Geophagus is a genus of cichlid

Cichlid

Cichlids are fishes from the family Cichlidae in the order Perciformes. Cichlids are members of a group known as the Labroidei along with the wrasses , damselfish , and surfperches . This family is both large and diverse. At least 1,300 species have been scientifically described, making it one of...

s from South America

South America

South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...

. The genus is currently polyphyletic and in need of further taxonomic revision. Some geophagine cichlids previously included in this genus have been reallocated to Gymnogeophagus

Gymnogeophagus

Gymnogeophagus is a genus of cichlid fishes from South America, where they found are known from various river basins in southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. They are part of a group popularly known as eartheaters.-Species:...

or Satanoperca

Satanoperca

Satanoperca is a small genus of cichlid fishes from South America, where they are known from the Orinoco, Essequibo, Nickerie, Amazon, Paraná and Paraguay river basins...

. Sensu stricto species include the true geophagines of very peaceful disposition usually with long fin extensions like the type species Geophagus altifrons

Geophagus altifrons

The Geophagus altifrons is a freshwater eartheater cichlid fish native to South America, particularly in the Amazon Forest. Introduced to Singapore, it thrives in slow-moving streams as well as reservoirs. Its ecological impact on its adopted habitat is still unknown.A member of the Cichlidae...

. Sensu lato geophagines include the much more robust and aggressive species of the Geophagus brasiliensis

Geophagus brasiliensis

The pearl cichlid is a freshwater fish species, a member of the South American Cichlid family. Cichlid species are popular in fishkeeping aquaria.-Appearance:...

complex.

Species

FishBase

FishBase

FishBase is a comprehensive database of information about fish species . It is the largest and most extensively accessed online database on adult finfish on the web...

 lists 22 species and recently two new species were added bringing the total to 24 species:

• Geophagus abalios López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004.
• Geophagus acuticeps Heckel, 1840.
• Geophagus altifrons
  Geophagus altifrons
  The Geophagus altifrons is a freshwater eartheater cichlid fish native to South America, particularly in the Amazon Forest. Introduced to Singapore, it thrives in slow-moving streams as well as reservoirs. Its ecological impact on its adopted habitat is still unknown.A member of the Cichlidae...
  
  Heckel
  Johann Jakob Heckel
  Johann Jakob Heckel was an Austrian taxidermist, zoologist, and ichthyologist from Mannheim.Though not a formally trained zoologist he worked his way up through the ranks to eventually become the director of the Fish Collection at the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna...
  
  , 1840.
• Geophagus argyrostictus Kullander, 1991.
• Geophagus brachybranchus Kullander & Nijssen
  Han Nijssen
  Han Nijssen is a Dutch ichthyologist. He is curator at Zoölogisch Museum in Amsterdam.Nijssen has worked extensively with fish from South America, and is the author of several species, e.g. Corydoras weitzmani and Corydoras xinguensis....
  
  , 1989.
• Geophagus brasiliensis
  Geophagus brasiliensis
  The pearl cichlid is a freshwater fish species, a member of the South American Cichlid family. Cichlid species are popular in fishkeeping aquaria.-Appearance:...
  
  (Quoy
  Jean René Constant Quoy
  Jean René Constant Quoy was a French zoologist.Along with Joseph Paul Gaimard he served as naturalist aboard La Coquille under Louis Isidore Duperrey during its circumnavigation of the globe , and the Astrolabe under the command of Jules Dumont d'Urville...
  
   & Gaimard
  Joseph Paul Gaimard
  Joseph Paul Gaimard was a French naval surgeon and naturalist.Along with Jean René Constant Quoy he served as naturalist on the ships L'Uranie under Louis de Freycinet 1817-1820, and L'Astrolabe under Jules Dumont d'Urville 1826-1829...
  
  , 1824).
• Geophagus brokopondo Kullander & Nijssen, 1989.
• Geophagus camopiensis Pellegrin
  Jacques Pellegrin
  Jacques Pellegrin was a French zoologist.Pellegrin was born in Paris, and studied natural history. In 1894 he became assistant chairman of zoology at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, replacing Léon Vaillant .He got his doctorates in medicine and science...
  
  , 1903.
• Geophagus crassilabris Steindachner
  Franz Steindachner
  Franz Steindachner was an Austrian zoologist.- Work and career :Being interested in natural history, Steindachner took up the study of fossil fishes on the recommendation of his friend Eduard Suess...
  
  , 1876.
• Geophagus dicrozoster López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004.
• Geophagus gottwaldi Schindler & Staeck, 2006.
• Geophagus grammepareius Kullander & Taphorn, 1992.
• Geophagus harreri Gosse, 1976.
• Geophagus iporangensis Haseman, 1911.
• Geophagus itapicuruensis Haseman, 1911.
• Geophagus jurupari Heckel, 1840.
• Geophagus megasema Heckel
  Johann Jakob Heckel
  Johann Jakob Heckel was an Austrian taxidermist, zoologist, and ichthyologist from Mannheim.Though not a formally trained zoologist he worked his way up through the ranks to eventually become the director of the Fish Collection at the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna...
  
  , 1840.
• Geophagus obscurus (Castelnau, 1855).
• Geophagus parnaibae Staeck & Schindler, 2006.
• Geophagus pellegrini Regan, 1912.
• Geophagus proximus (Castelnau, 1855).
• Geophagus steindachneri
  Geophagus steindachneri
  Redhump eartheater is a South American Eartheater Cichlid of the genus Geophagus. It is sometimes referred to by one of two invalid junior synonyms, Geophagus hondae or Geophagus magdalena.-Location:...
  
  Eigenmann & Hildebrand, 1910.
• Geophagus surinamensis (Bloch
  Marcus Elieser Bloch
  Marcus Elieser Bloch was a German medical doctor and naturalist. He is generally considered one of the most important ichthyologists of the 18th century.- Life :...
  
  , 1791).
• Geophagus taeniopareius Kullander & Royero, 1992.
• Geophagus winemilleri López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004.