Giovanni Paolo I Sforza
Encyclopedia
Giovanni Paolo I Sforza was an Italian
condottiero, the first in the Sforza family line of the Marquesses of Caravaggio
.
He was a legitimized son of Ludovico il Moro, duke of Milan, and Lucrezia Crivelli
. In 1513, when his half-brother Massimiliano shortly restored the family seignory in Milan, he took part in the defence of Novara
against the French
. When his other half-brother Francesco II
made a similar attempt (1525), Giovanni Paolo was besieged in the Castello Sforzesco
by the Spaniards under Antonio de Leyva
; three years later he was again besieged by them in Lodi, this time with victorious results.
In 1532, after the peace of Bologna between Francesco and Charles V of Spain
, he received in reward the title of marquess of Caravaggio. Three years later, after Francesco's death, he moved to the Kingdom of Naples
(then under Spanish suzerainty) to reclaim the Duchy of Milan for him, but died midway at Florence
under mysterious circumstances. Some sources says that he was poisoned by de Leyva.
He was married to Violante Bentivoglio (1505–1550) whose maternal great-grandfather was Galeazzo Maria Sforza
(died 1476) Duke of Milan. Giovanni's son Muzio I Sforza succeeded him in Caravaggio and in the county of Galliate.
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
condottiero, the first in the Sforza family line of the Marquesses of Caravaggio
Caravaggio (BG)
Caravaggio is a town and comune in the province of Bergamo, in Lombardy, Italy, 40 kilometres east of Milan.Caravaggio received the honorary title of city with a presidential decree on December 22, 1954.-Main sights:...
.
He was a legitimized son of Ludovico il Moro, duke of Milan, and Lucrezia Crivelli
Lucrezia Crivelli
Lucrezia Crivelli was a mistress of Ludovico Sforza, il Moro, Duke of Milan . Lucrezia was thought to be the model Leonardo da Vinci used for La belle ferronnière, which is now in the Louvre, in Paris...
. In 1513, when his half-brother Massimiliano shortly restored the family seignory in Milan, he took part in the defence of Novara
Novara
Novara is the capital city of the province of Novara in the Piedmont region in northwest Italy, to the west of Milan. With c. 105,000 inhabitants, it is the second most populous city in Piedmont after Turin. It is an important crossroads for commercial traffic along the routes from Milan to Turin...
against the French
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
. When his other half-brother Francesco II
Francesco II Sforza
Francesco II Sforza , also known as Francesco Maria Sforza, was the last Duke of Milan from 1521 until his death.He was the son of Ludovico Sforza and Beatrice d'Este...
made a similar attempt (1525), Giovanni Paolo was besieged in the Castello Sforzesco
Castello Sforzesco
Castello Sforzesco is a castle in Milan, Italy, that used to be the seat and residence of the Duchy of Milan and one of the biggest citadels in Europe and now houses several of the city's museums and art collections.-History:...
by the Spaniards under Antonio de Leyva
Antonio de Leyva
Antonio de Leyva, Duke of Terranova, Prince of Ascoli was a Spanish general during the Italian Wars. During the Italian War of 1521, he commanded Pavia during the siege of the city by Francis I of France, and took part in the Battle of Pavia in 1525...
; three years later he was again besieged by them in Lodi, this time with victorious results.
In 1532, after the peace of Bologna between Francesco and Charles V of Spain
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles V was ruler of the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 and, as Charles I, of the Spanish Empire from 1516 until his voluntary retirement and abdication in favor of his younger brother Ferdinand I and his son Philip II in 1556.As...
, he received in reward the title of marquess of Caravaggio. Three years later, after Francesco's death, he moved to the Kingdom of Naples
Kingdom of Naples
The Kingdom of Naples, comprising the southern part of the Italian peninsula, was the remainder of the old Kingdom of Sicily after secession of the island of Sicily as a result of the Sicilian Vespers rebellion of 1282. Known to contemporaries as the Kingdom of Sicily, it is dubbed Kingdom of...
(then under Spanish suzerainty) to reclaim the Duchy of Milan for him, but died midway at Florence
Florence
Florence is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany and of the province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany, with approximately 370,000 inhabitants, expanding to over 1.5 million in the metropolitan area....
under mysterious circumstances. Some sources says that he was poisoned by de Leyva.
He was married to Violante Bentivoglio (1505–1550) whose maternal great-grandfather was Galeazzo Maria Sforza
Galeazzo Maria Sforza
Galeazzo Maria Sforza was Duke of Milan from 1466 until his death. He was famous for being lustful, cruel and tyrannical....
(died 1476) Duke of Milan. Giovanni's son Muzio I Sforza succeeded him in Caravaggio and in the county of Galliate.
See also
- House of SforzaHouse of SforzaSforza was a ruling family of Renaissance Italy, based in Milan.-History:The dynasty was founded by Muzio Attendolo , called Sforza , a condottiero from Romagna serving the Angevin kings of Naples...
- Italian War of 1521-1526
- War of the League of CognacWar of the League of CognacThe War of the League of Cognac was fought between the Habsburg dominions of Charles V—primarily Spain and the Holy Roman Empire—and the League of Cognac, an alliance including France, Pope Clement VII, the Republic of Venice, England, the Duchy of Milan and Republic of Florence.- Prelude :Shocked...