Giovanni Salvemini
Encyclopedia
Giovanni Francesco Mauro Melchiorre Salvemini di Castiglione FRS (born January 11, 1704 Castiglione del Valdarno
- October 11, 1791 Berlin
) was an Italian mathematician
and astronomer
.
where he studied law and mathematics, earning a doctorate in 1729.
He fled the Inquisition
to Switzerland in 1736.
He taught in Lausanne
. In 1745, he married Elizabeth du Fresne with whom he had three children, the only surviving child was Maximilian Friedrich Gustav Adolf Salvemini.
In 1757, Elizabeth died, and he married Madeleine Raven two years later.
In November 1787 he suffered a stroke
.
.
In 1765, Frederick the Great appointed him "Astronomer Royal", of the Observatory of Berlin.
He received additional honors from foreign academies, was appointed a member of the Academy of Bologna in 1768, the Academy of Mannheim in 1777, the Academy of Padua in 1784, and the Academy of Prague in 1785. Succeeding Joseph-Louis Lagrange, he was appointed Director of the Mathematics Section, a role he held until his death.
He studied conic sections, cubic equations and problems of artillery. Among his latest publications mathematics note
He is also known for the "Castillon's problem".
Castiglion Fibocchi
Castiglion Fibocchi is a comune in the Province of Arezzo in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 50 km southeast of Florence and about 12 km northwest of Arezzo....
- October 11, 1791 Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
) was an Italian mathematician
Mathematician
A mathematician is a person whose primary area of study is the field of mathematics. Mathematicians are concerned with quantity, structure, space, and change....
and astronomer
Astronomer
An astronomer is a scientist who studies celestial bodies such as planets, stars and galaxies.Historically, astronomy was more concerned with the classification and description of phenomena in the sky, while astrophysics attempted to explain these phenomena and the differences between them using...
.
Life
He graduated from the University of PisaUniversity of Pisa
The University of Pisa , located in Pisa, Tuscany, is one of the oldest universities in Italy. It was formally founded on September 3, 1343 by an edict of Pope Clement VI, although there had been lectures on law in Pisa since the 11th century...
where he studied law and mathematics, earning a doctorate in 1729.
He fled the Inquisition
Inquisition
The Inquisition, Inquisitio Haereticae Pravitatis , was the "fight against heretics" by several institutions within the justice-system of the Roman Catholic Church. It started in the 12th century, with the introduction of torture in the persecution of heresy...
to Switzerland in 1736.
He taught in Lausanne
Lausanne
Lausanne is a city in Romandy, the French-speaking part of Switzerland, and is the capital of the canton of Vaud. The seat of the district of Lausanne, the city is situated on the shores of Lake Geneva . It faces the French town of Évian-les-Bains, with the Jura mountains to its north-west...
. In 1745, he married Elizabeth du Fresne with whom he had three children, the only surviving child was Maximilian Friedrich Gustav Adolf Salvemini.
In 1757, Elizabeth died, and he married Madeleine Raven two years later.
In November 1787 he suffered a stroke
Stroke
A stroke, previously known medically as a cerebrovascular accident , is the rapidly developing loss of brain function due to disturbance in the blood supply to the brain. This can be due to ischemia caused by blockage , or a hemorrhage...
.
Mathematics
In 1745, he was elected to the Royal SocietyRoyal Society
The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, known simply as the Royal Society, is a learned society for science, and is possibly the oldest such society in existence. Founded in November 1660, it was granted a Royal Charter by King Charles II as the "Royal Society of London"...
.
In 1765, Frederick the Great appointed him "Astronomer Royal", of the Observatory of Berlin.
He received additional honors from foreign academies, was appointed a member of the Academy of Bologna in 1768, the Academy of Mannheim in 1777, the Academy of Padua in 1784, and the Academy of Prague in 1785. Succeeding Joseph-Louis Lagrange, he was appointed Director of the Mathematics Section, a role he held until his death.
He studied conic sections, cubic equations and problems of artillery. Among his latest publications mathematics note
He is also known for the "Castillon's problem".
Works
- Discours sur l'origine d'inegalite parmi les hommes. Pour servir de reponse au discours que M Rouseau (1756)
- Mémoire sur la règle de Cardan, et sur les equations cubique, avec Quelques Remarques sur les equations en général (1783)
- Examen philosophique de principes de quelque algebra 1790 and 1791 (memoirs)
External links
- Dall'età dell'Arcadia al "Conciliatore": aspetti teorici, elaborazioni testuali, percorsi europei, Author Giuseppe Antonio Camerino, Liguori Editore Srl, 2006, ISBN 978-88-207-3983-6
- Biblioteca matematica italiana dalla origine della stampa ai primi anni del secolo XIX Author Pietro Riccardi, Società tipografica, 1893
- "Discours sur l'origine d'inegalite parmi les hommes." French Wikipedia