Gisulf I of Benevento
Encyclopedia
Gisulf I was the duke of Benevento from 680, when his brother Grimoald
died. His father was Romuald I
. His mother was Theodrada (or Theuderata), daughter of Lupus of Friuli
, and she exercised the regency
for him for the first years of his reign.
According to Paul the Deacon
, it was during his reign that the relics of Saint Benedict of Nursia and Saint Scholastica his sister were taken from Monte Cassino
by the Franks
.
In about 705, Gisulf took the cities of Sora
, Arpino
, and Arce
. He marched as far as Horrea, plundering and burning, before he was confronted with gifts by the ambassadors of Pope John VI
, who ransomed many of his captives and induced him to return whence he had come to his own dominions.
He was an energetic duke, like his father and grandfather. He fought against king, pope, and Byzantine
. He was married to Winiperga and was succeeded by his son Romuald II
.
Grimoald II of Benevento
Grimoald II was the duke of Benevento from 677 to his death. He was the son and successor of Romuald I of Benevento. He was possibly under the regency of his mother, Theodrada, daughter of Lupus of Friuli. His reign of three years was uneventful: Paul the Deacon records nothing but his marriage...
died. His father was Romuald I
Romuald I of Benevento
Romuald I , duke of Benevento was the son of Grimoald, king of the Lombards. He received Benevento when his father usurped the throne in 662. Grimoald sent the deposed king Perctarit's wife Rodelinde and son Cunincpert to the court of his son in Benevento.Romuald betrothed his sister Gisa to...
. His mother was Theodrada (or Theuderata), daughter of Lupus of Friuli
Lupus of Friuli
Lupus was the Duke of Friuli from between 660 and 663 to his death around 666.Immediately after succeeded to Friuli, Lupus invaded Grado with a body of cavalry and plundered the city, then proceeding to Aquileia, where he stole the treasures of the Patriarchate.When King Grimoald went south to...
, and she exercised the regency
Regent
A regent, from the Latin regens "one who reigns", is a person selected to act as head of state because the ruler is a minor, not present, or debilitated. Currently there are only two ruling Regencies in the world, sovereign Liechtenstein and the Malaysian constitutive state of Terengganu...
for him for the first years of his reign.
According to Paul the Deacon
Paul the Deacon
Paul the Deacon , also known as Paulus Diaconus, Warnefred, Barnefridus and Cassinensis, , was a Benedictine monk and historian of the Lombards.-Life:...
, it was during his reign that the relics of Saint Benedict of Nursia and Saint Scholastica his sister were taken from Monte Cassino
Monte Cassino
Monte Cassino is a rocky hill about southeast of Rome, Italy, c. to the west of the town of Cassino and altitude. St. Benedict of Nursia established his first monastery, the source of the Benedictine Order, here around 529. It was the site of Battle of Monte Cassino in 1944...
by the Franks
Franks
The Franks were a confederation of Germanic tribes first attested in the third century AD as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River. From the third to fifth centuries some Franks raided Roman territory while other Franks joined the Roman troops in Gaul. Only the Salian Franks formed a...
.
In about 705, Gisulf took the cities of Sora
Sora, Italy
Sora is a city and comune of Lazio, Italy, in the province of Frosinone. It is built in a plain on the banks of the Liri. This part of the valley is the seat of some important manufactures, especially of paper-mills....
, Arpino
Arpino
Arpino is a comune in the province of Frosinone in the region of Latium in central Italy. Its Roman name was Arpinum.-History:...
, and Arce
Arce
Arce is a comune in the province of Frosinone, in the region of Lazio, Italy. it is an agricultural center located on a hill overlooking the Via Casilina, in the middle valley of the Liri.-History:...
. He marched as far as Horrea, plundering and burning, before he was confronted with gifts by the ambassadors of Pope John VI
Pope John VI
Pope John VI was a Greek pope from Ephesus who reigned during the Byzantine Papacy from October 30, 701 to January 11, 705. His papacy was noted for military and political breakthroughs on the Italian peninsula. He succeeded to the papal chair two months after the death of Pope Sergius I, and his...
, who ransomed many of his captives and induced him to return whence he had come to his own dominions.
He was an energetic duke, like his father and grandfather. He fought against king, pope, and Byzantine
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire was the Eastern Roman Empire during the periods of Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, centred on the capital of Constantinople. Known simply as the Roman Empire or Romania to its inhabitants and neighbours, the Empire was the direct continuation of the Ancient Roman State...
. He was married to Winiperga and was succeeded by his son Romuald II
Romuald II of Benevento
Romuald II the Younger was the son of Gisulf I and Winiperga. He succeeded as duke of Benevento on the death of his father, which is dated variously as 698, 706, or 707. According to Paul the Deacon, Gisulf reigned 17 years, which would imply his death in 698, but Paul also mentions acts which...
.
Sources
- Lexikon des Mittelalters: Gisulf I. Herzog von Benevent (681-698).
- Paul the DeaconPaul the DeaconPaul the Deacon , also known as Paulus Diaconus, Warnefred, Barnefridus and Cassinensis, , was a Benedictine monk and historian of the Lombards.-Life:...
. Historia Langobardorum. Available at Northvegr.