Geology of Singapore
Encyclopedia
Singapore is a heavily built up society. Not much is shown among the natives about the types of rocks found on the islands, because its physical environment has changed a lot. Igneous rocks are found in Bukit Timah
, Woodlands
, and Pulau Ubin
island. Granite
makes up the bulk of the igneous rock. Gabbro
is also found in the area and is found in an area called Little Guilin
, named for its resemblance to Guilin in Southern China
. This area is in Bukit Gombak. Sedimentary rock
s are found on the western part of Singapore, and is mainly made of sandstone
and mudstones. It also includes the southwestern area. Metamorphic rock
s are found in the northeastern part of Singapore, and also on Pulau Tekong
, off the east coast of Singapore. The rocks are mainly made up of quartzite
, and also make up the Sajahat Formation.
Bukit Timah
Bukit Timah is an area in Singapore and a hill in that area. Bukit Timah is located near the centre of the Singapore main island. The hill stands at an altitude of 163.63 metres and is the highest point in the city-state of Singapore...
, Woodlands
Woodlands, Singapore
Woodlands, or the Woodlands New Town , is a suburban town in northern Singapore, part of the North West Community Development Council district...
, and Pulau Ubin
Pulau Ubin
Pulau Ubin is a small island situated in the north east of Singapore, to the west of Pulau Tekong. Granite quarrying supported a few thousand settlers on Pulau Ubin in the 1960s, but only about a hundred villagers live there today...
island. Granite
Granite
Granite is a common and widely occurring type of intrusive, felsic, igneous rock. Granite usually has a medium- to coarse-grained texture. Occasionally some individual crystals are larger than the groundmass, in which case the texture is known as porphyritic. A granitic rock with a porphyritic...
makes up the bulk of the igneous rock. Gabbro
Gabbro
Gabbro refers to a large group of dark, coarse-grained, intrusive mafic igneous rocks chemically equivalent to basalt. The rocks are plutonic, formed when molten magma is trapped beneath the Earth's surface and cools into a crystalline mass....
is also found in the area and is found in an area called Little Guilin
Little Guilin
Little Guilin is a park in Bukit Gombak, Singapore. It is a popular visitor attraction due to its similarity to the scenery of Guilin, China.- Etymology and history :...
, named for its resemblance to Guilin in Southern China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
. This area is in Bukit Gombak. Sedimentary rock
Sedimentary rock
Sedimentary rock are types of rock that are formed by the deposition of material at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water. Sedimentation is the collective name for processes that cause mineral and/or organic particles to settle and accumulate or minerals to precipitate from a solution....
s are found on the western part of Singapore, and is mainly made of sandstone
Sandstone
Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized minerals or rock grains.Most sandstone is composed of quartz and/or feldspar because these are the most common minerals in the Earth's crust. Like sand, sandstone may be any colour, but the most common colours are tan, brown, yellow,...
and mudstones. It also includes the southwestern area. Metamorphic rock
Metamorphic rock
Metamorphic rock is the transformation of an existing rock type, the protolith, in a process called metamorphism, which means "change in form". The protolith is subjected to heat and pressure causing profound physical and/or chemical change...
s are found in the northeastern part of Singapore, and also on Pulau Tekong
Pulau Tekong
Pulau Tekong is the second largest of Singapore's outlying islands with an area of 24.43 km², and the island is still expanding due to land reclamation works on its southern and northwestern coasts which will eventually subsume many of its surrounding small islets, including Pulau Tekong...
, off the east coast of Singapore. The rocks are mainly made up of quartzite
Quartzite
Quartzite is a hard metamorphic rock which was originally sandstone. Sandstone is converted into quartzite through heating and pressure usually related to tectonic compression within orogenic belts. Pure quartzite is usually white to gray, though quartzites often occur in various shades of pink...
, and also make up the Sajahat Formation.