Georges Mareschal
Encyclopedia
Georges Mareschal was a French surgeon
who was a native of Calais
. In 1707 he was ennobled, and was known as Georges Mareschal, seigneur de Bièvre.
He was the son of John Marshall, an Irish gentleman who served in the army of Louis XIII at the Battle of Rocroi
. In 1677 Mareschal moved to Paris
, where he worked as a surgical assistant. In 1684 he worked at the Hôpital de la Charité
, where in 1688 he became master-surgeon, and in 1692 earned the title of chief-surgeon.
Mareschal was first-surgeon to Louis XIV and Louis XV. In 1731, with François Gigot de la Peyronie
(1678–1747) he founded the Académie Royale de Chirurgie. He is also credited with making improvements in lithotomical
surgery.
Surgeon
In medicine, a surgeon is a specialist in surgery. Surgery is a broad category of invasive medical treatment that involves the cutting of a body, whether human or animal, for a specific reason such as the removal of diseased tissue or to repair a tear or breakage...
who was a native of Calais
Calais
Calais is a town in Northern France in the department of Pas-de-Calais, of which it is a sub-prefecture. Although Calais is by far the largest city in Pas-de-Calais, the department's capital is its third-largest city of Arras....
. In 1707 he was ennobled, and was known as Georges Mareschal, seigneur de Bièvre.
He was the son of John Marshall, an Irish gentleman who served in the army of Louis XIII at the Battle of Rocroi
Battle of Rocroi
The Battle of Rocroi was fought on 19 May 1643, late in the Thirty Years' War. It resulted in a victory of the French army under the Duc d'Enghien, against the Spanish army under General Francisco de Melo.-Prelude:...
. In 1677 Mareschal moved to Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, where he worked as a surgical assistant. In 1684 he worked at the Hôpital de la Charité
Hôpital de la Charité
Hôpital de la Charité was a hospital in Paris founded in the 17th century and closed in 1935.-History:In 1606, Marie de Médicis invited the Brothers Hospitallers of St. John of God to come to France. The Abbot of Saint-Germain-des-Prés granted them the use of its former Saint-Père chapel, which...
, where in 1688 he became master-surgeon, and in 1692 earned the title of chief-surgeon.
Mareschal was first-surgeon to Louis XIV and Louis XV. In 1731, with François Gigot de la Peyronie
François Gigot de la Peyronie
François Gigot de la Peyronie was a French surgeon who was born in Montpellier, France. His name is associated with a condition known as Peyronie's disease....
(1678–1747) he founded the Académie Royale de Chirurgie. He is also credited with making improvements in lithotomical
Lithotomy
Lithotomy from Greek for "lithos" and "tomos" , is a surgical method for removal of calculi, stones formed inside certain hollow organs, such as the kidneys , bladder , and gallbladder , that cannot exit naturally through the urinary system or biliary tract...
surgery.