC Victoria Hamburg SC Victoria Hamburg SC Victoria Hamburg is a German association football club from the city of Hamburg. The football team is part of a larger sports club that has departments for badminton, handball, hockey, athletics, tennis, table tennis , gymnastics, baseball , and softball .-History:The club was founded 5 May 1895... |
4 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 6 | |
| FC St. Pauli FC St. Pauli Fußball-Club St. Pauli is a German sports club based in the St. Pauli quarter of Hamburg. The football section is part of a larger club that also has Rugby Fußball-Club St. Pauli is a German sports club based in the St. Pauli quarter of Hamburg. The football section is part of a larger club that... |
10 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 6 | ||||
| Phönix Lübeck | 7 | 6 | 10 | ||||||
| SC Sperber Hamburg | 8 | 10 | 5 | 10 | |||||
| FK Rothenburgsort | 9 | ||||||||
| Komet Hamburg | 7 | 6 | 6 | ||||||
| Borussia Harburg 2 | 8 | 10 | 4 | 11 | |||||
| Polizei SV Hamburg | 11 | ||||||||
| FV Wilhelmsburg 09 2 | 12 | 8 | 9 | ||||||
| Rasensport Harburg | 9 | ||||||||
| Concordia Hamburg | 5 | 12 | |||||||
| SG Barmek | 4 | 7 | 10 | ||||||
| Fortuna Glückstadt | 9 | ||||||||
| WSV Schwerin | 5 | ||||||||
| FC Kilia Kiel FC Kilia Kiel FC Kilia Kiel is a German association football club from the city of Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein.-History:The club was formed 23 July 1902 by a group of footballers who had left 1. Kieler Fußballverein von 1900 which plays today as Holstein Kiel... |
8 | ||||||||
Source:
- 1 Moved from the Gauliga Nordmark to the Gauliga Niedersachsen in 1934.
- 2 Moved from the Gauliga Niedersachsen to the Gauliga Nordmark in 1937.
- 3 Polizei Hamburg changed its name to MSV Hansa Hamburg in 1935.
Gauliga Schleswig-Holstein
| Club | 1943 | 1944 |
|---|---|---|
| Holstein Kiel Holstein Kiel Holstein Kiel is a German association football and sports club based in the city of Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein. Through the 1910s and 1920s the club was a dominant side in northern Germany winning six regional titles and finishing as runners-up another six times... |
1 | 1 |
| Polizei SV Lübeck | 2 | 6 |
| SC Friedrichsort | 3 | 2 |
| FC Kilia Kiel FC Kilia Kiel FC Kilia Kiel is a German association football club from the city of Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein.-History:The club was formed 23 July 1902 by a group of footballers who had left 1. Kieler Fußballverein von 1900 which plays today as Holstein Kiel... |
4 | 3 |
| SV Ellerbek | 5 | 4 |
| Fortuna Glückstadt | 6 | 9 |
| Comet Kiel | 7 | 10 |
| Borussia Kiel | 8 | 8 |
| Phönix Lübeck | 9 | |
| Reichsbahn Neumünster | 10 | |
| VfB Kiel | 5 | |
| TSG Gaarden | 7 |
Gauliga Hamburg
| Club | 1943 | 1944 |
|---|---|---|
| SC Victoria Hamburg SC Victoria Hamburg SC Victoria Hamburg is a German association football club from the city of Hamburg. The football team is part of a larger sports club that has departments for badminton, handball, hockey, athletics, tennis, table tennis , gymnastics, baseball , and softball .-History:The club was founded 5 May 1895... |
1 | 3 |
| Hamburger SV Hamburger SV Hamburger Sport-Verein, usually referred to as HSV in Germany and Hamburg in international parlance, is a German multi-sport club based in Hamburg, its largest branch being its football department... |
2 | 2 |
| FC Altona 93 | 3 | 4 |
| FC St. Pauli FC St. Pauli Fußball-Club St. Pauli is a German sports club based in the St. Pauli quarter of Hamburg. The football section is part of a larger club that also has Rugby Fußball-Club St. Pauli is a German sports club based in the St. Pauli quarter of Hamburg. The football section is part of a larger club that... |
4 | 7 |
| FV Wilhelmsburg 09 | 5 | 8 |
| Eimsbütteler TV Eimsbütteler TV Eimsbütteler Turnverband is a German sports club based in Eimsbüttel, Hamburg. Apart from football, the club also offers a variety of other sports, like basketball, volleyball, and fencing.... |
6 | 5 |
| Polizei SV Hamburg | 7 | |
| SC Sperber Hamburg | 8 | 9 |
| Viktoria Wilhelmsburg | 9 | |
| SG Barmbek | 10 | |
| LSV Hamburg | 1 | |
| Komet Hamburg | 6 | |
| HEBC/Sport | 10 |
Gauliga Mecklenburg
| Club | 1943 | 1944 |
|---|---|---|
| TSG Rostock | 1 | 7 |
| LSV Rechlin | 2 | 2 |
| LSV Rerik | 3 | 1 |
| LSV Neubrandenburg | 4 | 5 |
| LSV Warnemünde | 5 | 6 |
| TSK Rostock | 6 | 10 |
| TSV Wismar | 7 | |
| SV Schwerin 03 | 8 | 4 |
| VfL Güstrow | 9 | |
| Neukaliss | 10 | |
| WSV Ludwigslust | 3 | |
| KSG Wismar-Tarnewitz | 8 | |
| WKG Heinkel Rostock | 9 |
Sources
- Die deutschen Gauligen 1933-45 - Heft 1-3 Tables of the Gauligas 1933-45, publisher: DSFS
- Kicker Almanach, The yearbook on German football from Bundesliga to Oberliga, since 1937, published by the Kicker Sports MagazineKicker (sports magazine)kicker Sportmagazin is Germany's leading sports magazine and is focused primarily on football. The magazine was founded in 1920 by German football pioneer Walther Bensemann and is published twice a week, usually Monday and Thursday, in Nuremberg...
External links
The Gauligas Das Deutsche Fussball Archiv- Germany - Championships 1902-1945 at RSSSF.com