Geumwa of Dongbuyeo
Encyclopedia
Geumwa was the second ruler (48 BCE – 7 BCE) of Dongbuyeo
. (East Buyeo
), an ancient kingdom of Korea
. His story is recorded in Samguk Sagi
, Samguk Yusa
and Book of King Dongmyeong.
. According to the Samgukyusa, Hae Buru was old and without an heir, when he found a gold-colored frog-like (or a gold-colored snail-like) child under a large rock near Lake Gonyeon. Hae Buru named the child Geumwa, meaning golden frog(or golden snail), and later made him crown prince.
Hae Buru established Dongbuyeo
when he moved the capital east to Gaseopwon (가섭원, 迦葉原) by the Sea of Japan
(East Sea).
(유화, 柳花), the disowned daughter of the river god, and brought her back to his palace. She was impregnated by sunlight and conceived Jumong.
Geumwa's seven sons resented Jumong, and so did he. He attempted numerous times to destroy Jumong when he was an egg, but later gave up, as the egg was indestructible. Jumong later ran away to Jolbon
, or former Bukbuyeo, where he later established Goguryeo
.
, Jumong's mother, died. Geumwa gave her the burial of a Queen Mother(Queen Mother of Goguryeo), despite she had never been queen. Jumong sent numerous gifts to Geumwa in gratitude of caring for his mother, and peace was seemingly restored between the two kingdoms.
. King Daeso attacked Goguryeo during the reign of its second ruler, King Yuri
. Goguryeo's third ruler King Daemusin
attacked Dongbuyeo
and killed Daeso. After internal strife, Dongbuyeo fell, and its territory was absorbed into Goguryeo.
Dongbuyeo
Dongbuyeo was an ancient Korean kingdom that developed from Bukbuyeo, until conquered by the early Goguryeo, which then grew into one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea...
. (East Buyeo
Buyeo
Buyeo can mean:*Buyeo kingdom, a kingdom located in today's North Korea and southern Manchuria from around the 2nd century BC to 494 AD*Buyeo County, a county in South Chungcheong Province, South Korea, and one-time capital of the ancient kingdom of Baekje...
), an ancient kingdom of Korea
Korea
Korea ) is an East Asian geographic region that is currently divided into two separate sovereign states — North Korea and South Korea. Located on the Korean Peninsula, Korea is bordered by the People's Republic of China to the northwest, Russia to the northeast, and is separated from Japan to the...
. His story is recorded in Samguk Sagi
Samguk Sagi
Samguk Sagi is a historical record of the Three Kingdoms of Korea: Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla. The Samguk Sagi is written in Classical Chinese and its compilation was ordered by Goryeo's King Injong Samguk Sagi (History of the Three Kingdoms) is a historical record of the Three Kingdoms of...
, Samguk Yusa
Samguk Yusa
Samguk Yusa, or Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms, is a collection of legends, folktales, and historical accounts relating to the Three Kingdoms of Korea , as well as to other periods and states before, during, and after the Three Kingdoms period.The text was written in Classical Chinese, which was...
and Book of King Dongmyeong.
Birth and background
Geumwa (金蛙 or 金蝸) was the son of Hae Buru, who was the king of DongbuyeoDongbuyeo
Dongbuyeo was an ancient Korean kingdom that developed from Bukbuyeo, until conquered by the early Goguryeo, which then grew into one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea...
. According to the Samgukyusa, Hae Buru was old and without an heir, when he found a gold-colored frog-like (or a gold-colored snail-like) child under a large rock near Lake Gonyeon. Hae Buru named the child Geumwa, meaning golden frog(or golden snail), and later made him crown prince.
Hae Buru established Dongbuyeo
Dongbuyeo
Dongbuyeo was an ancient Korean kingdom that developed from Bukbuyeo, until conquered by the early Goguryeo, which then grew into one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea...
when he moved the capital east to Gaseopwon (가섭원, 迦葉原) by the Sea of Japan
Sea of Japan
The Sea of Japan is a marginal sea of the western Pacific Ocean, between the Asian mainland, the Japanese archipelago and Sakhalin. It is bordered by Japan, North Korea, Russia and South Korea. Like the Mediterranean Sea, it has almost no tides due to its nearly complete enclosure from the Pacific...
(East Sea).
Jumong's departure
Geumwa became king after Hae Buru's death. At Ubal river (우발수, 優渤水), south of Mount Taebaek, Geumwa met YuhwaYuhwa
Yuhwa was known as the mother of King Dongmyeong, the first king and the founder of the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, Goguryeo. She was the daughter of the Habaek river god.-Overview:...
(유화, 柳花), the disowned daughter of the river god, and brought her back to his palace. She was impregnated by sunlight and conceived Jumong.
Geumwa's seven sons resented Jumong, and so did he. He attempted numerous times to destroy Jumong when he was an egg, but later gave up, as the egg was indestructible. Jumong later ran away to Jolbon
Jolbon
Jolbon was a small, Korean tribal state which arose in the northern Korean peninsula from perhaps 1st century BCE.In 37 BCE, Jumong had fled from Dongbuyeo to avoid death at the hands of Dongbuyeo's Crown Prince Daeso, who presented great jealousy towards Jumong...
, or former Bukbuyeo, where he later established Goguryeo
Goguryeo
Goguryeo or Koguryŏ was an ancient Korean kingdom located in present day northern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula, southern Manchuria, and southern Russian Maritime province....
.
Mother of Goguryeo
Lady YuhwaYuhwa
Yuhwa was known as the mother of King Dongmyeong, the first king and the founder of the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, Goguryeo. She was the daughter of the Habaek river god.-Overview:...
, Jumong's mother, died. Geumwa gave her the burial of a Queen Mother(Queen Mother of Goguryeo), despite she had never been queen. Jumong sent numerous gifts to Geumwa in gratitude of caring for his mother, and peace was seemingly restored between the two kingdoms.
Death
Geumwa died, and the throne was passed to his eldest son DaesoDaeso
King Daeso was the third ruler of the ancient Korean kingdom of Dongbuyeo.- Background :King Daeso was the first son of the previous King Geumwa, and the grandson of Dongbuyeo’s founder and first ruler, Hae Buru....
. King Daeso attacked Goguryeo during the reign of its second ruler, King Yuri
Yuri of Goguryeo
King Yuri was the second ruler of Goguryeo, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He was the eldest son of the kingdom's founder King Dongmyeongseong. As with many other early Korean rulers, the events of his life are known largely from the Samguk Sagi.- Background :Yuri was the son...
. Goguryeo's third ruler King Daemusin
Daemusin of Goguryeo
King Daemusin of Goguryeo was the third ruler of Goguryeo, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. King Daemusin led early Goguryeo through a period of massive territorial expansion, conquering several smaller nations and the powerful kingdom of Dongbuyeo.- Background :Prince Muhyul was...
attacked Dongbuyeo
Dongbuyeo
Dongbuyeo was an ancient Korean kingdom that developed from Bukbuyeo, until conquered by the early Goguryeo, which then grew into one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea...
and killed Daeso. After internal strife, Dongbuyeo fell, and its territory was absorbed into Goguryeo.
See also
- Jumong
- Hae Buru
- DongbuyeoDongbuyeoDongbuyeo was an ancient Korean kingdom that developed from Bukbuyeo, until conquered by the early Goguryeo, which then grew into one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea...
- List of Korean monarchs
- History of KoreaHistory of KoreaThe Korean Peninsula was inhabited from the Lower Paleolithic about 400,000-500,000 years ago. Archeological evidence indicates that the presence of modern humans in northeast Asia dates to 39,000 years ago. The earliest known Korean pottery dates to around 8000 BC, and the Neolithic period began...